How literature tells the story. Observations on contemporary Bulgarian Bessarabic prose

Proglas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Nalbantova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Selection Of

This article discusses fiction novels that have been written in Bulgarian since the 1960s by Bessarabian Bulgarians, focusing on topics related to the life of Bulgarian expats in Bessarabia. The Bulgarian Bessarabian literature from this period is defined as contemporary. This article reconstructs the historical context as interpreted in two different ways: as events that found their way into the narratives, and as circumstances, which enforced both the selection of topics and their interpretation, and at the same time the literary canon that shaped the texts. The article concludes that the depiction of historical events in the novels of P.Trufkin, P. Burlak-Valkanov, Iv. Valkov, Il. Valkov, I. Nenov, A. Maleshkova and N. Kurtev conforms to extraliterary factors: ideology, geopolitical interests of neighboring countries, civilizational pessimism.

ANA ECHEVARRÍA, The Fortress of Faith: The Attitudes Towards Muslims in Fifteenth Century Spain, Medieval Iberian Peninsula, vol. 12 (Leiden, Boston, Cologne: E. J. Brill 1999). Pp. 254. $108 cloth.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-452
Author(s):  
KATHRYN CAMP
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Selection Of

In The Fortress of Faith: The Attitudes Towards Muslims in Fifteenth Century Spain, Ana Echevarría presents a study of four mid-15th-century texts and argues that their polemical tone toward the Muslim world was inspired by contemporary historical events and revealed a Christian Spain preparing itself to end Muslim rule on the Iberian Peninsula. She argues that the events of 1450–70 are key to understanding Fernando and Isabel's renewed march against Granada in 1474 and that ecclesiastical literature of this time—as a manifestation of a “frontier church”—can provide a glimpse of the ideas common at court and among the clergy. At the center of her book are the works of three theologians (Juan de Segovia, Alonso de Espina, and Juan de Torquemada) and one layman (the Aragonese Pedro de Cavallería)—all written between 1450 and 1461—and Echevarría juxtaposes these texts with a wide selection of similar treatises written in Spain and elsewhere since the Muslim invasion of Iberia in 711. For each of her four primary texts, she provides the historical context of the author's life as well as an analysis of each work's style, sources, symbolism, and mode of argumentation against Islam (which, in general, involved allegations about the illegitimacy of the Muslim Prophet, holy text, or tenets). She then compares the views of these authors with the legal norms governing interactions among Muslims, Christians, and Jews in 15th-century Spain and concludes that both reveal an “evolution towards intolerance and violence which was common to the society and its rulers” and that impelled the eventually successful conquest of Granada.

In Search of Space: The Trope of Escape in German Electronic Music around 1968

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-352
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY SCOTT BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Electronic Music ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Musical Genre ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

‘In Search of Space’ explores the history of Krautrock, a futuristic musical genre that began in Germany in the late 1960s and flowered in the 1970s. Not usually explicitly political, Krautrock bore the unmistakable imprint of the revolt of 1968. Groups arose out of the same milieux and shared many of the same concerns as anti-authoritarian radicals. Their rebellion expressed, in an artistic way, key themes of the broader countercultural moment of which they were a part. A central theme, the article argues, was escape – escape from the situation of Germany in the 1960s in general, and from the specific conditions of the anti-authoritarian revolt in the Federal Republic in the wake of 1968. Mapping Krautrock's relationship to key locations and routes (both real and imaginary), the article situates Krautrock in relationship to the political and cultural upheavals of its historical context.

The City of Oslo in Jan Erik Vold’s Poems

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Raluca-Daniela Duinea
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Social Critical ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

"The City of Oslo in Jan Erik Vold’s Poems. The aim of this paper is to examine, from a cultural and social perspective, the Norwegian urban areas and everyday situations in Jan Erik Vold’s (b. 1939) poems. Our close-reading technique reveals important social aspects, different places and streets, located in the capital city of Norway, Oslo. These urban poems written by the contemporary Norwegian poet Jan Erik Vold contribute to the reconstruction of a new Norwegian cultural identity as it is reflected in a selection of poems taken from Mor Godhjertas glade versjon. Ja (Mother Goodhearted’s Happy Version. Yes, 1968), followed by the poet’s wanderings in the city of Oslo in En som het Abel Ek (One Named Abel Ek, 1988), and concluding with his bitter social criticism in Elg (Moose, 1989) and IKKE. Skillingstrykk fra nittitallet (Not: Broadsides from the Nineties, 1993). Vold’s urban poems emphasise the transition from nyenkle (new simple), friendly and descriptive poems which present closely the city of Oslo on foot, to short, political and social critical poems from the 90s. Thus, it is of great importance to traverse various urban ‘landscapes’ in different periods of time, beginning with the 1960s, followed by the 80s and the 90s. Keywords: Jan Erik Vold, urban poems, social criticism, Norwegian urban areas, the city of Oslo "

On the authorship and publication dates of Theraphosa and Theraphosidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae): a clarification

Bionomina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER BREITLING
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minority View ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Selection Of

The genus Theraphosa was established by Thorell (1870) as the type genus of the simultaneously published family Theraphosidae, the most diverse group of mygalomorph spiders. This authorship and publication date have long been accepted by the majority of authors. However, there has been a long-standing minority view that the genus name should be attributed to Walckenaer (1805), and the publication date of the family name changed to 1869.             A thought-provoking recent publication has examined this case. Based on a limited selection of the relevant literature, the authors struggled to make sense of their sources and prematurely concluded that the minority opinion might indeed be correct. They overlooked the potentially destabilising implications of this reattribution.             This paper revisits the evidence in the light of a much wider range of relevant publications, places it in its important historical context and, on the basis of the current rules of nomenclature, concludes that the traditional consensus has indeed been correct.                 Thus, Theraphosa Thorell, 1870 is the type genus of Theraphosidae Thorell, 1870 and a nomen protectum, while Theraphosa Schinz, 1823 is a nomen oblitum, mostly limited to the German textbook literature of the early 19th century. Teraphosa Eichwald, 1830 and Teraphosa Gistel, 1848 are junior synonyms of Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 (syn. nov.). Theraphosa Walckenaer, 1805 is a suprageneric name of the class-series (synonymous to Mygalomorphae) and not available at the genus level.

scholarly journals Five Challenges for Intelligent Text Entry Methods

AI Magazine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Ola Kristensson
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Text Entry ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
Selection Of

For text entry methods to be useful they have to deliver high entry rates and low error rates. At the same time they need to be easy-to-learn and provide effective means of correcting mistakes. Intelligent text entry methods combine AI techniques with HCI theory to enable users to enter text as efficiently and effortlessly as possible. Here I sample a selection of such techniques from the research literature and set them into their historical context. I then highlight five challenges for text entry methods that aspire to make an impact in our society: localization, error correction, editor support, feedback, and context of use.

scholarly journals Techno-morphological features of items made of antler from the site near the village of Michnievičy (north-western Belarus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Malyutina ◽  
Aleksandr Nikolaevich Vashanov ◽  
Mariya Ivanovna Tkacheva ◽  
Evgenia Sergeevna Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Village ◽  
North Western ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the results of a techno-morphological analysis of items made of antler obtained as a result of the collections from the 1960s-1990s from the site near the village of Michnievičy Smorgon District of the Grodno Region (north-western Belarus). Currently, more than 100 artifacts are known from this site, as well as a large number of fauna residues with no visible traces of processing. Radiocarbon dating was obtained for some categories of products, which link them to 9-2 thousand BC. The largest part of the collection refers to the period of the Mesolithic - Neolithic. At the first stage of work, the most expressive and numerous group of artifacts made of horn (24 exemplars), stored in the fonds of the Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, was selected for a techno-morphological analysis. The degree of preservation of the external surface of objects is relatively good, which made it possible to analyze macro-traces related to the technology of manufacturing various categories of products, on the basis of which a process flow was proposed - from the selection of raw materials to the finished product. The analysis of the technological traces recorded on the products allowed us to highlight the differences in the manufacturing processes of the oldest tools. In addition, on the basis of the macro signs of utilitarian wear, preliminary observations on the functional using of objects were obtained. According to technological and morphological features, the whole of the analyzed material was divided into conditional categories of instruments with a selected heel and without it. The presence or absence of this element, apparently, influenced the method of using objects in various household situations.

scholarly journals Entre la verdad y la ilusión el paradigma de la objetividad en el cine político marginal de los años sesenta y setenta en Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Gloria Pineda Moncada
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Language History ◽  
Political Cinema ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Selection Of

RESUMENEn este artículo se analiza la imagen y el contexto histórico de tres filmes colombianos de la década de los sesenta y setenta: Los hijos del subdesarrollo de Carlos Álvarez (1975), Chircales de Marta Rodríguez y Jorge Silva (1972) y Camilo Torres Restrepo de Diego León Giraldo (1966). El análisis tiene como objetivo revelar las estrategias discursivas empleadas por el cine político marginal para reproducir el tan anhelado efecto de objetividad. De esta manera, la selección del género documental, el uso de la voz en off, la inclusión de imágenes de alto impacto y el desarrollo de una argumentación bien fundamentada, fueron las estrategias retóricas empleadas por los cineastas de la época para persuadir al espectador sobre la objetividad del discurso fílmico. Estas conclusiones amplifican uno de los temas reseñados en el libro Cine Político Marginal. Las formas de representación de una ideología de disidencia (1966-1976), publicado en enero de 2015. PALABRAS CLAVE Cine colombiano, historia, lenguaje cinematográfico, objetividad, persuasión.ÑUGAPA KAI WATAKUNAPI KASCHIS CHUNG CHASALLATA PUSAG CHUNGA WATAPISUGLLAPIKai mailla kilkaipi kawachiku sug parlu kai kimsa kunakuna nukanchipa alpapi kusaskakuna kawachiskakuna kai watapi kanchis chunga pusag chunga. Kai wambra sug iacha runapa Carlos Alvarez suti chasallata, chircales Marta Rodriguez, Jorge Silva ( 1972) chasallata kai runakuna Camilo Torres Restrepo de Diego Leon Giraldo pai nunakume kawachingapa imasami allika tukuikunata kawachinga ima suma kawariskasina pai munaska. Chasallata parlanakume imasami kallariskakuna sug ruraikuna kawachispa subrigcha ñugpa kaugsai chasallata kunaura kaugsai kaipi kawachiku sug kilkai sug pangapi Politico Maarginal rispa parlaspa kai watakunapi. (1966 -1976).IMA SUTI RIMAI SIMI:Kawachispa atun llagtapi, parlu, rimai, ruraikuna, llullarispa.BETWEEN TRUTH AND ILLUSION: THE PARADIGM OF OBJECTIVITY IN MARGINAL POLITICAL CINEMA OF THE SIXTIES AND SEVENTIES IN COLOMBIAABSTRACTIn this article, the image and the historical context of three Colombian films from the sixties and seventies are analyzed: Los hijos del subdesarrollo by Carlos Álvarez (1975), Chircales by Marta Rodríguez y Jorge Silva (1972), and Camilo Torres Restrepo by Diego León Giraldo (1966). The objective of the analysis is to reveal the discursive strategies employed by marginal political cinema to reproduce the desired effect of objectivity. In this manner, the selection of the documentary genre, the use of voice-over, the inclusion of high impact images and the development of a well-supported argumentation, were the rhetorical strategies employed by the filmmakers of the time to persuade the spectator about the objectivity of the film’s discourse. These conclusions are an extension of the themes covered in the book Marginal Political Cinema. The Forms of Representation of a Dissident Ideology (1966-1976), published in January 2015.KEYWORDSColombian cinema, cinematographic language, history, objectivity, persuasion. arteymemoria_ENTRE LA VÉRITÉ ET L’ILLUSION : LE PARADIGME DE L’OBJECTIVITÉ DANS LE CINÉMA POLITIQUE MARGINAL DES ANNÉES SOIXANTE ET SOIXANTE-DIX EN COLOMBIERÉSUMÉDans cet article, l’image et le contexte historique de trois films colombiens des années soixante et soixante-dix sont analysés : Los hijos del subdesarrollo (Les fils du Sous-développement) de Carlos Álvarez (1975), Chircales de Marta Rodríguez y Jorge Silva (1972), et Camilo Torres Restrepo de Diego León Giraldo (1966). L’objectif de l’analyse est de révéler les stratégies discursives employées par le cinéma politique marginal pour reproduire l’effet désiré d’objectivité. De cette façon, la sélection du genre documentaire, l’utilisation du voice-over, l’inclusion des images à fort impact et le développement d’une argumentation bien étayée, ont été les stratégies rhétoriques employées par des cinéastes de l’époque pour persuader le spectateur sur le l’objectivité du discours du film. Ces conclusions sont une extension des thèmes examinés dans le livre Cinéma politique marginale. Les formes de représentation d’une idéologie dissidente (1966-1976), qui a été publié en Janvier à 2015.MOTS-CLEFSCinéma colombien, langage cinématographique, histoire, objectivité, persuasion.ENTRE A VERDADE E A ILUSÃO: O PARADIGMA DA OBJETIVIDADE NO CINEMA POLÍTICO MARGINAL DOS ANOS SESSENTA E SETENTA NA COLÔMBIA.RESUMOEste artigo se analisa a imagem e o contexto histórico de três filmes colombianos da década dos sessenta e setenta: “Los hijos Del subdesarrollo” de Carlos Álvarez (1975), “chircales de Marta Rodríguez e Jorge Silva” (1972) e Camilo Torres Restrepo de Diego León Giraldo (1966). A análise tem como objetivo revelar as estratégias discursivas empregadas pelo cinema político marginal para reproduzir o tão anelado afeto de objetividade. Desta maneira, a seleção do gênero documental, o uso da voz em off, a inclusão de imagens de alto impacto e o desenvolvimento de uma argumentação bem fundamentada, foram as estratégias retóricas empregadas pelos cineastas da época para persuadir ao espectador sobre a objetividade do discurso fílmico. Estas conclusões amplificam um dos temas resenhados no livro Cine Político Marginal. “Las formas de representación de una ideología de disidencia” (1966-1976), publicado em janeiro de 2015.PALAVRAS CHAVESCinema colombiano, história, linguagem cinematográfico, objetividade, persuasão. Recibido el 10 de septiembre de 2015 Aceptado el 19 de noviembre de 2015

scholarly journals Review of the Literature on Latin America in Ketab-e-Jom’eh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jom’ehToloo Riazi
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Literature And Society ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Interpretative Approach ◽  
Symbolic Approach ◽  
Selection Of

This paper aims to analyze a weekly magazine called Ketab-e-Jom’eh (Friday’s Book) and the reflection of Latin American’s revolutionary movements in it. Ketab-e-Jom’eh, published from July 26, 1979, to May 22, 1980, was supervised by a number of the most legendary Iranian authors and poets, such as Ahmad Shamloo1 and Gholam Hossein Saedi. I focus on the way a particular perspective on Latin American movements is constructed and perpetuated among Ketab-e-Jom’eh’s lectors. With a symbolic approach, I analyze those texts through their symbolic representation in the Iranian society, which requires me to study those symbols and their concomitant relevance in Iran. Eventually, I will use an interpretative approach to examine this magazine’s ideologically motivated articles in the broader context of the Iranian society with its particular traits. The dialectic relationship between literature and society helps us understand literature as the product of social conditions and influential factors in society. The position that I develop here echoes Louis de Bonald’s belief that “through a careful reading of any nation’s literature ‘one could tell what this people had been’” (as cited in Hall, 1979, p. 13). I employ such an expansive horizon to scrutinize the selection of literature on Latin American guerillas. I shall unfold the magazine’s ideological orientation from the angle of the context in which it is used. I aim to show that the historical context of the Iranian society at the moment gives those articles specific meanings. In pursuit of my goals, I will recontextualize the articles to determine their primary significance in the Iran of the 1970s and 1980s.

scholarly journals Práticas matemáticas inscritas em cadernos escolares: o caso das fraçõesMathematical practices inscribed in school notebooks: the case of fractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 751-788
Author(s):  
Francine Fragoso de Miranda Silva ◽  
Cláudia Regina Flores ◽  
Rosilene Beatriz Machado
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Mathematical Practices ◽  
New Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

ResumoEste artigo tem por objetivo identificar e analisar práticas matemáticas inscritas em cadernos escolares de uma escola mista estadual do município de Antônio Carlos (SC), nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, com enfoque dado para as frações. São utilizadas as teorizações de Michel Foucault para nortear os preceitos teórico-metodológicos. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam práticas matemáticas desenvolvidas nessa escola obedecendo aos programas oficiais catarinenses da época, com soluções rápidas e sucintas e voltadas às tarefas de seu cotidiano. Também se observam que elas estão inseridas num contexto histórico, compreendido entre a Reforma Francisco Campos, de 1931, e o início do Movimento da Matemática Moderna, nos anos de 1960, no qual a fração recebe uma nova abordagem, distanciando-se da relação entre número e medida e aproximando-se da noção de parte-todo.Palavras-chave: Práticas matemáticas, Cadernos escolares, Frações, História da educação matemática.AbstractThis article aims to identify and analyze mathematical practices registered in school notebooks of a mixed state school in the city of Antônio Carlos (SC), in the 1930s and 1940s, focused on fractions. Michel Foucault's theorizations are used to guide theoretical and methodological precepts. The results of the research show mathematical practices developed in these schools obeying the Santa Catarina official programs of the time, with quick and succinct solutions and focused on their daily tasks. It is also observed that they are inserted in a historical context, between the Francisco Campos Reform, of 1931, and the beginning of the Modern Mathematics Movement, in the 1960s, in which the fraction receives a new approach, moving away from the relationship between number and measure and approaching the notion of part-whole.Keywords: Mathematical practices, School notebooks, Fractions, History of mathematics education.ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar las prácticas matemáticas registradas en los cuadernos escolares de una escuela estatal mixta en la ciudad de Antônio Carlos (SC), en la década de 1930 y 1940, con un enfoque en las fracciones. Las teorizaciones de Michel Foucault se utilizan para guiar los preceptos teóricos y metodológicos. Los resultados de la investigación muestran prácticas matemáticas desarrolladas en estas escuelas que obedecen los programas oficiales de Santa Catarina de la época, con soluciones rápidas y sucintas y centradas en sus tareas diarias. También se observa que se insertan en un contexto histórico, entre la Reforma Francisco Campos, de 1931, y el comienzo del Movimiento de Matemáticas Modernas, en la década de 1960, en el que la fracción recibe un nuevo enfoque, alejándose de la relación entre numerar y medir y acercándose a la noción de parte-todo.Palabras clave: Prácticas matemáticas, Cuadernos escolares, Fracciones, Historia de la educación matemática

Historical Heroes of modern Ukrainian Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
M. Kamionka
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Orange Revolution ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Revolution

Ukrainian youth from the beginning of the country’s independence was a catalyst for democratic changes. From the Revolution on Granite, through the Sumy’s Revolution on Grass and Orange Revolution to the Revolution of Dignity and the war in the East, undeniably it was the youth who fought for the future of Ukraine. While appreciating the contribution of young people to the contemporary history of Ukraine, it is essential to ask which national heroes and what historical events are important to the young generation. Thanks to the research conducted in 2017-2018 on a representative group of Ukrainian youth (1043 respondents), the author can answer that question. The results show that there are no surprises; the research confirms the all-Ukrainian results and shares knowledge on this subject. However, it is worth emphasizing some surprises, as well as the frequent selection of the answer “neutral attitude” to historical events, which may indicate the lack of historical knowledge among the surveyed youth.

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