scholarly journals Grain yield and yield related traits of sodium azide induced barley mutant lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Boryana Dyulgerov ◽  
Nikolay Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Barley Mutant ◽  
Mutant Lines

scholarly journals Genotype by Environment Interaction for Grain Yield of Barley Mutant Lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Boryana Dyulgerova ◽  
Nikolay Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Stable Mutant ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Mutant Lines

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the genotype by environment interaction for grain yield and to identify high-yielding and stable mutant lines of 6-rowed winter barley under different growing seasons. The study was carried out during 7 growing seasons from 2010 – 2011 to 2016 – 2017 in the experimental field of the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat, Southeastern Bulgaria. Fourteen advanced mutant lines and the check variety Vesletc were studied using a complete block design with 4 replications. The AMMI analysis of variance indicated that 20.54% of the variation for grain yield was explained by the effect of genotype and 37.34% and 42.12% were attributable to the environmental effects and genotype by environment interaction. The magnitude of the genotype by environment interaction was two times larger than that of genotypes, indicating that there was a substantial difference in genotype response across environments. The AMMI and GGE biplot analyses identified G9 as the highest yielding and stable genotype. This mutant line can be recommended for further evaluation for variety release. The mutant lines G6, G13 and G15 were suggested for inclusion in the breeding program of winter barley due to its high grain yield and intermediate stability.

scholarly journals Technological characteristics of newly developed mutant common winter wheat lines

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mangova ◽  
G. Rachovska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines

Fifteen hybrid-mutant lines and two direct mutant lines were studied in terms to their technological quality in 2000 and 2001 vegetation years. The hybrid-mutant lines were produced using chemical mutagen sodium azide at a concentration of 1mM on F<sub>2</sub> seeds. For parent cultivars, promising and well adapted Bulgarian and foreign common winter wheat cultivars were used. The direct mutant lines were obtained by gamma-irradiation and sodium azide treatment of dry seed from cultivars. The differences of the following three characteristics: quality index, softening of dough and energy for dough deformation (W) of MX 77/14 compared to the total mean value are positive and statistically significant. Crude protein, softening of dough, and energy for dough deformation (W) of MX 84/37 are also significantly different in relation to the total mean value. Both wheat lines refer to the group of common winter wheat with very good technological quality. This fact was confirmed of higher values of energy for dough deformation (W), than strong wheat cultivar Pobeda.

scholarly journals Knockout of the HvCKX1 or HvCKX3 Gene in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by RNA-Guided Cas9 Nuclease Affects the Regulation of Cytokinin Metabolism and Root Morphology

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gasparis ◽  
Przyborowski ◽  
Kała ◽  
Nadolska-Orczyk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Cytokinin Oxidase ◽  
Cytokinin Metabolism ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Mutant Lines

Barley is among four of the most important cereal crops with respect to global production. Increasing barley yields to desired levels can be achieved by the genetic manipulation of cytokinin content. Cytokinins are plant hormones that regulate many developmental processes and have a strong influence on grain yield. Cytokinin homeostasis is regulated by members of several multigene families. CKX genes encode the cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase enzyme, which catalyzes the irreversible degradation of cytokinin. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the RNAi-based silencing of CKX genes leads to increased grain yields in some crop species. To assess the possibility of increasing the grain yield of barley by knocking out CKX genes, we used an RNA-guided Cas9 system to generate ckx1 and ckx3 mutant lines with knockout mutations in the HvCKX1 and HvCKX3 genes, respectively. Homozygous, transgene-free mutant lines were subsequently selected and analyzed. A significant decrease in CKX enzyme activity was observed in the spikes of the ckx1 lines, while in the ckx3 lines, the activity remained at a similar level to that in the control plants. Despite these differences, no changes in grain yield were observed in either mutant line. In turn, differences in CKX activity in the roots between the ckx1 and ckx3 mutants were reflected via root morphology. The decreased CKX activity in the ckx1 lines corresponded to greater root length, increased surface area, and greater numbers of root hairs, while the increased CKX activity in the ckx3 mutants gave the opposite results. RNA-seq analysis of the spike and root transcriptomes revealed an altered regulation of genes controlling cytokinin metabolism and signaling, as well as other genes that are important during seed development, such as those that encode nutrient transporters. The observed changes suggest that the knockout of a single CKX gene in barley may be not sufficient for disrupting cytokinin homeostasis or increasing grain yields.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Rice Mutant Line against Two Widely Grown Rice Cultivar in Mymensingh Region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M. A. Rouf ◽  
N. A. Khan ◽  
M. L. A. Mueez ◽  
N. I. Toma ◽  
S. Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Mutant Line ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Mutant ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
On Farm

Growth performance, yield components and total grain yield of a rice mutant lines were evaluated againest two popular rice varieties on farm experiments within five different upazila of Mymensingh region to find out the better cultivar on the besis of yield and duration. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The study was conducted for two consecutive season that ensure the stability of the mutant line. The results revealed that the cultivar RM(2)-40-©-4-2-8 was recorded highest effective tiller and maximum filled grain in most of the location. Among the all cultivar RM(2)-40-©-4-2-8 was recorded maximum grain yield in most of the location for two consecutive year which was statistically significant from other cultivar.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN SODIUM AZIDE-INDUCED BARLEY MUTANT LINES

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
N. Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
Mutant Lines

The aim of this study was to assess the diversity among sodium azide-induced mutants of winter 2-rowed barley for 8 quantitative traits of by multivariate analyses. Forty-seven mutant lines and their parental varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were tested in complete block design with four replications. The studied traits included spike length, awn length, peduncle length, spikelet and grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. Principal component and cluster analyses were used for the assessment of mutants. Traits spike length, spikelet number per a spike, grain number per spike and grain weight per spike had the largest contribution to the divergence between mutants. The cluster and principal component analyses employed in the present study divided the mutant lines into different groups, which were deviated significantly from the respective parents. Diverse mutant lines with improved yield-related traits suitable for including in winter barley breeding program were identified.

scholarly journals Characterization of Gamma-Rays-Induced Spring Wheat Mutants for Morphological and Quality Traits through Multivariate and GT Bi-Plot Analysis

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2288
Author(s):  
Sana Zulfiqar ◽  
Shumila Ishfaq ◽  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Nawaz ◽  
Mehboob-ur- Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Mutant Lines

Exploiting new genetic resources is an effective way to achieve sustainable wheat production. To this end, we exposed wheat seeds of the “Punjab-11” cultivar to gamma rays. A total of 32 stable mutants (M7) were developed, followed by characterization by conducting multilocation trials over two seasons. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first six components accounted for 90.28% of the total variation among the plant height, tillers per plant, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield, and quality traits. All mutants were grouped into three clusters based on high yield index values. The genotype by trait (GT) bi-plot revealed significant associations between yield and its components among the mutants. Positive correlations were estimated for tillers per plant, plant height, 1000-kernel weight, and grain yield; however, yield components showed negative associations with protein, moisture, and gluten contents. The mutant lines Pb-M-59 waxy, Pb-M-1272 waxy, Pb-M-2260, Pb-M-1027 waxy, Pb-M-1323 waxy, and Pb-M-1854 exhibited maximum grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and tillers per plant values. Likewise, Pb-M-2725, Pb-M-2550, and Pb-M-2728 were found to be the best mutant lines in terms of grain quality; thus, the use of gamma radiation is effective in improving the desirable traits, including yield and grain quality. It is suggested that these traits can be improved beyond the performance of corresponding traits in their parent genotypes. The newly produced mutants can also be used to explore the genetic mechanisms of complex traits in the future.

scholarly journals New wheat genotypes tolerant to aluminum toxicity obtained by mutation induction

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto Tulmann Neto ◽  
Marcelo Correa Alves ◽  
Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Camargo ◽  
Jairo Lopes de Castro ◽  
Wilson Penteado Ferreira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Mutant Lines

Seed from the sensitive wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) cultivar Anahuac was treated to gamma-ray irradiation and eleven Al3+ tolerant mutants selected. The objective was to compare these mutants to the original Anahuac and to the tolerant wheat cultivars IAC-24 and IAC-60 from 1994 to 1996 in acid (Capão Bonito) and limed (Monte Alegre do Sul) soil field trials, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Grain yield and agronomic characteristics were analyzed. All the mutant lines yielded higher than the sensitive Anahuac cultivar in the acid soils of Capão Bonito. Under limed soil conditions, 10 mutants had a similar yield to the original sensitive cultivar and one a lower yield. The majority of the mutants were similar in yield to the tolerant cultivars IAC-24 and IAC-60 under both conditions. Some of the mutants showed altered agronomic characteristics, but these alterations did not generally influence the grain yield. The results indicated that tolerant lines with good characteristics may be obtained from a susceptible cultivar by mutation induction, thus allowing cropping under conditions where Al3 + is a limiting factor.

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