:
In recent years, the development of Assisted Reproductive Technique, the egg and embryo donation
changed substantially the role of the uterus in recent years. It provided a higher chance for a pregnancy even in
women over 45 years or post-menopause. In fact, the number of aged patients and in peri/post-menopause in
pregnancy is nowadays increasing, but it increases obstetrical and neonatal related problems. The human uterus is
richly innervated and modified especially during pregnancy and labor, and it is endowed with different sensory,
parasympathetic, sympathetic and peptidergic neurofibers. They are differently distributed in uterine fundus, body
and cervix, and they are mainly observed in the stroma and around arterial vessel walls in the myometrial and
endometrial layers. Many neurotransmitters playing important roles in reproductive physiology are released after
stimulation by adrenergic or cholinergic nerve fibers (the so called sympathetic/parasympathetic co-transmission).
Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the localization and quantitative distribution of neurofibers in the
fundus, the body and cervix of young women of childbearing age.
:
Adrenergic and cholinergic effects of the autonomous nervous system are the most implicated in the uterine functionality.
In such aged women, the Adrenergic and AChE neurofibers distribution in the fundus, body and cervix
is progressively reduced by increasing age. Adrenergic and AChE neurotransmitters were closely associated with
the uterine arteries and myometrial smooth muscles, and they reduced markedly by ageing. The Adrenergic and
AChE neurofibers decreasing has a dramatical and negative impact on uterine physiology, as the reduction of
pregnancy chance and uterine growth, and the increase of abortion risk and prematurity.
Evaluation of Antispasmodic Effect of Arcapillin on Smooth Muscles of Rats
