scholarly journals Predictors of under Five Years Old Diarrhoeal Disease in Mataniko Informal Settlements in Solomon Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Ambrose Gali ◽  
Masoud Mohammadnezhad ◽  
Sabiha Khan ◽  
John Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Diarrhoea remains a serious health problem among children under five years (U5y) in the world. Though diarrhoea is a preventable disease, U5y are often at high risk to diarrhoea infection. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictors of diarrhoeal disease among children U5y, in Mataniko informal settlements, in Honiara, Solomon Islands. METHODS: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted at three out of the six randomly selected Mataniko informal settlements situated along the Mataniko River corridor, in Honiara, Solomon Islands. Caregivers with children U5y were included in this study. A total of 205 caregivers being interviewed using a pre-tested survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, followed by binary logistic regression to explore the relationship between the investigated variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that 45.9% of all caregivers had reported that their U5y children had suffered with at least one episode of diarrhoea within the last 2 weeks prior to the study. Age of children, number of U5y children per caregiver, and fortnightly income level below $1500 (SBD) were significantly associated with under-five diarrhoea (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed different factors which were associated with U5y diarrhoea in Solomon Islands. To address these exposures, relevant programmes and preventive strategies should be considered.

POLA ASUH ORANGTUA TERHADAP TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN PERSONAL HYGIENE CUCI TANGAN DAN GOSOK GIGI PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Dina Dewi Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT   The study aims todetermine the relationship between parenting style and the level of independence of Personal Hygiene Hand Wasting and Tooth Brush in Preschoolers in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora in 2019. The study is a quantitative study, based on the research location including the type of field reseaerch, based on the ansence of the treatment of subjects including survey research, based on time is a cross sectional study, and based on objectives includin correlation analytics. The population in this study were all parents in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora as many as 85 respondents. Based on the sample calculation, the sample obtained in this study that most parent in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora amounted to 70 respondents. Srearmen’s rho test analysis results parenting parents with the level of independence of personal hygiene hand wasting result obtained p value = 0,000 < α (0,05), and parenting patters with the independence of personal hygiene tooth brush obtained results p value = 0,000 < α (0,05). So it can be concluded that were is a significant relationship between parenting parents with the level of independence of personal hygiene washing hands and brushing their tooth at preschoolers in Kindergarten Negeri Pembina Blora in 2019. Keywords: parenting; personal hygiene, preschool ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pola Asuh Orangtua Terhadap Tingkat Kemandirian Personal Hygiene Cuci Tangan dan Gogok Gigi pada Anak Prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Blora Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, berdasarkan tempat penelitian termasuk jenis penelitian lapangan, berdasarkan tidak adanya perlakuan terhadap subjek termasuk penelitian survey, berdasarkan waktu merupakan penelitian cross sectional, dan berdasarkan tujuan termasuk analitik korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orangtua di TK Negeri Pembina Blora sebanyak 85 responden. Berdasarkan perhitungan sampel  maka diperoleh sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebagian orangtua di TK Negeri Pembina Blora sebanyak 70 responden. Hasil analisis uji spearmen’s rho pola asuh orangtua dengan tingkat kemandirian personal hygiene cuci tangan didapatkan hasil p value = 0,000 < α (0,05), dan pola asuh orangtua dengan kemandirian personal hygiene gosok gigi didapatkan hasil p value = 0,000 < α (0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan tingkat kemandirian personal hygiene cuci tangan dan gosok gigi pada anak prasekolah di TK Negeri Pembina Blora Tahun 2019. Kata kunci: pola asuh; personal hygiene; prasekolah

Is there a relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Erfan Ayubi ◽  
Saeid Bashirian ◽  
Ronak Hamzehei ◽  
Ensiyeh Jenabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression (PPD) is poorly understood and seldom studied. Objective: In an effort to explore this issue, the present study investigated the relationship between gestational diabetes and PPD. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed with 342 women who were referred to four urban health centers of Hamadan city, west of Iran. We used convenience sampling as a method to recruit women in each health center. We used a researcher-made checklist for gathering data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of PPD. The Persian validated version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess PPD. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]). Results: Gestational diabetes was identified as the most important risk factor for PPD with OR (95% CI) of 2.19 (1.11, 4.31); P-value=0.02 after adjusting for other variables. Moreover, the adjusted odds ratio showed that PPD among lesseducated women (primary school) was 3.5 times higher compared to women with a university education (OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.27, 9.84; P-value=0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that PPD is more likely among women with gestational diabetes and those who were less educated. Interventional and educational activities for reducing the risk of PPD can be targeted for use with this population.

scholarly journals Correlation of Ship Sanitation with Cockroach Density in Kendari Port Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Sriwani Supardin
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

Ship sanitation is an indicator of vessel cleanliness, vector control in 2017 no high-risk vessels were found, in 2018 there were 7 high-risk vessels and in 2019 there were 15 high-risk vessels. This study aims to determine the relationship between kitchen sanitation, food raft space and warehouse with cockroach density on ships in the Kendari port area. This type of research is an observational, Cross-Sectional Study design. The population is all ships berthed in the Kendari port area as many as 41 ships and a sample of 37 vessels taken by purposive sampling. Data analysis used fisher's exact test. The results showed that of the 37 ships, the highest density of cockroaches met the requirements (75.7%), the rest did not meet the requirements (24.3%). The kitchen sanitation met the requirements (75.7%), the rest did not meet the requirements (24.3%), then the food raft room sanitation met the requirements (83.8%) and did not meet the requirements (16.2%). Furthermore, warehouse sanitation fulfills the requirements (62.2%) and does not meet the requirements (37.8%). The results of Fisher's exact test obtained p value (0,000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between kitchen sanitation, food raft space and warehouse with cockroach density on ships in the Kendari port area. Suggestions for the KKP to establish policies to prevent cockroach development.

scholarly journals Hubungan Pengetahuan, Keadaan Sosial Ekonomi Dan Tindakan Dengan Penanganan Sampah Rumah Tangga Di RT 01/RW 05 Kelurahan Klabulu Kota Sorong

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Febry Talakua
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Garbage is one of the environmental problems that has long been a concern of the world and needs serious handling so as not to cause harmful impacts. The large pile of garbage will hurt health, the environment, and socio-economic. In Klabulu Village, some people use vacant land or roadside as a garbage dump. If household waste is not handled properly, during the rainy season the waste will be carried away by water and enter the ditch resulting in flooding. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, socio-economic conditions, and actions for handling household waste in RT 01/RW 05, Klabulu Village, Sorong City. This type of research was quantitative with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted in RT 01/RW 05, Klabulu Village, Sorong City in July-August 2020. The population of the study was 50 families. The sample was the head of the family as many as 50 people taken by total sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a confidence level of 0.05. The results showed that knowledge p-value 0.029

scholarly journals Assessment of General Populations Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions Toward the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cross-Sectional Study From Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadullah Khattak ◽  
Maqbool Khan ◽  
Tahir Usman ◽  
Johar Ali ◽  
Dong-Xing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
General Populations

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health threat and caused a universal psychosocial impact on the general population. Therefore, the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions (KAPs) of the general population are critical for the development and effective implementation of standard operating procedures (SOP) to contain the contagion and minimize the losses. Therefore, the current study was conducted to understand and evaluate the KAPs of Pakistani populations toward the COVID-19.Methods: An online cross-sectional study was carried out among participants from 1 May to 30 July 2020 in different areas of Pakistan. The respondents of the study were the general population with age ≥ 18 years. The poll URL was posted on several channels after a call for participation. Other social media platforms such as WeChat, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Messenger, and LinkedIn were engaged to maximize general population engagement. The questionnaire included details about sociodemographic, knowledge about COVID-19, perceptions toward universal safety precautions of COVID-19, and beliefs attitude toward the COVID-19. The obtained data were exported into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and SPSS software version 21 for windows. The descriptive statistics values were presented in frequencies and percentages. Binary logistic regression, Chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA were applied to analyze the participants' socio-demographic characteristics and variables related to KAPs. P-value &lt; 0.05 was recorded as significant.Results: A total of 1,000 participants were invited of which 734 participated in this study. The response rate was 73.4% (734/1,000). The gender, marital status, education, and residence showed a significant association with the knowledge score. The majority of the study participants were thinking that COVID-19 may be more dangerous in elderly individuals 94.5% (n = 700), and individuals with chronic diseases or severe complications 96.7% (n = 710) (p = 0.00). More than half of the participants 52.5% (n = 385) showed their concern that either they or their family members might get the infection. More than 98% (n = 703), (P-value = 0.00) of the participants held that COVID-19 would be successfully controlled in Pakistan by following the standard SOPs and government guidelines.Conclusion: This study showed that the general population of Pakistan has good awareness and reasonable attitudes and perceptions toward the full features of the COVID-19. The current study suggests that mass-level effective health education programs are necessary for developing countries to improve and limit the gap between KAP toward COVID-19.

Evaluation of Relationship between Mesiodistal Width of Permanent Canines and Premolars with Permanent Lower First Molars and Incisors for Space Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Yazdani ◽  
Nasim Esnaashari ◽  
Mehdi Rafie ◽  
Negah Bazghaleh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prediction Formula ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dental Cast ◽  
Digital Caliper

Introduction: One of the simplest methods to predict mesiodistal width of permanent canines and premolars is using Tanaka and Johnston’s prediction formula; however, dental size varies according to race. The study aimed to examine the relationship between incisors mesiodistal width and mandibular first molar’s with mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars and to determine the reliability of Tanaka and Johnston prediction formula. Materials & Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 200 pairs of a dental cast of 12-25 years old were selected and the greatest mesiodistal width of canines and premolars crown in each jaw and incisors and mandibular first molars were measured with a digital caliper with 0.01 resolution. Data were analyzed using regression analysis, t-test (p value < 0.05). Results: There was a significant statistical difference between actual width and Tanaka and Johnston prediction formula in the group under study (p value < 0.001). Moreover, a new linear equation for the prediction of mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars based on mesiodistal width of lower incisors and mandibular first molars was developed using regression analysis. Conclusion: In statistical terms, Tanaka and Johnston’s prediction formula is not applicable for the population under study because maxillary estimated measures were a little high and mandibular estimated measures were a little low.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KONDISI OVERCROWDED DENGAN KETEPATAN PELAKSANAAN TRIASE DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT RSU GMIM PANCARAN KASIH MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vianthy Kundiman ◽  
Lucky Kumaat ◽  
Maykel Kiling
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Triage is a patient sorting activity based on the severity of trauma or illness that iscarried out immediately in a short time. Overcrowded conditions by patients in the ED due tothe incompatibility of patients with the number of overcrowded nurses have an impact on theaccuracy implementation of triage in patients aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality.Thepurpose was to identify the relationship of overcrowded conditions and the accuracyimplementation of triage at ED of Pancaran Kasih GMIM Hospital Manado. The design studyis analytic survey with cross sectional.Samples 105 respondents with a Non Probabilitysampling technique namely Consecutive sampling. Results used the Chi square test with asignificance level of 95% so that the value of p value is 0,000 smaller than the significant valueof 0.05.Conclusion there is a relationship of overcrowded conditions and the accuracyimplementation of the truage at Emergency Department of Pancaran Kasih GMIM HospitalManado..Keywords: Triage, Overcrowded, AccuracyAbstrak: Triase merupakan kegiatan pemilahan pasien berdasarkan berat dan ringannya traumaatau penyakit yang diderita yang dilakukan segera dalam waktu yang singkat. Kondisiovercrowded oleh pasien di IGD disebabkan karena tidak sesuainya jumlah pasien denganjumlah perawat Overcrowded berdampak pada ketepatan pelaksanaan triase pada pasien yangbertujuan menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubunganantara kondisi overcrowded dengan ketepatan pelaksanaan triase di IGD RSU GMIM PancaranKasih Manado. Metode menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel terdiridari 105 responden dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel Non Probability sampling yaituConsecutive sampling. Hasil menggunakan uji Chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 95%sehingga didapatkan nilai p value yaitu 0,000 lebih kecil dari nilai signifikan 0,05. Kesimpulanterdapat hubungan antara kondisi overcrowded dengan ketepatan pelaksanaan triase di IGDRSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado.Kata Kunci: Triase, Overcrowded, Ketepatan

scholarly journals Facebook usage and risk of poor social capital

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Thanh Van Ly
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Network Site ◽  
Facebook Usage ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, researchers have shown an increased interest in the relationship between Social Network Site (SNS) and Social Capital (SC) [1]–[3]. However, there have been no studies which compare differences in risk of poor social capital of SNS users. This paper will focus on the relationship between three features of Facebook usage (online time, friends and emotion) and risk of poor SC. In addition, this paper will also examine the relationship between measure of cognitive “important of social capital” and risk of poor SC. This cross-sectional study collected 288 survey of Vietnamese Facebook users, who were conventional sampled. We classified users into two groups poor SC and rich SC based on median. Other variables such as Online time, Friends, Emotion and Cognitive were classified into two groups based on median values. We compared risk of poor SC for each group. Group A1 (friends ≤ 200) ratio of poor SC was 13.55% larger than group B1 (friends > 200). Risk ratio A1:B1 was 1.27 (63.1% vs 48.6%; 95% CI: 1.02— 1.59) and proportion test ratio poor of SC A1 greater than ratio poor of SC B1 was P-value = 0.017. Group A2 (daily online time ≤ 30 minutes) ratio of poor SC was 9.08% larger than group B2 (daily online time > 30 minutes). Risk ratio A2:B2 was 1.17 (62.9% vs 50.8%; 95% CI: 0.95—1.53) and proportion test ratio of poor SC A2 > B2 was P-value = 0.08. Group A3 (average emotion ≤ 3.17) ratio of poor SC was 27.4% larger than group B3 (average emotion > 3.17). Risk ratio A3:B3 was 1.62 (70.7% vs 43.6%; 95% CI: 1.3—2.02) and proportion test ratio of poor SC A3 > B3 was P-value < 0.001. Group A4 (average cognitive ≤ 3.75) ratio of poor SC was 26.91% larger than group B4 (average cognitive > 3.75). Risk ratio A4:B4 was 1.6 (72.1% vs 44.6%; 95% CI: 1.30— 1.96) and proportion test ratio of poor SC A4 < B4 was P-value < 0.001. Emotion of Facebook activity and cognitive “important of social capital” may reduce ratio of poor SC of users. Individuals should focus to these factors to gain SC (one factor based on SNS and one factor none related SNS). It seems that online time and number of Facebook friends have a little benefit for users.

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