scholarly journals Impact of Health and Literacy on Economic Growth in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Seddik BENNACEUR ◽  
Boujemâa ACHCHAB
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Healthy Work ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The objective of our work is to verify the impact of the improvement of health conditions and literacy on economic growth in Morocco during the period between 1980 and 2018. We based ourselves on the work of (Mankiw et al., 1992), in which they studied the impact of human capital on economic growth by integrating it as a component in the Solow model. The data we have used mainly comes from the High Commission for Planning and the World Bank. The observation that we have made is that the composite health and literacy index that we have developed has no significant impact on the growth of GDP per capita in Morocco during the period studied, which means that the literate and healthy work force does not have the expected effect on economic growth in Morocco. Thus, to be able to take advantage of its qualified and educated workforce, we suggest that the Moroccan authorities should encourage investments in sectors of activity that require this kind of workforce, because the study of the current market situation of employment in Morocco has shown that the agricultural sector and the informal sector have a significant share in the national GDP, but recruit an illiterate or low-skilled workforce.

scholarly journals Do Democratic Economies Grow Faster? The Case of Asia vs. the EU

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Barrows
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The dynamics of the five fastest growing GDP per capita economies in Asia and the EU are studied between 2010 and 2014. This time frame was selected in order to avoid the height of the 2008-2009 financial crisis, but to include the stimulus and recovery periods which occurred afterward. The intent was not to compare the recoveries or the impact of the stimulus programs. The intent was to compare the economic growth rates of the two groups and also the absolute per capita income along with five topic areas on economies including: configuration, utilization, investments, demographics, and outcomes. A total of twenty measurements are used for assessment from the World Bank databank website. The findings are that the Asian economies grew faster while the EU economies had a higher per capita income. The workforces of the Asia economies are also younger and more flexible whereas the workforces of the EU economies are older, but more educated. Discussions include the links between effective governments and economic development and the links between democracy and economic levels.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Environmental Pollution on Economic Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Olga Kudryavtseva ◽  
E. . Ivanov ◽  
D. . Kolesnik ◽  
E. . Matveev ◽  
S. . Pechenkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The work is devoted to testing the hypothesis of the existence of an inverted U-shaped dependence of economic growth on the level of environmental pollution, which was based on the concept of the ecological curve of Kuznets. The authors, using econometric methods and data from the World Bank, show that the hypothesis is correct: there is a turning point between the positive and negative nature of the dependence of economic growth on the level of CO2 emissions. The hypothesis is confirmed for low- and middle-income countries, and the dependence is linear negative for countries with a high level of income. Based on the results, the authors formulate recommendations on environmental regulation in accordance with the level of the country's economic development.

scholarly journals Does the “Belt and Road Initiative” Promote the Economic Growth of Participating Countries?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Belt And Road

With the slowdown of global economic growth, how to stimulate economic growth has become a hot topic in recent years. The “Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative,” as a newly proposed global economic stimulus plan, has attracted widespread attention from scholars. In this study, the research used the propensity score matching difference in difference (PSM-DID) method to evaluate whether the “B&R” Initiative has promoted the economic growth of the countries along the route. Objectively assessing the effect of its implementation is not only important for its completion and improvement in the future but also to verify whether the “B&R” Initiative promotes economic growth in participating countries. A logistic regression is constructed using the statistical data obtained by the World Bank on 110 countries from 2011 to 2016. The results show that the “B&R” Initiative has effectively promoted the rapid growth of the GDP of participating countries but the improvement of per capita GDP growth is not significant. Through the analysis of the selected variables, corresponding policy recommendations are proposed. Moreover, objective proofs are provided to encourage all the countries in the world to participate in the “B&R” Initiative.

scholarly journals Wpływ międzynarodowych instytucji finansowych na sytuację gospodarczą krajów najsłabiej rozwiniętych

2019 ◽  
Vol 19(34) (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Jakub Kraciuk
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

The aim of the study was to show the impact of the activities of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank on the economic situation of the least developed countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It was found that the operation of these organizations in accordance with the principles of the Washington consensus did not bring the expected results, and the credit aid of IMF and World Bank increased debt, but did not contribute to a significant GDP growth per capita in the analyzed countries. Therefore, it is necessary to change the rules of operation of international financial institutions towards least developed countries. The proposed adjustment programs are to generate economic growth, which will be subordinated to the needs of societies, and the choice of economic and social policy options should be adapted to the conditions of a given country.

scholarly journals The Impact of Health Expenditure on Economic Growth in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Merizek Admane ◽  
Samiha Slimani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growth Indicator

The present study aims to investigate the impact of health expenditure on economic growth in Algeria for the period 1960-2016. Using data from the World Bank database, the Autoregressive Vector model and Granger causality, findings show that health expenditure positively affects economic growth in the short term; which means that the study’s hypothesis is proved. The results therefore reveal the increasing importance of investment in the health sector in order to improve economic growth indicator in Algeria.

scholarly journals Corruption Et Croissance Économique Une Approche Économétrique Sur Les Données De l’Algérie

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becherair Omrane
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Financial System

The study of corruption is now a serious subject in the development discourse. Wolfensohn, the former president of the World Bank argues that corruption has become "the largest single inhibitor of equitable economic development." Moreover effects of corruption extended to all countries, Nobel Prize –winning economist Amartya Sen wrote in 2009 that lack of transparency in the global financial system was among the main factors contributing to the financial crisis that began in 2008. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of corruption on economic growth and importance of the transmission channels in Algeria for the period of 2001- 2012. Based on the empirical framework, In our ordinary least squares estimations, we find that, the significant and negative effect of corruption on investment and public spending. The Results indicate also the negative and significant relationship between corruption and economic growth in Algeria.

scholarly journals WTO आणि ग्रामीण विकासात कृषी

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAKSHIT MADAN BAGDE
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Bank ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

By signing the WTO Agreement on January 1, 1995, India incorporated the agricultural sector into the process of globalization. In this regard, a secret agreement was reached between India and the United States on December 16, 1999, and India had to lift the numerical restrictions on its protected 715 agricultural commodities. The concept of globalization has been realized through the GATT Agreement, the Dunkel Proposal, the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the World Bank. Since the rules of TRIPS apply to living things, patents can be proposed for genes, cells, seeds, plants, and animals. According to the "Structural Adjustment Program" launched by the World Trade Organization (WTO), the policy pursued by the Government of India is detrimental to rural agriculture. In 1920.21, the per capita cultivable area has decreased from 1.11 acres to only 0.32 acres per capita, while the share of the non-agricultural area has increased from 196.6 lakh hectares to 244.8 hectares. This has a clear effect on the overall agricultural production.

The Bretton Woods Institutions and Economic Reform in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeoye O. Akinola
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Bank ◽  
African Country ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions ◽  
The Impact

The activities of International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (together comprising the Bretton Woods Institutions) in Africa have continued to generate questions about the impact of economic reforms on democratization and economic growth. The Bretton Woods Institutions strongly believe that economic growth contributes significantly to poverty alleviation efforts and hence generates improvements in living standards, particularly in developing countries, including those in Africa. In the mid-1980s, as many African countries struggled to service their external debts and qualify for additional credit to provide services to their citizens and promote economic growth and development, the World Bank and the IMF offered to help them. However, the Bretton Woods Institutions conditioned their assistance on the willingness of each African country to undertake necessary structural reforms, which included a reduction in the public sector, devaluation of the national currency, deregulation of the foreign trade sector, and more reliance on markets for the allocation of resources. These aid programs, which came to be known as Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) consisted of conditional lending to African countries in economic crisis. At this time, the World Bank felt that the effectiveness of its development programs in Africa and other regions of the world was being undermined by bloated and dysfunctional bureaucratic structures and governmental systems that were hostile to the market generally and entrepreneurship in particular. The World Bank’s desire to condition the extension of credit to African countries on institutional reforms was supposedly to improve bureaucratic efficiency, as well as economic performance, and enhance the effectiveness of the World Bank’s projects in these countries. Thus, the IMF and the World Bank emerged in the 1990s as major players in efforts to improve economic growth and development in Africa. The SAPs were expected to improve macroeconomic performance, produce rapid economic growth, achieve economic diversification, and provide each African country with the resources that it needed to confront poverty and improve national living standards. In fact, in 1994, the World Bank expressed a lot of optimism about the impact of SAPs on African economies. However, many critics have argued that SAPs had virtually no positive impact on the macroeconomic performance of African economies and, instead, created a series of internal political and economic contradictions that have continued to haunt the continent to this day. As a result, critics say, many countries that implemented SAPs continue to suffer from high levels of poverty and became more dependent on external financial resources (such as loans, development aid, and food aid) than before they got involved with the Bretton Woods Institutions and their adjustment programs.

scholarly journals DAMPAK HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN TERHADAP PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN RUMAHTANGGA SEKITAR HUTAN DI KECAMATAN BATUKLIANG UTARA KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Addinul Yakin ◽  
Sukardi Malik ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Syarif Husni
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The North ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRAK Kawasan pegunungan Rinjani, khususnya resort Setiling Batukliang Utara Kabupaten Lombok Tengah memiliki fungsi biologi, ekologis, dan estetika serta sosial-ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar hutan. Deforestrasi sering dikaitkan dengan tingkat kemiskinan masyarakat sekitar hutan, sehingga dengan diberikannya Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) di wilayah tersebut dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat dan menekan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-eksploratif-partisipatif dengan mengkombinasikan studi dokumen, wawancara terstruktur, indepth interview, serta diskusi kelompok terarah (FGD) terbatas. Penelitian dilakukan desa Aik Berik dan Desa Setiling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 40 orang, dengan juga melibatkan tokoh masyarakat di wilayah tersebut. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisa secara deskriptif analisis pendapatan rumahtangga dan pendapatan per kapita yang kemudian digunakan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat berdasarkan tiga standar yang berbeda, yaitu Sajogyo, BPS, dan Bank Dunia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa: 1) rata-rata total pendapatan rumahtangga masyarakat sekitar hutan mencapai Rp. 20.057.950 yang terdiri dari Rp. 13.597.950 (67,79%) dari sektor pertanian  dan Rp. 6.460.000 (32,21%) dari sektor non pertanian dengan pendapatan per kapita sebesar Rp. 4.667.549,- per tahun; 2) berdasarkan kriteria BPS, masyarakat sekitar hutan di kecamatan Batukliang Utara masuk kategori tidak miskin, selanjutnya berdasarkan kriteria Sayogyo menghasilkan kategori hampir miskin, dan Kriteria bank Dunia manghasilkan kategori miskin, sehingga ketiganya memberikan tingkat kesejahteraan yang relatif berbeda; 3) Adanya Hkm telah mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan karena mampu meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita masyarakat sebesar 22,18 persen dan telah mampu mengentaskan kemiskinan 7,5 sampai 22,5 persen. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar perbaikan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan harus dipercepat melalui pola pembinaan dan pengembangan pada bidang-bidang usaha yang menjadi kekuatan utama mereka yaitu kehutanan, peternakan, dan perkebunan serta juga mendorong peningkatan kegiatan perdagangan dan ekonomi produktif skala rumahtangga. ABSTRACT The Rinjani mountain region, especially the North Batukliang Setiling resort of Central Lombok district holds  functions biological, ecological, and aesthetical and socio-economic functions for the community near the forest. Deforestation is often associated with the level of poverty of the community near the forest, so that introduction of  the Community Forest (HKm) in the region may increase people's income and reduce poverty. This research has been carried out using a descriptive-exploratory-participatory method by combining document studies, structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and limited focus group discussions. The research was conducted at the villages of Aik Berik and Setiling with 40 respondents, as well as community leaders in the area. The collected data was analyzed descriptively by analysis of household income and per capita income which was then used to analyze the level of community welfare based on three different standards, namely Sajogyo, BPS, and the World Bank. The results of the study show that: 1) the average total household income of the community near the forest reaches Rp. 20,057,950 consisting of Rp. 13,597,950 (67.79%) from the agricultural sector and Rp. 6,460,000 (32.21%) from the non-agricultural sector with a per capita income of Rp. 4,667,549, - per year; 2) based on BPS criteria, the community around the forest in the North Batukliang sub-district is categorized as not poor, then based on the Sayogyo criteria produces an almost poor category, and the World Bank Criteria produce a poor category, so the three provide relatively different levels of welfare; 3) The presence of Hkm has been able to improve the welfare of the community near the forest because it is able to increase the per capita income of the community by 22.18 percent and has been able to alleviate poverty 7.5 to 22.5 percent. Therefore, it is suggested that the economic improvement of the community near the forest should be accelerated through policy interventions  in business sectors which are on their main strengths, namely forestry, livestock, and plantations, as well as in non agricutural sector such as trade and other economic activities (such as  home agroindustry).

Solow economy model

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Synenko ◽  
Kateryna Yarema ◽  
Yuliia Bezsmertna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Accelerated Depreciation ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Model Algorithm

The subject of the research is the approach to the possibility of using the Solow model to perform the regression analysis on the example of the Ukrainian economy model. The purpose of writing this article is to investigate the notion of regres- sion analysis, Solow’s economy model, algorithm for performing regression analy- sis on the example of Ukraine’s economy model. This model can be adapted for the economy of enterprises. Methodology. The research methodology is system-struc- tural and comparative analyzes (to study the structure of GDP); monograph (when studying methods of regression analysis on the example of the Ukrainian economy); economic analysis (when assessing the impact of factors on Ukraine’s GDP). The scientific novelty consists the features of the use of the Solow model on the ex- ample of Ukrainian economy are determined. An algorithm for calculating the basic parameters of a model using the Excel application package is disclosed. The main recommendations on the development of the national economy and economic growth through the use of macroeconomic instruments are given. Conclusions. The use of the Solow model enables forecasting and analysis. The results obtained re- vealed the problem of low resource return of capital as a resource, along with the means of macroeconomic regulation of the investment process, using which can improve the situation. A special place in these funds belongs to the accelerated depreciation and interest rate policies.

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