scholarly journals Determining the Lithium and Calcium Concentrations in Canned Tuna Fish in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Mona Daraei ◽  
Heibatullah Kalantari ◽  
Zahra Nazari Khoragani
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Backgrounds and aims: Nutrition is the main way to receive the trace elements that human body needs. Lithium (Li) and calcium (Ca) are two trace elements, which have important roles in human body. There are a few studies about the amounts of calcium and lithium in canned tuna fish. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of calcium and lithium in canned tuna fishes. Materials and Methods: To this aim, 150 samples of canned tuna fishes from two well-known brands (Majid and Poolak), marketed in Khuzestan province of Iran, were obtained. Li contents of the samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with atomization in graphite furnace. Ca contents of the samples were measured by AAS using nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. Results: The mean concentrations of calcium in canned tuna fish of Majid and Poolak brands were 448.47 and 398.22 mg/kg, respectively. Additionally, the mean concentrations of lithium in canned tuna fish of Majid and Poolak brands were 38.42 and 39.67 mg/kg, respectively. The mean concentration of calcium in the investigated canned tuna samples fish was lower than provisional tolerable intake (PTI) per day (1000 ppm) set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, the mean concentration of lithium in the studied canned tuna fish samples was higher than PTI/day (0.650- 3.1 ppm) Set by EPA. Conclusion: The results of current study showed that the marine food industries need a more-precise and serious monitoring by public health organizations. Additionally, protecting the marine environment from pollutions is an obligation that needs the attention of related organizations and authorities. 

scholarly journals Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Brackish Water Fish in the River Niger, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Unyimadu ◽  
Oladele Osibanjo ◽  
Joshua O. Babayemi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
River Niger ◽  
Brackish Water Fish

Background. Anthropogenic polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aquatic environments poses human and ecological health risks in Nigeria. Objectives . This study determined the concentrations of PCBs in brackish water fish in the River Niger to assess the contamination status of fish consumed by the local population. Methods . The sampled fish species included Drepane africana, Mochokus niloticus, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, Pristipoma jubelini, Vomer septapinis, Pseudotolithus senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Pseudotolithus elongatus, Sphyraena piscatorum and Lutjanus goreensis, purchased from landing sites. Six fish from each species were sampled, for a total of 60 samples. Twenty-seven (27) PCB congeners, #8, #18 #28, #44, #52, #60, #77, #81, #101, #105, #114, #118, #123, #126, #128, #138, #153, #156, #157, #167, #169, #170, #180, #185, #189, #195, and #206 were screened in the fish samples using standard methods. The PCBs were identified and quantified using gas chromatography (GC) (Hewlett Packard GC 5890 series 11 with electron capture detector). Confirmation was performed using Shimadzu GCMS QP2010. Results. The sum of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Agency (ΣNOAA) PCBs occurred at the highest concentration of 1830.0±484.0 μg/kg detected in Vomer septapinis, and the lowest in Pseudotolithus senegalensis, with a mean concentration of 795±169.3 μg/kg. The concentration of dioxin-like (DL) PCBs was highest in Pristipoma jubelini (992.0±88.6 μg/kg) and lowest (285.6±81.5 μg/kg) in Drepane africana. The highest mean concentration (418.±177.6 μg/kg) of International Council for the Exploration of the Seas-7 (ICES-7) PCBs was observed in Vomer septapinis. The heavier ICES-7 congeners PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180 occurred at higher concentrations compared to the lighter molecular weight ICES-7: PCB-28, PCB-52, and PCB-101. The European Union (EU) marker PCB limit of 335 μg/kg was exceeded in all the brackish water fishes with the exception of Mochokus niloticus, Pristipoma jubelini and Pseudotolithus senegalensis. Discussion . The total level of PCBs in the brackish fish samples was relatively high at >1000 μg/kg (above the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) guideline of 1000 μg/kg fresh weight). The EU guideline value for fish (220 μg/kg fresh weight) was exceeded in about 80% of the brackish fish samples studied. Conclusions. Consumption of fish from the River Niger may expose humans to polychlorinated biphenyls. In addition, since contamination of the fish samples is an indication of river contamination, river water quality is of great concern and there is a need for additional PCB data on water quality to be distributed to the community, followed by mitigation measures. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Determination of Heavy Metals in Damascus Drinking Water Using Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.H. Bakraji ◽  
J. Karajo
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
World Health ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and chemical preconcentration have been applied for multi-elemental analysis of Damascus drinking water. Water was taken directly from taps of several city sectors and analyzed for the following trace elements: Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se and Pb. The detection limits were found to be in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 µg/L. The mean levels of trace elements in the Damascus drinking water were below the World Health Organization drinking water quality guidelines.

scholarly journals Minerals and trace elements in total diets in The Netherlands

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Van Dokkum ◽  
R. H. De Vos ◽  
TH. Muys ◽  
J. A. Wesstra
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Market Basket ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

1. During a period of 2·5 years, every 3 months 221 different food items forming a ‘market basket’ were purchased, prepared and divided into twenty-three food-commodity groups. The ‘market basket’ was based on a study of the dietary intake of 18-year-old male, Dutch adolescents. In the (homogenized) food groups various minerals and trace elements were determined.2. The mean daily amounts of cadmium (21 μg), mercury (0·7 μg), lead (32 μg), tin (0·65 mg), arsenic (38 μg) and bromine (8 mg) in the diet of adolescents, as calculated from the concentrations analysed in the food groups, were all (well) below the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization acceptable daily intake (ADI) value (Codex Alimentarius Commission, 1984).3. The mean daily amounts of zinc (14 mg) and selenium (72 μg) seemed to be adequate compared with the Dutch recommendations, (Voedingsraad (Dutch Nutrition Council) 1986). The amounts of copper (mean value 1·5 mg/d) and iron (mean value 14 mg/d) in the total diet were marginal. Contents of calcium (1340 mg/d), magnesium (433 mg/d) and iodine (402 μg/d) were all well above the Dutch recommendations for male adolescents. Sodium intake, corresponding to 11 g sodium chloride/d, was higher than advised.4. It is concluded that the amounts of As, Br and toxic heavy metals in Dutch total-diet samples of male adolescents are of little concern as regards health aspects. Among the essential trace elements, Fe and Cu contents seem to be marginal. Some concern regarding the salt content is indicated.

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF RAINWATER BY PIXE TECHNIQUE

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
M. B. H. AL-BEDRI ◽  
I. J. ABDUL GHANI
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
World Health ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Trace And Toxic Metals ◽  
Mean Concentration

Analysis of trace and toxic metals in untreated rainwater has been carried out using nondestructive proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) in combination with pre-concentration technique. The pre-concentration technique used for this purpose was carried out by evaporation of the rainwater samples at 50°C under atmospheric pressure. Untreated rainwater samples were collected from 10 different locations across Baghdad city, Iraq. The mean concentration values of the elements ( Al, Ca, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, Rb and Sr ) in rainwater samples were determined simultaneously at the parts per billion (ppb) levels. The rainwater samples and certified reference materials (CRMs) were irradiated with 2.0 MeV proton beam from Van de Graaff accelerator. The accuracy of the results was proved by using certified reference materials (GSP-2). The results were compared with the published data, Iraqi standards (IRQ), European standards (EU), and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water quality. The purpose of this work was to obtain the total elemental compositions of rainwater in Iraq.

scholarly journals The concentration and health risk of potentially toxic elements in black and green tea—both bagged and loose-leaf

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Ali Heshmati ◽  
Freshteh Mehri ◽  
Javad Karami-Momtaz ◽  
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), among 160 samples of black and green tea—both bagged and loose-leaf—in Iran was determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). Besides, the transfer rate of PTEs from made tea into tea infusion was investigated, and the related health risk for consumers was assessed. According to the results, the content of the PTEs is dependent on the type of tea (black or green), the place of cultivation (Iran or India), and the supplied form (both bagged and loose-leaf). The concentration of Pb, Cd, and As in green tea was significantly lower than black tea (P-value < 0.05). On the other hand, the contents of Zn and Cu in green tea were higher than the corresponding values for black tea. The mean concentration of Pb, As, and Zn in bagged tea samples was significantly higher than those of loose-leaf tea, while the Cd and As levels in Iranian tea samples were significantly lower than the Indian samples. Generally speaking, the mean concentration of Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Cu were 0.59 ± 0.12, 0.12 ± 0.06, 0.16 ± 0.12, 14.23 ± 4.90, and 11.10 ± 2.49 mg kg?1, respectively. The mean transfer rates of Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Cu were 7.78, 6.29, 9.27, 12.91, and 13.08%, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and noncarcinogenic quotient (target hazard quotient [THQ]) due to the ingestion of PTEs besides the carcinogenic risk of As and Cd were considered as acceptable.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Pollution by PM10 and PM2.5 in Nawabshah City, Sindh, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3757-3761
Author(s):  
A. A. Siyal ◽  
S. R. Samo ◽  
Z. A. Siyal ◽  
K. C. Mukwana ◽  
S. A. Jiskani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City ◽  
Mean Concentration

Increased traffic density due to urbanization is a major cause of air quality deterioration. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) constitutes one of the most challenging issues in environmental research. This study was designed to assess PM10 and PM2.5 pollution at ten main locations in Nawabshah. Analysis of PM10 and PM2.5 pollution was carried randomly at different selected locations of the city. The highest concentration of PM10 was found at Mohini bazar (MB) and the highest concentration for PM2.5 was found at New Naka (NN). The mean concentration of PM10 was 78.3% higher than world health organization (WHO) standards and 35% than Pakistan’s National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS). The mean concentration of PM2.5 was 47.3% and 26.3% higher respectively. Mean concentrations of PM2.5 on day-2 and day-10 were found lower than those set by NEQS, while mean concentrations of PM10 on all days exceeded the WHO and NEQS standards indicating that the city was heavily polluted more with PM10 than with PM2.5. Re-suspension of dust particles due to traffic flow, open burning of unmanaged solid waste on the sides of the road and in the street, and improper handling of construction and demolition waste were identified as the main sources for PM pollution in the city. Exposure to higher levels of PM10 and PM2.5 can cause health problems. High levels of PM10 and PM2.5 are a call for the implementation of strict measures to control PM pollution at Nawabshah in order to protect public health and the environment.

scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration and histopathological profile of some commercial fish species at Makoko Slum Neighbourhood Environment, Lagos, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Simeon O. Ayoola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Water Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Potentially harmful substances such as pesticides, heavy metals, and hydro chemicals are often released into the aquatic environment. The objective of the present study was to assess the concentration of lead, copper, cadmium, chromium, and nickel in water samples from two different points (Mid-stream and downstream), also determine the levelsof Lead, Zinc, Manganese and copper in four commercially important fish species, Pseudotolithus senegalensis (croaker fish) and Ethmalosa fimbriata (bonga), Oreochromis mossambicus (Tilapia fish) and Bagrus bayad (silver catfish) from Makoko water body, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. Histopathological profile of the fish species selected was also examined. The results were compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) acceptable limit.The concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed using Perkin Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Pseudotholithus senegalensishad 3.01±0.02, 2.41±0.02, 3.48±0.01, 1.04±0.10 mg kg-1as the mean concentration of lead, zinc, manganese, and copper respectively, while E. fimbriatahad 1.06±0.02, 2.41±0.02, 4.14±0.01, 1.04±0.10 mg kg-1,O. mossambicushad 2.09±0.02, 3.11±0.04, 2.48±0.02, 0.62±0.01 mg kg-1and B. bayadhad 1.53±0.12, 3.61±0.05, 2.44±0.03, 0.66±0.01 mg kg-1 as the mean concentration of these metals in the tissues of these fishes. The concentrations of heavy metals were higher in the gills compared to other organs. The mean concentration of each heavy metal were varied significantly (p0.05) depending on the species of fish. In the histological analysis of the tissues, there was vacuolation of hepatocytes, inflammation, and necrosis. In the muscle, there was a mild lesion, necrosis, inflammation, and cellular degenerations. But the level of tissue and organ degeneration is more severe in the gills. The study showed that some levels of these metals were within the permissible recommended allowed limit for human consumption. It is concluded that Makoko Lagoon water body and fishes are heavily contaminated with heavy metals.

scholarly journals Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils from Wuhan, Central China

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ababo Tadesse ◽  
Tekleweini Gereslassie ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Xiaojun Tang ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Central China ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

This study aimed to determine the concentration levels, potential sources and ecological risks of eleven trace elements, namely Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Sb, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb, in the soil from Huangpi district, Wuhan, Central China. Soil samples were collected from eighteen sites at soil depths of 1–10 and 10–20 cm and analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer ICP-MS (Thermo X SERIES 2, Scientific and Innovative Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China). The recorded mean concentration of the elements were in a decreasing order of Fe > Co > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Cd > Sb > Zn > Hg. The mean concentration of trace elements, soil pH and total organic carbon (TOC) were higher at a soil depth of 1–10 cm. The obtained mean concentration of Cr, Co, As, Cd, Ni, Cu, Hg and Pb were above the soil background values of Wuhan and Hubei Province. The mean concentration values of Co, Ni and Cd, exceeded the recommended FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)/ISRIC (International Soil Reference and Information Centre) (2004) and WHO/FAO (2001) values. Pearson’s correlation analysis illustrated that there was a strong and significant correlation between trace elements, whereas, a weak positive and negative correlation between elements and soil properties (pH and TOC). The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) result indicated that the concentration of trace elements in Huangpi soil were originated from anthropogenic sources. Potential ecological risk index (RI) of this study revealed that there is a high ecological risk of trace elements in the soil. Enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of trace elements for this study indicated that the study area is strongly contaminated with Cd and Co. Generally, the finding of this research showed that Huangpi soil is contaminated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document