scholarly journals Removal of Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution by Bentonite Clay Applied in Soil in Leaching Columns

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Gilvanise Alves Tito ◽  
Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves ◽  
Hugo Orlando Carvallo Guerra ◽  
Josely Dantas Fernandes ◽  
Iêde de Brito Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Vertical Support ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Leaching Columns

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of bentonite applied in soil, on the removal of copper (Cu) from aqueous solutions, in leaching columns. The experiment was carried out at laboratory using leaching columns filled with 4 kg of soil mixed with bentonite according to treatments B0, B30, B60 and B90, that is, 0; 30; 60 and 90 t ha-1 of bentonite. Each leaching column (experimental unit) was constituted of a PVC tube, with 0.10m of diameter and 0.50m height sectioned in two 0.20 m rings (10-30 cm and 30-40 cm) and one, on the top, of 0.10 m high, reserved for a hydraulic head of 0.08 m. The columns were placed in a vertical support and saturated with distilled water by capillary ascension. Then percolation began, passing through the column five volumes of pores (initially four liters of water contaminated with 1000 mg of Cu and afterwards one liter of distilled water). Ten leached aliquots of 0.5 volume of pores were collected and stored in polypropylene flasks in a refrigerator for quantification of copper (Cu) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. At the end of the tests, the solid material contained in each ring was collected and the Cu concentration determinated. Increasing doses of bentonite increased Cu retention in soil; Cu was more retained in the surface layer in all treatments; there was no copper leaching from the columns with 60 and 90 t ha-1 of bentonite application, indicating that all copper was retained in the soil avoiding thus potential risks for groundwater contamination.

The Effect of Copper Ions on Clot Lysis Time in the Fibrinolytic Assay of Streptokinase

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
Alwin B. Bogert
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Borate Buffer ◽  
Fibrinolytic System ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Clot Lysis Time

SummaryExperiments were conducted to determine why different lots of Borate Buffer reagent affect the clot lysis times obtained in the fibrinolytic assay of Streptokinase. Minerals naturally occurring in distilled water were screened individually to determine their influence on lysis. Copper was found to have a very pronounced effect in this regard on the fibrinolytic system in that low levels reduce the lysis time and high levels increase it.

Use of Animal Proteins to Limit Leaching of Active Copper Ions Preservatives from Treated Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mazela ◽  
I. Polus-Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Spray Dried

Summary The concept of animal protein utilization aiming to reduce leaching of treatment salts from wood was tested and verified. Animal proteins in the form of spray-dried animal blood plasma were used as an addition to the water solution of fungicidal salt or included in the solution for soaking pre-treated wood. The wood was subjected to thermal treatment which caused protein denaturation, a process which changes the proteins' spatial conformation and reduces their solubility in water. Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) was treated with a water solution of copper sulfate using vacuum, vacuum-soaking and vacuum-pressure methods. The animal proteins were added to the treatment solutions or applied by soaking to samples pre-treated with the salt. After treatment, the samples were heated to 100°C. After suitable conditioning, the wood was subjected to leaching. The content of Cu2+ in the water extracts was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS).

scholarly journals The influence of organic modification on the structural and adsorptive properties of bentonite clay and its application for the removal of lead

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Stojiljkovic ◽  
M. Stamenkovic ◽  
D. Kostic ◽  
M. Miljkovic ◽  
B. Arsic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Surfactant ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Organic Modification ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

Organic modification of mineral clay using the monomer ethenyl acetate was performed. The exchange of inorganic interlayer clay cations was achieved using the cationic surfactant Genamine CTAC and Asepsol. Aiming to investigate the influence of organic modifications on adsorptive clay properties, dried composites of clay/ethenyl acetate, with different percentages of clay were soaked in distilled water. The influence of the temperature on the adsorptive properties of organoclays was also followed. The adsorptive properties of the obtained composites of organoclays with Luviskol, Carbopole and purine were investigated along with their capability for removing Pb2+ from water in charged systems.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extracts of Aloe vera and Geranium and Bioleaching Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pawlowska ◽  
Zygmunt Sadowski
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Chemolithotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Cut Leaves

Present work deals with synthesis of copper nanoparticles at the room temperature, using two aqueous extracts prepared from green and dry leaves of Aloe vera and Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens). Finely cut leaves were placed in the flask with the distilled water. The mixture was boiled for 15 min at the temperature of 60°C. After boiling, the mixture was centrifuged and pure extract was used for copper nanoparticles synthesis. The source of copper ions was leaching solution obtained from the bioleaching of copper shale (Kupferschiefier) using chemolithotrophic bacteria such as Acidithiobacillusfrerooxidans. The bioleaching procedure was performed in the column reactor.

scholarly journals SPORULATION IN DISTILLED WATER

1953 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan F. Powell ◽  
J. R. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Solid Material ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Sporulation Process ◽  
Number Of Cells

Spores are formed when vegetative cells of sporing aerobes are shaken with distilled water at 37°. These spores are derived from the small number of cells which survive lysis. The sporulation process involves increase and concentration of solid material in the cell, and is achieved at the expense of the products of lysis of 80 to 90 per cent of the resuspended cells.

scholarly journals Pós-colheita de hastes florais de cártamo colhidas em diferentes épocas e submetidas a diferentes soluções conservantes

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Janine Farias Menegaes ◽  
Henrique Fernando Lidório ◽  
Rogério Antonio Bellé ◽  
Sidinei José Lopes ◽  
Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero Backes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Preservative Solutions

The conservation of the cut flower stems aims to prolong durability, maintain the quality and reduce the losses after harvest, providing a greater period of lifespan and commercialization. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the quality and durability in post-harvest of fresh safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) flower stems harvested in different times and submitted to different preservative solutions. The experiment was conducted in entirely randomized design and, organized in 4x8 (four preservative solutions and eight harvest seasons) factorial scheme, with four repetitions, and each experimental unit consisting of five floral stems. The cultivation of floral stems of safflower occurred at Floriculture Sector and the harvest seasons of them were carried out in the beginning of flowering from the sowing performed in the first seasonal half: in winter, spring and summer of 2016, autumn, winter, spring and summer of 2017 and autumn of 2018. And, the preservative solutions were: distilled water (control); distilled water + sucrose 2%; distilled water + sodium hypochlorite 2% and distilled water + sucrose 2% + sodium hypochlorite 2%. The floral stems were evaluated in relation to quality notes, dehydration and absorption of preservative solutions. We observed that the floral stems of safflower presented shelf life in average of nine days, with absorption of solution in average of 0.021 mL day-1 g-1 of fresh mass and that the use of preservatives was not beneficial to conservation in post-harvest.

scholarly journals Mussel Shell and Waterworks Sludge as Sorbent Materials for the Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanim Awab ◽  
Thanalechumi Paramalinggam
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Mussel Shell ◽  
Sorbent Materials ◽  
Mussel Shells ◽  
Waterworks Sludge

Waterworks sludge generated from water treatment plants and mussel shells generated from the mussel cultivation industry contribute to the problem of solid waste in the environment. Reusing them as sorbent materials for the removal of heavy metals from water systems not only reduces the problem of solid waste management but also solves the problem of heavy metal pollution. In this study, the properties and capability of mussel shells (MS), waterworks sludge (AS), mussel shell-bentonite clay mixture (MSBC) and mussel shell-alum sludge mixture (MSAS) to remove copper from aqueous solutions were investigated. The bulk density, particle density, porosity and pH were determined to discern the physical properties of the sorbents. The addition of MS into BC and AS increased the sorption capability for Cu(II). The order of removal of copper ions by each sorbent was MSBC > MSAS > AS > BC which was established in 300-360 minutes. The maximum sorption capacities were in the range of 9.0-11.8 mg/g, with mixed sorbents exhibiting higher capacity. Kinetic studies showed that the pseudo second-order kinetics correlated well with experimental data. In addition, the removal of Cu(II) were well described by the Langmuir isotherm.

scholarly journals The effects of tryptophan and pyridoxine supplied orally to nursing piglets on weight loss and social behavior after weaning

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Lucas Pimentel Bonagurio ◽  
◽  
Leandro Dalcin Castilha ◽  
Tiago Junior Pasquetti ◽  
Cleiton Pagliari Sangali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
High Doses

This study evaluated the effect of oral supplementation with tryptophan (Trp) and pyridoxine (Pyr) on the growth performance and social behavior of suckling piglets before and after weaning. At day 14, six suckling piglets per sow were distributed into three treatments and allotted in a randomized block design, with eight replicates and two piglets per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of a Control - oral supplementation with L-alanine (1.70 g), D-glucose (1.74 g) and distilled water (3.44 mL); Trp - oral supplementation with Trp (3.5 g/d) and distilled water; and Trp + Pyr - oral supplementation with Trp (3.5 g/d) + Pyr (0.0095 g/d) and distilled water. Each treatment was supplied orally five times per day (2.5 mL each treatment), from 14 to 21 days old. Piglets were monitored continuously in the nursing phase for 24 h at 21, 28 and 33 days of age to assess the behavior (standing, lying, eating, socializing, sitting and drinking). Piglets receiving oral Trp + Pyr showed a decreased weight loss on the first day after weaning (P = 0.03). Performance was not affected (P > 0.05) by treatments in each studied period, such as in overall period (21 to 34 days) after weaning. Piglets receiving Trp supplementation visited the feeders more frequently from days 21 to 22 (P < 0.01) and from days 28 to 29 (P < 0.02), as well as in the overall period (P < 0.01). It is concluded that high doses of tryptophan with or without high doses of pyridoxine, supplied orally to nursing piglets, reduced the weight loss on the first day after weaning and increased the frequency of visits to the drinkers on the first day after weaning and also to the feeders, mainly from weaning until 7 days after.

scholarly journals Continuous copper leaching technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20218109
Author(s):  
L. I. Mukhortova ◽  
O. E. Nasakin ◽  
A. V. Eremkin ◽  
I. V. Glushkov
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Fine Copper

The parameters of the continuous technological process of leaching copper from fine copper waste using nitric acid as an oxidizer are studied. Optimal conditions for a continuous leaching process were established, in which solutions with a mass concentration of copper ions greater than 25 g/dm3 were obtained.

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