scholarly journals An Overview of the Role of Non-State Actors in Preventing and Combatting Corruption in Botswana: Challenges and Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Abiodun Marumo Tito Omotoye
Keyword(s):  
Developmental State ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
Private Business Sector

<p>Botswana has been lauded, regionally and internationally, for its commitment towards building a capable, democratic and developmental state. However, the country’s national anti-corruption agency, the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC) has reported an increase in the number and complexity of cases of corruption. The objective of this paper is to assess the role of the non-state actors (NSAs) in fighting corruption in Botswana. This assessment is made by way of providing a description and analysis of the underlying challenges and opportunities confronting NSAs, specifically the private (business) sector, the private media and nongovernmental organisations in preventing and addressing corruption in Botswana. NSAs play a pivotal role in the development of any country by providing goods and services, creating awareness and sensitizing communities on political and socio-economic issues affecting them. Whereas NSAs have a key role to play in fighting corruption by monitoring the use of public resources, educating the public, condemning perpetrators, and contributing towards the implementation of anti-corruption instruments, they are confronted by political, legislative and institutional challenges that hinder their effectiveness in this regard. </p>

scholarly journals The Problem of State Violence

Daedalus ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37
Author(s):  
Paul Butler
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Force ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The Future ◽  
State Actors

Abstract When violence occurs, the state has an obligation to respond to and reduce the impacts of it; yet often the state originates, or at least contributes to, the violence. This may occur in a variety of ways, including through the use of force by police, pretrial incarceration at local jails, long periods of incarceration in prisons, or abuse and neglect of people who are incarcerated. This essay explores the role of the state in responding to violence and how it should contribute to reducing violence in communities, as well as in its own operations. Finally, it explores what the future of collaboration between state actors and the community looks like and offers examples of successful power-sharing and co-producing of safety between the state and the public.

scholarly journals Expert Information as an Evidence of Criminal Act of Corruption in Goods and Services Procurement

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Stefani Ratna Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Expert Information ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

This research is focused to identify and analyze the role of the expert information as evidence in the case of corruption. One of the criminal acts of corruption that often occurs in the government is the criminal act of corruption in goods and services procurement, in which the perpetrators have abused the social aid fund from the government. There was the case of criminal act of corruption in goods and services procurement for social aid fund that occurred in Tabanan -Bali, which committed by I Wayan Sukaja, who had corrupted the State’s financial or social aid fund. Within the process of verification in the trial, the public prosecutors submit 2 (two) experts who provided information to assist in terms of verification. This study uses normative research methods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of expert information as evidence in criminal act of corruption. The role of an expert cannot be ignored because it will help the judges, prosecutors and lawyers who have limited knowledge. If the expert’s information is contrary, it could be ruled out by the judges but the expert’s information that excluded must be based on clear reason, and the judges must have strong base in assess the role of the expert’s information.

Due Diligence Debates in International Anti-corruption and Money Laundering Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 288-301
Author(s):  
Radha Ivory
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
New Approach ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Legal Entities

This chapter describes and problematises the role of due diligence norms in international anti-corruption and money laundering law. It analyses the international legal framework against the abuse of trust or power for private gain—corruption—and finds that states are obliged to prevent the perpetration or facilitation of such conduct by non-state actors. The chapter demonstrates that, to this end, states must ‘responsibilise’ legal entities and require supervision by those entities of other non-state actors. Both horizontal (state-to-state) and traversal (state-to-business) anti-corruption due diligence obligations are calibrated by discretions and notions of risk. The chapter points out that the international economic crime standards seem to employ a ‘new’ approach to governance or—more problematically—to diffuse ‘new’ forms of ‘penality’ or global governmentality.

What is Public? Big Questions Emerging from the Clash of Legal and Policy Paradigms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cullen C Merritt ◽  
Deanna Malatesta ◽  
Julia L Carboni ◽  
James E Wright ◽  
Sheila Suess Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Governance ◽  
State Action ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Administrative Framework ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
State Action Doctrine

Abstract This article draws on three main sources to define the constitutional boundaries for outsourcing public goods and services in the age of new governance: (1) public administration research related to public–private distinctions; (2) Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-76, federal policy on “inherently governmental” functions; and (3) the State Action Doctrine, the judiciary’s approach for distinguishing state actors from non-state actors for the purpose of redressing constitutional infringements. While these three sources have developed independently, approach the public–private debate from different vantage points, and allow significant ambiguities to remain, we contend that common ground can be leveraged theoretically to derive criteria to resolve many government outsourcing decisions in a way that is efficient and effective. Our main contribution is in providing first steps toward the development of a modern legal and administrative framework that aligns outsourcing theory and practice with the realities of new governance.

Social participation in the definition of budgetary instruments

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-755
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Felix Júnior ◽  
Wênyka Preston Leite Batista da Costa ◽  
Luciana Gondim de Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Glauber Ruan Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Walid Abbas El-Aouar
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose The participation of society is a valuable aspect of the governability of cities, for it strengthens the citizens’ collaborative component. Such participation, which is seen as social, is considered an essential element for the design of a smart city. This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to social participation in the definition of budgetary instruments’ planning. Design/methodology/approach Concerning the methodological instruments, this study is characterised by a quantitative and descriptive approach and uses a multivariate data analysis with a sample of 235 respondents. Findings The study’s findings identified a framework that portrays elements that collaborate with the social participation in the definition of the public administration’s budgetary instruments, which are considered as elements that are able to develop the role of the popular participation and are characterised by the definition of a smart city by enabling more assertiveness in society’s needs. Practical implications Identification of a framework that brings out elements that are able to develop the popular participation in the definition of budgetary instruments. Then, one scale of elements that contribute to social participation in the definition of the public administration’s budgetary instruments theoretically represented and statistically validated, thus contributing to the continuity of studies on social participation. Social implications Through studies on social participation in budgetary planning, it is possible to guarantee a better allocation of public resources through intelligent governability. Originality/value The research can bring theoretical elements about social participation in the definition of budget instruments for a statistical convergence through the perception of the sample.

Effectiveness of Public Procurement Act (PPA), in Curbing Corruption in the Public Service in Nigeria – A Study of Selected MDAs in FCT,Abuja

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
Kanu Success Ikechi ◽  
Benedict Anayochukwu Ozurumba ◽  
Akuwudike Hilary Chinedum
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Resources ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Convenience Sampling

This study investigated the effect of Public Procurement Act (PPA), 2007 in curbing corruption in public services in Nigeria. The research is prompted by the sheer waste of public resources in the process of public procurements which necessitated the enactment of the PPA in 2007. The operations of the Act requires constant appraisal in order to achieve the desired objectives, hence the main goal of this study. Convenience sampling technique was used to collect data from a sample of 50 staff from 3 select MDA’s operating at the FCT, Abuja. Questionnaires were used to collect data and this was administered through personal delivery. The survey questionnaire measured the different dimensions of corruption in public service in Nigeria. The research design used 2 scales to collect the data. The nominal scale was used to collect personal information about respondents while an open ended questionnaire format was used to measure the response of all dimensions on subject matter .Data analysis was performed with the aid of simple percentages and descriptive statistics. Result obtained establishes that the PPA has helped to curb corrupt practices, improved on transparency and accountability in procurement process. It has minimized discrimination in the awards of contract. It has also helped to facilitate the procurement of works, goods and services in the select MDA’s. Most of the respondents opined that they have adequate value for money in their procurements but that goods and services procured may not have been delivered on time. The major problems confronting procurement practice in some of the select MDA’s include lack of experienced staff and inadequate training. Thus, the study recommends a strong commitment to capacity building and the political will to implement the PPA at all tiers of government in Nigeria. The federal government should be determined in her resolve to fight corruption. This is very crucial for an effective public procurement practice in Nigeria

Doing Theology in a Straitened Public Square

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-227
Author(s):  
Andrew Bradstock
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Theology ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Given

A public theologian will have two questions constantly in mind: Where is the public square with which I am expected to engage? And, what are its terms of engagement? Both questions necessarily involve examining the nature and role of the media as it touches upon the given context, and it is the intention in this article to reflect upon the challenges and opportunities of undertaking public theology in an environment where, (a) significant sections of the mass media accord very low priority to serious discussion of current issues and (b) voices offering a ‘faith’ perspective, or seeking even to draw upon the language of conviction or moral value, are at worst unwelcome and at best misunderstood. What does it look like to do public theology in a ‘straitened’ public square? What challenges are presented and how might they be met?

Developing the Public Participation Field: The Role of Independent Bodies for Public Participation

2020 ◽  
pp. 009539972095760
Author(s):  
Laurence Bherer ◽  
Mario Gauthier ◽  
Louis Simard
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
The Public ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Public Resources

This article examines how independent bodies for public participation (IBPPs) can initiate a convergence around practices among actors in the public participation field, especially sponsors of participatory arrangements and the associated participation firms. As IBPPs have the public resources and legal authority to independently organize participatory arrangements, they can play a coordinating role in the public participation field. A comparison of two IBPPs, one in Canada (Quebec) and one in France, shows that IBPPs enhance the development of the participation industry and strengthen recognition of several informal norms concerning public participation design and implementation.

THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF PRINT ADVERTISEMENTS IN DAUGAVPILS: 1920–1930

Via Latgalica ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Solvita Pošeiko
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consumer Services ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
The City

<p><em>The theme described in the title is connected with public advertising texts from two informational sources: newspapers printed in Daugavpils („Daugavas Vēstnesis” ‘The Daugava Herald’, „Daugavas Vārds” ‘The Daugava’s Word’, „Latgales Ziņas” ‘Latgalian News’ and „</em><em>Latgales Vēstnesis”</em><em> ‘The Latgale Herald”) and the linguistic landscape of the city, which characterizes the public information space. Commercial discourse is essential to this space, as a large part of public texts have the representation and promotion of establishments, companies and societies as a primary goal, in addition to the exhibition of offered goods and services.</em></p><p><em>The aim of the article is to define and characterize from the perspective of linguistic landscape the tools and techniques used to represent businesses and establishments in Latvian print advertisements in the 1920s and 30s. In fulfillment of this goal, content analysis and the diachronic linguistic landscape approach has been used for data analysis and interpretation (Backhaus 2005, Pavlenko 2010, Pavlenko, Mullen 2015, Pošeiko 2015). For summarization of obtained results, the descriptive method has been used.</em></p><p><em>Latvia is characterized in the interwar period by a unified language policy – including policies with mechanisms for the management of specific languages – highlighting the role of the Latvian language as the state language in the organization of public life and in nationalist ideology, and facilitating its use in all sociolinguistic functions. However, the interwar period in Latvia also marks the beginning of a period of Westernization – especially in the economic and cultural spheres – detectible in cinema, theater and concert posters; print advertisements for shops and consumer services, and business names in the urban environment.</em></p><em>During this period newspapers were printed in Latvian, but some papers, calendars and journals were printed in Latgalian, Russian and Polish. Company names, advertisements and partially-legible posters are visible in period photographs of the linguistic landscape. Advertising information at the beginning of the 1920s is only to be found in Russian, or with bilingual Russian-Latvian texts. Monolingual language signs in Latvian – noticeably missing diacritic marks and appropriate word endings – only begin to be seen from the 1930s.</em>

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities for Communication about the Role of Genomics in Public Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Caitlin G. Allen ◽  
Ridgely Fisk Green ◽  
Scott Bowen ◽  
W. David Dotson ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
The Impact

Despite growing awareness about the potential for genomic information to improve population health, lingering communication challenges remain in describing the role of genomics in public health programs. Identifying and addressing these challenges provide an important opportunity for appropriate communication to ensure the translation of genomic discoveries for public health benefits. In this commentary, we describe 5 common communication challenges encountered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Office of Genomics and Precision Public Health based on over 20 years of experience in the field. These include (1) communicating that using genomics to assess rare diseases can have an impact on public health; (2) providing evidence that genetic factors can add important information to environmental, behavioral, and social determinants of health; (3) communicating that although genetic factors are nonmodifiable, they can increase the impact of public health programs and communication strategies; (4) addressing the concern that genomics is not ready for clinical practice; and (5) communicating that genomics is valuable beyond the domain of health care and can be integrated as part of public health programs. We discuss opportunities for addressing these communication challenges and provide examples of ongoing approaches to communication about the role of genomics in public health to the public, researchers, and practitioners.

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