Assessment of Natural Resource Potential of the Landscape of Mongolia (Based on Agricultural Production Resource)

Author(s):  
Purevsuren Munkhtur ◽  
Avirmed Erdenedalai

The landscape contains a variety of different potentials that can perform socio-economic and ecological functions, since landscapes are surface patterns that differ in appearance, environmental components, and their spatial distribution and location. The natural resource potential of the landscape refers to the ability of a landscape to provide society with the raw materials and natural resources, which are required for manufacturing products in the society. The natural resource potential of the landscape can be estimated based on mineral resources, forest resources, agricultural production resources, hunting, and tourism or recreation resources. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the natural resource potential of the landscape based on agricultural production resources. This research was carried out with combined methodology, which involved market price method that was used for assessing agricultural production resources with a GIS-based analytical hierarchy process that was used for developing the potential assessment. The analysis of the spatial distribution map of the natural resource potential of the landscape showed that 41.0 per cent of the area studied had “average” potential, while 34.8 per cent had “low” potential and 19.4 per cent had “high” potential. However, only 2.3 per cent of the area had “very high” potential in terms of potential assessment, whereas, almost the same amount of area (2.5%) was assessed as with “very low” potential. Evaluating the natural resource potential of the landscape, based on agricultural production resources, is important as fundamental information for further research, such as developing a concept of regional economic development and evaluating ecosystem services.

Author(s):  
G.G. Tkachenko

Морское побережье является одной из самых выраженных естественных географических границ, которая одновременно разделяет и связывает географические структуры суши морей или океанов. В основе формирования типов природопользования в прибрежных зонах, как и на других типах географического пространства, лежит природноресурсный потенциал. Природноресурсный потенциал и типы природопользования как явления пространственнодифференцированные должны быть рассмотрены, прежде всего, в рамках классических географических подходов и оценок, таких как районирование территории и акватории. При этом пространственные сочетания наземных и морских природных, природноресурсных компонентов рассматриваются как важнейшие предпосылки инфраструктурного и хозяйственного развития прибрежных регионов. Необходимым этапом природноресурсного районирования является выявление границ, при пересечении которых существенно меняются природные ресурсы и условия. Данная работа выполнена на примере рассмотрения минеральных ресурсов прибрежных муниципальных образований и является частью исследования природноресурсных сочетаний зоны сушаокеан Дальнего Востока России в рамках изучения пространственной дифференциации факторов, условий и ограничений формирования и развития структур природопользования в прибрежной зоне Тихоокеанской России с учетом воздействия экстремальных природных процессов и явлений. Дана сравнительная характеристика месторождений минерального сырья российской части побережья Японского моря. Определена их видовая и географическая структура. На основе того, что месторождения минерального сырья сгруппированы в 8 основных ресурсных групп ввыполнено районирование российской части побережья Японского моря по сочетанию основных видов минеральных ресурсов. Выделены типы муниципальных образований по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов и показаны особенности каждого из них. Выделены шесть районов по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов. В связи с необходимостью учета географической особенности в сочетании со спецификой минеральных ресурсов, северной и южной частям территории одного типа районов присвоены свои собственные названия. По результатам исследования была построена карта. The seacoast is one of the most pronounced natural geographical boundaries, which divides and connects simultaneously the geographical structures of the land, seas or oceans. The formation of the types of nature management in coastal zones, as well as on other types of geographical space, is based on the natural resource potential. Being spatially differentiated phenomena, the natural resource potential and the types of environmental management should be considered, first of all, within the framework of classical geographical approaches and assessments, such as zoning of the territory and water areas. In this case, spatial combinations of the land and sea natural, naturalresource components are considered as the most important prerequisites for the infrastructure and economic development of coastal regions. Identification of borders, at the intersection of which the natural resources and conditions change significantly, is a necessary stage of natural resource zoning. This work is carried out by example of consideration of mineral resources of coastal municipal unions and appears to be a part of studies of naturalresource combinations of the landocean zone of the Russian Far East in the framework of studies of spatial differentiation of factors, conditions and restrictions of formation and development of structures of nature management in the coastal zone of Pacific Russia, taking into account the influence of extreme natural processes and phenomena. The comparative characteristic of mineral deposits of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan is given. Their species and a geographical structure are determined. Based on the fact that the mineral deposits are grouped into eight main resource groups, zoning of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan by a combination of the main types of mineral resources is performed. The types of municipalities are allocated by a combination of mineral resources and their features are shown. Six areas are singled out by a combination of mineral resources. Due to the need to take into account the geographical features in combination with the specifics of mineral resources, the northern and southern parts of the territory of one type of areas have obtained their own names. According to the results of the studies, the map has been compiled.


1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine LeGrand

Exporters of raw materials under Iberian rule, the nations of Latin America continued to perform a similar role in the world economy after Independence. In the nineteenth century, however, a significant shift occurred in the kind of materials exported. Whereas in colonial times the great wealth of Latin America lay in her mineral resources, particularly silver and gold, aster 1850 agricultural production for foreign markets took on larger importance. The export of foodstuffs was not a new phenomenon, but in the nineteenth century the growth in consumer demand in the industrializing nations and the developing revolution in. transport much enhanced the incentives for Latin Americans who would produce coffee, wheat, cattle, or bananas for overseas markets.


2020 ◽  
pp. 173-211
Author(s):  
Jordi Franch Parella

A great theoretical advance of the Austrian School, thanks to its ela-borate theory of capital, is the understanding of economic cycles. Expansive monetary processes produce serious investment mistakes that inevitably lead to an economic recession, in which mistakes will become apparent and there will be a need to liquidate the wrong projects undertaken, raising the levels of unemployment and promoting the intertemporal reallocation of productive re-sources. One of the sectors most affected by this process of unsustainable and artificial lengthening of the productive structure is mining. This sector extracts the mineral resources necessary for the operation of the industries of capital goods, and thus fully accuses the effects of the economic cycle, both in its upward phase (overinvestment and excess capacity) and the downward phase (decline in the market price of the raw materials and net sales). Changes in prices of minerals, such as nickel and potash, shows a different behavior de-pending on their situation within the set of stages of the production structure. The theoretical analysis is applied to the case of an advanced economy with a strong weight of the mining sector as the Australian and finally some reform measures are proposed. Key words: Business cycle theory, mineral resources, mining, commodities. JEL Classification: E30, E31, Q31. Resumen: Un gran avance teórico de la Escuela Austriaca, gracias a su elabo-rada teoría del capital, es la comprensión de los ciclos económicos. Los proce-sos monetarios expansivos producen graves errores de inversión que inexora-blemente conducen a una recesión económica, en la que los errores se pondrán de manifiesto y surgirá la necesidad de liquidar los proyectos erróneamente emprendidos, elevando los niveles de desempleo y promoviendo la reasigna-ción intertemporal de los recursos productivos. Uno de los sectores más perju-dicados por este proceso artificial de alargamiento insostenible de la estructu-ra productiva es la minería. Este sector es el que extrae los recursos minerales necesarios para el funcionamiento de las industrias de bienes de capital, y por ello acusa plenamente los efectos del ciclo económico, tanto en su fase alcista (sobreinversión y exceso de capacidad) como en la fase bajista (descenso del precio de mercado de las materia primas y de las ventas netas). Las variacio-nes de los precios de los minerales, como el níquel y la potasa, muestra un distinto comportamiento en función de cuál sea su situación dentro del conjun-to de etapas de la estructura productiva. Se aplica el análisis teórico al caso de una economía avanzada con un fuerte peso del sector minero como es la australiana y se proponen algunas medidas de reforma. Palabras clave: teoría austriaca del ciclo económico, recursos minerales, mine-ría, materias primas. Clasificación JEL: E30, E31, Q31.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Tkachenko

Морское побережье является одной из самых выраженных естественных географических границ, которая одновременно разделяет и связывает географические структуры суши морей или океанов. В основе формирования типов природопользования в прибрежных зонах, как и на других типах географического пространства, лежит природноресурсный потенциал. Природноресурсный потенциал и типы природопользования как явления пространственнодифференцированные должны быть рассмотрены, прежде всего, в рамках классических географических подходов и оценок, таких как районирование территории и акватории. При этом пространственные сочетания наземных и морских природных, природноресурсных компонентов рассматриваются как важнейшие предпосылки инфраструктурного и хозяйственного развития прибрежных регионов. Необходимым этапом природноресурсного районирования является выявление границ, при пересечении которых существенно меняются природные ресурсы и условия. Данная работа выполнена на примере рассмотрения минеральных ресурсов прибрежных муниципальных образований и является частью исследования природноресурсных сочетаний зоны сушаокеан Дальнего Востока России в рамках изучения пространственной дифференциации факторов, условий и ограничений формирования и развития структур природопользования в прибрежной зоне Тихоокеанской России с учетом воздействия экстремальных природных процессов и явлений. Дана сравнительная характеристика месторождений минерального сырья российской части побережья Японского моря. Определена их видовая и географическая структура. На основе того, что месторождения минерального сырья сгруппированы в 8 основных ресурсных групп ввыполнено районирование российской части побережья Японского моря по сочетанию основных видов минеральных ресурсов. Выделены типы муниципальных образований по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов и показаны особенности каждого из них. Выделены шесть районов по сочетанию минеральных ресурсов. В связи с необходимостью учета географической особенности в сочетании со спецификой минеральных ресурсов, северной и южной частям территории одного типа районов присвоены свои собственные названия. По результатам исследования была построена карта. The seacoast is one of the most pronounced natural geographical boundaries, which divides and connects simultaneously the geographical structures of the land, seas or oceans. The formation of the types of nature management in coastal zones, as well as on other types of geographical space, is based on the natural resource potential. Being spatially differentiated phenomena, the natural resource potential and the types of environmental management should be considered, first of all, within the framework of classical geographical approaches and assessments, such as zoning of the territory and water areas. In this case, spatial combinations of the land and sea natural, naturalresource components are considered as the most important prerequisites for the infrastructure and economic development of coastal regions. Identification of borders, at the intersection of which the natural resources and conditions change significantly, is a necessary stage of natural resource zoning. This work is carried out by example of consideration of mineral resources of coastal municipal unions and appears to be a part of studies of naturalresource combinations of the landocean zone of the Russian Far East in the framework of studies of spatial differentiation of factors, conditions and restrictions of formation and development of structures of nature management in the coastal zone of Pacific Russia, taking into account the influence of extreme natural processes and phenomena. The comparative characteristic of mineral deposits of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan is given. Their species and a geographical structure are determined. Based on the fact that the mineral deposits are grouped into eight main resource groups, zoning of the Russian part of the coast of the Sea of Japan by a combination of the main types of mineral resources is performed. The types of municipalities are allocated by a combination of mineral resources and their features are shown. Six areas are singled out by a combination of mineral resources. Due to the need to take into account the geographical features in combination with the specifics of mineral resources, the northern and southern parts of the territory of one type of areas have obtained their own names. According to the results of the studies, the map has been compiled.


2018 ◽  

effective of functioning of the agro-industrial production of each of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union is largely determined by the territorial and sectoral division of labor, which requires new approaches to solving the problem of its deepening, aimed at the effec-tive use of the bioclimatic potential and production resources of the territories, the dynamic growth of agricultural production, raw materials and food, the improvement of their quality and competi-tiveness, the improvement of interregional exchange and export-import operations with food prod-ucts and agricultural raw materials.


Author(s):  
T. B. Nahirniak

The current state of the components of the environment, the resource-recreational potential of the Rohatyn district of Ivano-Frankivsk region are analyzed. It is noted that the district has a sufficiently high integral indicator of anthropogenic environmental loads, nature management here is often irrational and ecologically unbalanced, and natural resource efficiency is rather low. The basis of restructuring of the economy of the Rohatyn region is to lay its investment and innovation model, taking into account the peculiarities of the region's potential, in particular the efficient use of its natural resource component. Although the Rohatyn region is not a rich region for natural resources, scientifically sound rational use of these resources should be an essential prerequisite for further socio-economic development. The absence of significant reserves of mineral raw materials gives rise to the search for another model of economic development of the region. At the same time, one should not forget about landscape and recreational resources, mineral water reserves, certain types of mineral resources. Such a model of its time was implemented in other regions through the formation of an appropriate sectoral structure of the economy, when the faces of economic development were determined by the sectors of processing of agricultural raw materials, agricultural machinery, services. Further development requires the development of programmatic actions to restore once destroyed production capacity, as well as the functioning of businesses that focus on the use of local resources. It is established that Rohatyn region has considerable potential for the development of the recreational and tourism industry. It is necessary to develop tourism infrastructure; to develop a holistic tourist product that is able to satisfy the needs of international and domestic tourism to the maximum, taking into account the natural-climatic, recreational, socio-economic and historical-cultural potential. As a central part of the Opilia region, the Rohatyn district has considerable historical and cultural potential, which should be more actively used for the development of cognitive tourism, for national and patriotic education of the population. Therefore, it is necessary to contribute in every way to the development of rural green tourism, which can be based on the use of both natural and historical and cultural resources of the region. To do this, it is necessary to contribute in every possible way to the preservation of unique places of nature, the creation of new and the discovery of little-known historical and cultural monuments, to develop patronage.


2020 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
B. A. Khakhuk

The article presents the evolution of the development of land rent as a complex economic category in the directions: classical, neoclassical and modern. The content, nature and mechanism of formation of various types of rental incomes are considered in this work, namely: differential rents I and II, monopoly and absolute rents, as well as new types of rents, happened in result of the development of scientifi c and technical process in the country and the need to strengthen the environmental factor in agricultural production. The particular attention is paid to the role of rent in modern Russian conditions, characterized by large-scale natural resource potential, as well as features and necessity for an innovative direction of its development.


Author(s):  
VLADISLAV A. PETROV ◽  
◽  
ALEXANDER V. VOLKOV ◽  

The article assesses the prospects for the development of strategic mineral resources in the Arctic zone of Russia (AZR). Despite the almost century-old history of mining, the subsoil of the AZR still contains a sufficient amount of mineral raw materials. The most important for the country’s economy are currently Ni, Cu, platinum group metals, Di2, P2O5, Zn, Pb, Au, Ag, Fe-ores, Ti, etc. The results obtained are based on the analysis of the most complete database compiled on deposits of various mineral types in the Russian Arctic. The analysis showed that the mining industry has significant development prospects in the Arctic zone of Russia.


The present article deals with the current state of natural resource potential (NRP) of the Western region of Ukraine and the main challenges in line with eurointegration processes and rational environmental management. The place of region in total Ukraine’s NRP and its internal structure in section of six oblasts: Lviv, Zakarpattya, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil and Khmelnytsky are analyzed. Land resources of the region, which constitute approximately half of the total value of NRP are characterized. Tendency of reduction of arable land in the region is grounded and problems of land valuation are considered. The growing role of water resources and its national and international importance is investigated. Biological potential of the region, which is representing mainly by forest resources are studied. Forest fund of region, its square, structure and stand of timber are characterized. The problem of illegal deforestation on large areas of the Western region of Ukraine was described with particular attention. Special attention is paid to the growing role of recreational resources of the region, similar in structure to the appropriate resources of neighboring European countries. Western region is a leader for protected areas in Ukraine (about 40% of total area of nature reserve fund). The current state of mineral resources, the importance of which for the Western region needs revaluation is considered. A significant share of mineral resources is characterized by the depletion of deposits and their exploitation unprofitable. The authors detected territorial combination of natural resources, that centralize close in space one to others. Ten local territorial combinations in the mountainous part of the Western Region are allocated. New trends in the use of NRP and prospects of renewable energy in the region are studied. The authors predict an increase in the role of recreation and water resources and rising land prices. The problem of low investment attraction, that should be solved based on the cross-border position of the Western region is analyzed.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document