Effect of rifampicin on certain biochemical parameter in the liver of albino rats

10.5580/3f2 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Albino Rats

Does Short-Term and Low-Dose N-Acetylcysteine Affect Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in The Liver Tissues of Diabetic Rats?

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110036
Author(s):  
Fatma Genç ◽  
Emine Gülçeri GÜLEÇ Peker
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Short Term

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease in which the oxidant-antioxidant balance is impaired, causing many complications, including hepatopathy. In this study, the effects of short-term and low-dose N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration on the biochemical, proinflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in the liver tissue of diabetic rats were investigated. Twenty-four adult male Wistar albino rats weighing approximately 250–300 g were divided into 4 groups (n = 6): Control, Streptozotosin (STZ)-induced diabetes (DM), NAC treatment (60 mg/kg), and STZ-induced diabetes treated with NAC (DM+NAC; 60 mg/kg). NAC treatment was administered intraperitoneally as a single daily dose for 7 days. At the end of the experiment (3 weeks), blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical parameter analysis. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant parameters, and nitric oxide (NOx) levels were determined by spectrophotometric method. Tissue inflammation parameters were evaluated by ELISA. Lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory cytokines, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values increased significantly with diabetes. NAC treatment significantly decreased serum ALT and AST levels and proinflammatory cytokines in the diabetic group. Liver glutathione (GSH) and NOx levels increased significantly in the DM+NAC group ( p < 0.05). While NAC treatment reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver, it improved the inflammatory response and antioxidant status. The beneficial effect of NAC treatment may be due to its antioxidant activity and the resulting increased level of GSH. The results show that low-dose and short-term NAC treatment had a positive effect on oxidative damage and inflammation in liver tissue. NAC can be used as a potential antioxidant in diabetes to prevent hepatopathy.

scholarly journals Effect of Ocimum sanctum Linn (Tulsi) on body weight and some biochemical parameters in restraint stressed albino rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Dilruba Siraji ◽  
Nadira Islam ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stressed Group ◽  
Induced Changes

Background: With the increased trend of urbanization of our society, the incidence of various stress related diseases are increasing day by day. People under chronic stress often tends to seek relief through drugs, which may have side effects. But some natural supplements called adaptogen, can be more beneficial in reducing symptoms of stress. Objective: The present animal model experimental study was designed to observe the effects of restraint stress on body weight, serum ALT, AST, Glucose, Cholesterol and their modifications by Ocimum sanctum Linn (tulsi) pretreatment which is an Ayurvedic adaptogen and has a long history of therapeutic use. Study design: For this purpose, 30 albino rats aged 90 to 120 days were included in this study. Twenty rats of experimental group were further subdivided into two groups. One group consisted of 10 rats exposed to one hour restraint stress daily for 7 days and 10 rats of the second group were pretreated with tulsi for 7 days before exposure to stress in the same way. 10 non stressed , non pretreated rats were taken into control group.This study was undertaken in the laboratory of the Department of Physiology,BSMMU during the period from July 2003 to June 2004. Methods: The body weight of all control rats were recorded daily in the morning. Body weight of the experimental rats were recorded just before exposure to stress. After completing the experiment , the animals were sacrificed and blood was collected . Serum glucose, cholesterol and ALT,ASTwere determined by standard laboratory technique. Data were compared among the groups and the results were statistically analyzed using unpaired student t' test. Results : The body weight in untreated stressed group was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those of the control group and tulsi pretreated group. Serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, aminotrasferases (ALT and AST) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in stressed group than those of control . Again in Tulsi treated group all these biochemical parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those of stressed group. This restraint stress-induced changes in body weight and biochemical parameters may be due to hypophagia, altered secretion of various metabolic hormones and neurotransmitters, changes in membrane permeability & hypovolaemia resulting from stress induced secretion of corticosterone and epinephrine through hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis activation. Conclusion: Prevention of stress induced changes in biochemical parameter by tulsi pre treatment indicates its anti stressor effect. Key words: Restraint stress; adaptogen;Ocimum sanctum Linn (tulsi); glucose; cholesterol; ALT; AST.   doi: 10.3329/jbsp.v3i0.1791 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol.2008 Dec;(3):29-34.  

scholarly journals NEPHROPROTECTIVE ROLE OF ZINC AGAINST THE AMMONIUM SULFATE TOXICITY IN MALE ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 550-555
Author(s):  
SIVA KUMAR TEKURI ◽  
SHOBHA RANI AMURU ◽  
PURUSOTHAM BASSAIAHGARI ◽  
YUVARANJANI GALI ◽  
NEERAJA PABBARAJU
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
As Toxicity

Objective: Intention of the present study is to investigate the protective role of zinc against ammonium sulfate (AS) toxicity in renal tissue by evaluating certain biochemical activities of albino rats. Methods: Rats were divided into four groups, namely control, ammonia, zinc, and ammonia + zinc. Rats were exposed to AS (18.3 mg/kg body weight) or zinc chloride (4 mg/kg body weight) or both through intraperitoneally for 7-day experimentation with 24-h time interval. Results: AS-administered rats showed significant increased levels of ammonia, urea, glutamine, glutamine synthetase, free amino acids, and lactate dehydrogenase and decreased levels of total proteins, pyruvate, succinate dehydrogenases, malate dehydrogenase, and biochemical activities when compared with control. Supplementation of zinc mitigated AS-induced oxidative stress and restored all the biochemical parameter activities. Zinc administered to normal rats did not exhibit any significant changes in any of the parameters studied. Conclusion: From the study, it concluded that zinc cotreatment with AS has effectively recovered the mitochondrial enzyme activities and ammonia metabolic biochemical parameters in renal tissue of rat treated with AS.

scholarly journals Medicinal Potentials of Ocimum gratissimum Linn Leaf Extract against Lead Acetate Disruptions in Rat Hippocampus and Electrolyte Concentration

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Ubi Essien Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
The One ◽  
Tissue Specimens

The present study determined the effect of Ocimum gratissimun Linn. leaves aqueous extract on lead-acetate alterations in the hippocampus and serum biochemical concentration of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions in animal models. Twenty male and female albino rats weighing around 155 g were randomly distributed to four groups, (n=5 each). Group A served as control, B received 500 mg/kg body weight of O. gratissimum leaf extract, C was administered 150 mg/kg of lead acetate, and group D was given both lead acetate and the named leaf extract at doses of 150 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg respectively. Treatments were given once daily via gavage and lasted 15 days while the animals had access to feed and water ad libitum. The rats were euthanized on the 16th day by cervical dislocation; the cranial cavity was carefully exposed and the brain dissected to excise tissue specimens from the hippocampus for histological studies. Blood samples were also collected through cardiac puncture and then centrifuged to obtain serum used for the biochemical parameter. The one-way Analysis of Variance was the statistical tool used to evaluate the differences in concentration of the electrolytes, and data was expressed as means ± SD, while P< 0.05 was taken as a significant value. The results showed the extract to have a mitigating effect by alleviating lead-acetate induced histopathological distortions of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons and by counteracting the neurochemical alterations in brain electrolyte ion. The findings of this research therefore indicate that the leaf aqueous extract of O. gratissimum has anti-toxic properties and may therefore be explored by pharmaceuticals in search of alternative treatment for lead poisoning.

scholarly journals Impact of different doses of Malathion on the selected blood parameter in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C.D. Sharma ◽  
Geeta Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Parameter ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Home Gardening ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Different Doses

Malathion is an organophosphate pesticides commonly used to eradicate the pest of agricultural crops. It is routinely used to protect the ornamental and home gardening plants. Malathion is found in market by its trade name called cythion. In Indian scenario farmers and spray men use pesticide in their fields ignoring its toxicological effects. The main target organs of any toxicant in human body are liver and kidney.Present study is based on the effects of different dose of Malathion on blood biochemical parameter like blood sugar, blood urea, creatinine and bilirubin. These four parameters are used to observe the behavior of liver and kidney in albino rats. Four doses of Malathion has been selected as 25 mg, 50mg, 75mg and 100mg per kilogram body weight per day for 7 days and 15 days of treatment. Findings indicate that at normal condition the value of sugar was 121.54 +14.44 mg/dl , blood urea  41.27 + 3.13 mg/dl , blood bilirubin 0.76 + 0.10 mg/dl and value of creatinine was observed as 0.85 + 00.52 mg/dl. with different doses of Malathion after 7 and 15 days the  value of blood sugar significantly decreases upto 78.52 + 10.25 mg/dl at higher dose while blood urea value significantly increased up to 50.88+4.8 mg/dl, the value of creatinine significantly increased 1.05 + 0.18 mg/dl and bilirubin also increased significantly 2.20 +0.64mg/ dl. The fluctuation in parameter represents the abnormal behavior of liver and kidney of albino rats due to the toxicity of pesticide.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of the Effects of some Herbal Drugs on the Heamatological and Biochemical Parameter of Winster Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Akintelu Sunday Adewale ◽  
Abiola babawale Emmanuel ◽  
Ajayi Samuel Olukayode ◽  
Olabemiwo Ojeyemi Matthew
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Preliminary Study

Effects of renovascular hypertension on rat adrenal zona glomerulosa

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
G. Mazzocchi ◽  
P. Rebuffat ◽  
C. Robba ◽  
P. Vassanelli ◽  
G. G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
And Control

It is well known that the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa steroidogenic activity is controlled by the renin-angiotensin system. The ultrastructural changes in the rat zona glomerulosa cells induced by renovascular hypertension were described previously, but as far as we are aware no correlated biochemical and morphometric investigations were performed.Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into 2 experimental groups. One group was subjected to restriction of blood flow to the left kidney by the application of a silver clip about the left renal artery. The other group was sham-operated and served as a control. Renovascular hypertension developed in about 10 days: sistolic blood pressure averaged 165 ± 6. 4 mmHg, whereas it was about 110 ± 3. 8 mmHg in the control animals. The hypertensive and control rats were sacrificed 20 days after the operation. The blood was collected and plasma renin activity was determined by radioimmunological methods. The aldosterone concentration was radioimmunologically assayed both in the plasma and in the homogenate of the left capsular adrenal gland.

Further Studies on the Ultrastructure of Harderian Gland in Adult Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Alfredo Feria-Velasco ◽  
Guadalupe Tapia-Arizmendi
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Harderian Gland ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cell Components

The fine structure of the Harderian gland has been described in some animal species (hamster, rabbit, mouse, domestic fowl and albino rats). There are only two reports in the literature dealing on the ultrastructure of rat Harderian gland in adult animals. In one of them the author describes the myoepithelial cells in methacrylate-embbeded tissue, and the other deals with the maturation of the acinar cells and the formation of the secretory droplets. The aim of the present work is to analize the relationships among the acinar cell components and to describe the two types of cells located at the perifery of the acini.

Cell Fine Structure as Revealed in Dessicator-Dried Resinless Sections

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 622-623
Author(s):  
R. P. Becker ◽  
J. J. Wolosewick ◽  
J. Ross-Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Methodology has been introduced recently which allows transmission and scanning electron microscopy of cell fine structure in semi-thin sections unencumbered by an embedding medium. Images obtained from these “resinless” sections show a three-dimensional lattice of microtrabeculfee contiguous with cytoskeletal structures and membrane-bounded cell organelles. Visualization of these structures, especially of the matiiDra-nous components, can be facilitated by employing tannic acid in the fixation step and dessicator drying, as reported here.Albino rats were fixed by vascular perfusion with 2% glutaraldehyde or 1.5% depolymerized paraformaldehyde plus 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate (pH 7.4). Tissues were removed and minced in the fixative and stored overnight in fixative containing 4% tannic acid. The tissues were rinsed in buffer (0.2M cacodylate), exposed to 1% buffered osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, and embedded in pure polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG). Sections were cut on glass knives with a Sorvall MT-1 microtome and mounted onto poly-L-lysine, formvar-carbon coated grids while submerged in a solution of 95% ethanol containing 5% PEG.

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