The impact of the ESA 2010 on statistics of the general government sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Olga Leszczyńska-Luberek
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
European System ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Methodological Guidelines ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Excessive Deficit Procedure

The author presents the importance of the new European System of National and Regional Accounts (ESA 2010) for statistics of the general government sector. She pays particular attention to the development of data for the excessive deficit procedure. The article explains the methodological changes made to the studies in this field parallel to the ESA 2010. It discusses, among others, issues related to defining the deficit and debt of the general government, as well as the determination of a new way registering transfer of liabilities of pension schemes. It also presents the impact of new methodological guidelines for the relationship of deficit and debt to GDP in the Member States of the European Union.

scholarly journals Application of Probabilistic Inference in Defining Impact of the General Government Sector’s Size on the Economy and Determining the Size of the Sector by the Economy in the EU

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Teresa Mroczek ◽  
Tomasz Skica ◽  
Jacek Rodzinka
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Inference ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe article’s objective is to apply probabilistic inference in determination of the impact of the size of the general government sector on the economy and the impact of the economy on the size of the sector in EU Member States. The research indicated that 4 of 13 variables describing the size of the general government sector have a significant impact on the economic parameters and determined their value and that impact of the economy on the general government sector is significantly more identified than determination of the economy by the sector size.

The Response of Drug Abuser Parolees to a Combination of Treatment and Intensive Supervision

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. HANLON ◽  
DAVID N. NURCO ◽  
RICHARD W. BATEMAN ◽  
KEVIN E. O'GRADY
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Treatment Retention ◽  
Drug Abuser ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Intensive Supervision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Of237 male and female drug abuser parolees assigned to parole procedures enhanced by weekly drug abuse counseling and urine monitoring, 118 were considered successes and 119 were considered failures at the end of 1 year on the basis of whether they had received a major sanction during the year. Success and failure cases were distinguishable on the basis of both concurrent (while on parole) and past characteristics. Greater treatment retention and amount of time employed during parole and greater amount of time employed and less deviance displayed prior to the first (ever) episode of heavy drug use were the principal correlates of success. The correspondence generally found between intensity of supervision and amount of deviance detected, the variability of the impact of detected drug use on the determination of sanctions, and the relationship of parole outcome to gender are discussed.

scholarly journals The Wind Momentum – Luminosity Relationship of Blue Supergiants

1999 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf-Peter Kudritzki
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Type ◽  
Stellar Wind ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Spectral Variability ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Quantitative Spectroscopy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe prediction of the Wind Momentum - Luminosity Relationship (WLR) based on the theory of radiation driven winds is verified by quantitative spectroscopy of winds of A-, B- and O-supergiants. The relationship depends on spectral type. New stellar wind calculations are presented reproducing the observed spectral type dependence. The impact of spectral variability on the WLR is investigated by an analysis of some hundred spectra of the luminous A0Ia-supergiant HD92207 obtained within the Heidelberg Spectral Variability Survey and found to be small.Finally, the WLR is discussed as a tool for the determination of extragalactic distances. Recent results obtained for the Galaxy, M31 and M33 are presented. The potential of the method is discussed with the conclusion that it may allow independent distance moduli to be obtained with an accuracy of ten percent out to the Virgo and Fornax clusters of galaxies.

scholarly journals Selection and Assortment of The Variables Describing The Relationship between The Economy and The General Government Sector Size by Application of The LEM2 Algorithm

e-Finanse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Skica ◽  
Jacek Rodzinka ◽  
Barbara Fryc
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
General Government ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Period

Abstract This paper reverses the relatively frequent examined interrelation that links an impact of the public sector (and within it the general government sector) on the economy of the analyzed countries. The article analyses whether the size of the general government sector is a function of the economy expressed through variables that were adopted for research. Realization of the research objective that was raised in this article focused on typing, grouping and selecting variables that describe respectively: the economy and the size of the sector. For identifying relationships between variables assigned to each group, the LEM2 algorithm was used. Rules that were generated by the application of this algorithm provided not only information about the relationships of individual variables, but also provided an indication of how frequently they occurred in relation to the examined pairs of variables describing the economy and the size of the general government sector. The subject of research was EU Member States (their economy and public finance systems) and the research period was set on the years 2000 to 2013 (inclusive). Among the economic variables and variables describing the size of the sector, there were included both standard variables used in the analyzes dedicated to macroeconomic issues as well as variables that the authors’ team selected in order to test their applicability in describing the economy and the size of the general government sector. Such a composition of the variables is well-founded as, besides the main objective of this article (i.e. to establish a link between the economic situation and size of the general government sector) the additional effect of research, and that is the optimization of the selected variables that are used to explain the relationship of the economy and the size of the sector.

Business: Making Cents of Coding Systems: Billing for Professional Services

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Dee Adams Nikjeh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Fee Schedule ◽  
Procedure Codes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Administrators and supervisors face daily challenges over issues such as program funding, service fees, correct coding procedures, and the ever-changing healthcare regulations. Receiving equitable reimbursement for speech-language pathology and audiology services necessitates an understanding of federal coding and reimbursement systems. This tutorial provides information pertaining to two major healthcare coding systems and explains the relationship of these systems to clinical documentation, the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and equitable reimbursement. An explanation of coding edits and coding modifiers is provided for use in those occasional atypical situations when the standard use of procedural coding may not be appropriate. Also included in this tutorial is a brief discussion of the impact that the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008 (HR 6331 Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act [MIPPA], 2008) has had on the valuation of speech-language pathology procedure codes.

Calculating the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Bich Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Velocity Triangle ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Vertical axis wind turbine technology has been applied last years, very long after horizontal axis wind turbine technology. Aerodynamic problems of vertical axis wind machines are discussible. An important problem is the determination of the incidence law in the interaction between wind and rotor blades. The focus of the work is to establish equations of the incidence depending on the blade azimuth, and to solve them. From these results, aerodynamic torques and power can be calculated. The incidence angle is a parameter of velocity triangle, and both the factors depend not only on the blade azimuth but also on the ratio of rotational speed and horizontal speed. The built computational program allows theoretically selecting the relationship of geometric parameters of wind turbine in accordance with requirements on power, wind speed and installation conditions.

Tire Treadwear — A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Factors: Generic Type, Aspect Ratio, Tread Pattern, and Tread Composition Part I: Introduction and Details on the Organization of the Program

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Veith
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Systematic Determination ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This four-part series of papers addresses the problem of systematic determination of the influence of several tire factors on tire treadwear. Both the main effect of each factor and some of their interactive effects are included. The program was also structured to evaluate the influence of some external-to-tire conditions on the relationship of tire factors to treadwear. Part I describes the experimental design used to evaluate the effects on treadwear of generic tire type, aspect ratio, tread pattern (groove or void level), type of pattern (straight rib or block), and tread compound. Construction procedures and precautions used to obtain a valid and functional test method are included. Two guiding principles to be used in the data analyses of Parts II and III are discussed. These are the fractional groove and void concept, to characterize tread pattern geometry, and a demonstration of the equivalence of wear rate for identical compounds on whole tread or multi-section tread tires.

scholarly journals The Relationship of CSR Communication on Social Media with Consumer Purchase Intention and Brand Admiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1217-1230
Author(s):  
Shuchi Gupta ◽  
Nishad Nawaz ◽  
Adel Abdulmhsen Alfalah ◽  
Rana Tahir Naveed ◽  
Saqib Muneer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Csr Communication ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

With the advent of the Internet and other digital technologies, contemporary businesses from all sectors are using social media for communication with consumers to engage them meaningfully with a brand. However, the use of social media for corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication is relatively new to the existing literature. Likewise, the impact of CSR communication through social media (CSR-S) on consumer emotions and behavior is, to date, underexplored. To address this, the present research aims to test the relationship of CSR-S on brand admiration and consumer purchase intention. The study proposes a direct relationship between CSR-S and purchase intention with a mediating effect of brand admiration. The data were collected from the banking consumers of Pakistan through a self-administered questionnaire. The authors distributed 800 questionnaires and received 463 questionnaires useful for data analysis, so the present research study response rate was around 59%. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique in AMOS. The results revealed that CSR-S is positively related to purchase intention (β = 0.233). The results further showed that brand admiration partially mediates this relationship (β = 0.079). The survey respondents confirmed that their bank’s CSR communication helps enhance their purchase likelihood and their feelings of admiration for their bank. These findings will help policymakers at banking institutions better understand the importance of CSR communication on different social media platforms to achieve consumer-related outcomes.

scholarly journals Ethics of Retailers and Consumer Behavior in E-Commerce

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Quang Van Ngo ◽  
Chung Xuan Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In the era of the information-communication technology with the development of electronic commerce, consumers can buy almost everything anywhere and at any time. One of the greatest benefits of e-commerce has been the convenience and the vast choices which consumers get online. However, some serious issues exist that impede consumers from transaction online. These issues have attracted the attention of many marketing researchers in recent years. In this research, the authors focus on the impact of consumers' ethics perception of e-retailer on their purchase intention and satisfaction. The authors also try to clarify the roles of trust and commitment in the relationship of ethics on consumers purchase decision and satisfaction because of their importance in e-commerce but also the privation in the research of previous studies. The data collected from a survey of 390 online consumers in Vietnam. Results reveal that there are significant relationships between online retailers' ethics and consumers' purchase intention and satisfaction via the mediation of trust and commitment.

The impact of tinnitus characteristics and associated variables on tinnitus-related handicap

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Degeest ◽  
P Corthals ◽  
I Dhooge ◽  
H Keppler
Keyword(s):  
Additional Insight ◽  
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory ◽  
Hearing Status ◽  
Questionnaire Score ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sample Case ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Associated Variables

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to determine the characteristics of tinnitus and tinnitus-related variables and explore their possible relationship with tinnitus-related handicap.Methods:Eighty-one patients with chronic tinnitus were included. The study protocol measured hearing status, tinnitus pitch, loudness, maskability and loudness discomfort levels. All patients filled in the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. The relationship of each variable with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results:Five univariables were associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score: loudness discomfort level, subjective tinnitus loudness, tinnitus awareness, noise intolerance and Hyperacusis Questionnaire score. Multiple regression analysis showed that the Hyperacusis Questionnaire score and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score.Conclusion:Hyperacusis and tinnitus awareness were independently associated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score. Questionnaires on tinnitus and hyperacusis are especially suited to providing additional insight into tinnitus-related handicap and are therefore useful for evaluating tinnitus patients.

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