scholarly journals Selected aspects of ensuring energy security in the municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-701
Author(s):  
Klaudia Stachowiak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
National Energy Policy

In a modern democratic state, it is fully justified that local governments influence on energy policy. The most serious reasons for municipalities to pursue their energy policy include implementing principles such as decentralization, subsidiarity, autonomy, and independence by local governments. It should be remembered that local governments are public authorities acting to meet the local communities’ needs. In the Polish institutional conditions, local governments may be jointly responsible for the national energy policy only if they can create local energy policy based on their energy potential. Bearing in mind the above, the relationship between the local energy policy and the national energy policy is different for each commune, depending on a given territorial unit’s specific conditions. The specificity and quality of these relationships are also determined by the municipal authorities, which can approach the policies they create strategically or rely on improvisation. In the first case, local governments plan and implement specific activities that make up the energy policy process, while in the second case, they wait for the activity and involvement of government administration bodies.

scholarly journals Energy Cooperatives and Municipalities in Local Energy Governance Arrangements in Switzerland and Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schmid ◽  
Thomas Meister ◽  
Britta Klagge ◽  
Irmi Seidl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Strong Linkage ◽  
Energy Governance ◽  
Citizen Initiatives ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Governance Arrangements

Participation of citizens in local energy decisions is increasingly recognized as helpful for a successful decentralized energy transition. In this article, we focus on energy cooperatives in which private individuals jointly develop facilities to generate energy from renewable sources, thus involving citizens both politically and economically. Focusing on Switzerland and Germany, we show that there is a strong linkage between such cooperatives and municipalities, characterized by collaboration and support, and that the cooperatives are well suited as collaborating partners. We also show that federalist structures are most suited for such local arrangements as municipalities must have leeway to support cooperatives in a targeted manner and to compensate for shortcomings in the energy policy of superordinate governmental levels. Based on these results, we suggest that local governments should be given sufficient financial capacities and autonomy to strengthen implementation of a decentralized energy transition that involves citizens. However, we also recognize that municipal structures alone are often insufficient and that superordinate policies, especially national subsidies, remain essential. Hence, policies at the municipal and national levels should take greater account of citizen initiatives, such as energy cooperatives, which exhibit various noncommodifiable advantages relevant to the energy transition.

DELEGATION OF POWERS BETWEEN PUBLIC AUTHORITIES: MODERN INSTRUMENTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Munko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
Delegation Of Powers

The article is devoted to substantiation of existing shortcomings in the mechanisms of delegation of powers between public authorities and local governments in Ukraine and the development of proposals for tools to improve them based on the analysis of foreign experience. Delegation mechanisms in Ukraine are imperfect, which is accompanied by problems such as legal conflicts, duplication of functions of local governments and local executive authorities at various levels, reduced financial self- sufficiency of local governments, imbalance of powers, which ultimately leads to increased corruption risks and reduced quality of provision. public services to the population. To confirm the imbalance of delegated powers of local governments, the calculation of the "vertical imbalance" of local budgets is used as a share of transfers from the state budget in the total local budget revenues. The article suggests ways to solve the problems of delegation of powers between public authorities and local governments in Ukraine is possible, in particular through the introduction of tools tested by positive foreign experience. Among such tools is the development of a single law on delegated powers, which will regulate the procedure and conditions for delegating powers to public authorities, local governments and their officials, in particular, the proposed structure of such a law by sections. It is also proposed to apply the practice of municipal contracts and outsourcing to increase the efficiency of management processes during the delegation of powers, and to follow the Carlton principle when delegating powers between government officials. The basic principles of delegation of powers, and also elements of the municipal contract are defined. Peculiarities of indirect delegation of powers (subdelegation) as one of the complex but successful trends in foreign practice of public administration are given.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF E-GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Mokhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The necessity of research of fundamental bases of formation of e-government in Ukraine in the conditions of digital transformation and informatization of a society is substantiated. The aim of the study is to determine the conceptual foundations of the formation and development of the mechanism of e-government in Ukraine in the context of digital transformation. The factors of influence and goals of e-government are generalized. The peculiarities of e- government as a set of tactics and actions of the government (openness of government, temporal and spatial independence, focus on consumer needs, reducing the level of bureaucratization in the provision of services, etc.) are identified. The stages of formation of mechanisms-e-government in the world and key legislative acts in the normative-legal provision of Ukraine concerning formation of mechanisms of e-government are investigated. E-government in Ukraine is systematically developing in accordance with the regulations of the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework, the shortcomings of the existing regulatory framework for e-government in Ukraine are highlighted: fragmentation, incompleteness, vagueness, vagueness, inconsistency, inconsistency of some documents and opacity of procedures, non- adaptation to international acts, low quality of preparation of regulations ( acts are developed without a thorough analysis of the problem, without taking into account the risks of their implementation; without analysis of interaction with other acts), low quality of socio-economic and legal expertise, lack of public discussion. It is proved that a prerequisite for quality governance and further development of democracy in Ukraine is the introduction of legal procedures and practices of public involvement in public law decisions at the level of public authorities and local governments in the field of e-government. It is determined that the system of normative-legal documents should correspond to the dynamics of development, emergence of new and modernization of existing documents, establishment of new connections and priorities between them.

scholarly journals Normative-legal bases of the interaction of local self-government bodies and institutes of civil society

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Larysa Danilova ◽  
Maryna Huba ◽  
Yuliia Makieshyna
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Key Aspects

The article defines the concept of “civil society institutions” and presents their different types. The characteristic features of civil society institutions are identified, which distinguish them from other civil society organizations, like: common interest, activity or defined territory that unites citizens into an institutional organization of the civil society; their independence from local governments, public authorities, and other entities; non-commercial nature of their activities. The position of the civil society institutions development and their participation in governance as a component of the democratic state building, is highlighted in the article. The analysis of the normative-legal base, which regulates the legal relations of the interaction of civil society institutions with local self-government bodies, is carried out. It is established that the legal basis which regulates the interaction and legal relations of local governments with individual civil society institutions is the Constitution of Ukraine, international legal documents, other special laws of Ukraine, regulations. Based on the analysis, key aspects of cooperation are identified, which are proposed to be regulated by amending the Law of Ukraine “On Local Self-Government in Ukraine” which provides a separate article that will be the legal basis for building relations between all established civil society institutions and local governments. Analyzing the Decree of the President of Ukraine “On promoting the development of civil society in Ukraine” (2016), the authors concluded that it is necessary to regulate the aspects defined in this normative document and develop a strategy for cooperation between local governments and civil society institutions. The article proves the importance of using fundraising technology as a form of interaction between the researched subjects, which will satisfy their interests. The necessity of including fundraising technology in the strategy of development of interaction between local self-government bodies and civil society institutions is argued.

scholarly journals Constitutional and legal principles of regionalization in European countries: structural and functional characteristics of the mechanism of public power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Grynchak
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Democratic State

The article analyzes the basic principles of regionalization in European countries and highlights the key features of the mechanism of functioning of public authorities in the context of regionalization. The European experience convincingly shows that an effective decentralized system of territorial organization of public power and administration is an integral part of a modern democratic state governed by the rule of law. The institutional basis for such a system is effective local government and balanced regional development. Decentralization and regionalization are interconnected: regionalization cannot occur without decentralization. Regionalization is, in fact, decentralization, taking into account the regional characteristics of the state. Based on the principle of division of powers, for each democratic state it is necessary to delineate the competence of public authorities. In turn, it is extremely important to determine the optimal level of concentration of power powers for each institutional link in the public power system - with the subsequent transfer of “excess” powers to the subjects as close as possible to the population, that is, their decentralization. Regionalization means a way of defining and delimiting tasks and functions, in which most of them are transferred from the level of central bodies to a lower level and become their own tasks and powers of lower-level bodies, in particular, regions. Governance at the local level and in local affairs can be carried out in two ways: both by officials of the state apparatus appointed “from above”, functioning “on the ground” (officials of state authorities), and by local governments and other entities authorized by the state. It can also be noted that the share of administrative activities is assigned to regional bodies or other state-authorized entities. This decentralization of power in the state contributes to the development of democracy, because there is an expansion of the influence of territorial communities, social groups and the public on the implementation of public functions of government in order to optimally meet the diverse needs of the population. Regionalization is associated with the process of redistribution of public power resources (including power) between different levels and centers of public power in two directions: from the state to its internal formation (autonomies, subjects of the federation), and also from the state to cross-border structures and international centers public authorities (trans-European regions, international organizations, transnational corporations). Regionalism should be understood as an interconnected political and economic system that ensures the special status of regional entities in the political system of the state, the participation of regions in the implementation of state power, European integration and international relations, their relative economic and fiscal independence in a unitary and/or federal state. Regionalism is also expressed in policies that stimulate the endowing the regions with a certain degree of political independence. Regionalism is associated with the desire and movement of regions towards freedom of self-government, preservation and respect of their traditional culture and peculiar institutions.

scholarly journals Digital transformation of the public administration model in the regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Rakipov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Document Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Electronic Interaction ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Public Authorities

The purpose of the article. The aim of the article is to study the processes of digital transformation of the model of public administration in the regions. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the scientific works of scientists in the study of the system of digital transformation of public administration in the regions. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: theoretical generalization – determination of the main directions of modernization of public administration with the use of digital technologies; methods of statistical analysis – characteristics of the number of public authorities and local governments that provide the opportunity to use the tools of e-democracy. Results. The current state and main trends of digitalization of public administration are studied, which allowed to identify areas and areas of modernization of public administration on the basis of digital transformation, namely: modernization of public services; development of branch e-government; ensuring electronic interaction of state electronic information resources, unification and standardization of electronic registers, state databases, cross-border interaction centers; development of e-democracy and transition to digital document management systems. The level of application of these technologies differs significantly not only at the regional level, but also at the level of municipalities and individual communities and depends primarily on the political will of public administration and local self-government. An analysis of the state of digital transformation of public administration in Odesa region using surveys and studies of national and international rating agencies, which allowed to determine the current comparative state of digital adaptation of public administration in Odesa region and identify the most problematic issues that are typical for other regions and necessary to take into account when developing and implementing a regional strategy for digital transformation of the region for the next planning period, namely: administrative (comparative limited open data on budget information, regulations and procurement, insufficient use of e-democracy elements in management processes); technical (low quality of the basic information and communication infrastructure of e-government; insufficient level of IT support of internal document flow; understaffing of the workforce with the latest technology; problems with communication and quality of the Internet in some areas); organizational (lack of effective coordination, cooperation and control between different departments, functions and subsystems of public administration, low level of data protection) personnel (lack of highly qualified specialists) and financial. Practical meaning. Analysis of the data on the number of public authorities and local governments that provide the opportunity to use the tools of e-democracy will determine the prospects for further work for public authorities. Prospects for further research. Accelerating the transition to the digital administration model requires reengineering management systems, processes and functions in accordance with the capabilities provided by new technologies, in particular using a process approach to management and networking, creating a single regional platform, interactive databases, implementation of electronic democracy in decision-making processes.

scholarly journals Impact of local self-government on public development through implementation of infrastructure projects

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
A.O. Lepeshkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
The Impact

Analyzed is the problem of implementing infrastructure projects as one of resources of local governments and authorities in general for high-quality social development. Special attention is paid to studying the impact of infrastructure projects on quality of life of citizens, as well as identifying influence of managerial decisions of authorities on the quality of life in Russian cities. The article concludes, that new sociological studies identifying the pain points of regions and study the public demand for implementation of various types of infrastructure projects can become an additional motivation, and attract attention from public authorities to the issues, raised in the article, and as a result would contribute to creating a comfortable urban environment, as well as improving the standard of living of population.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE SOCIAL-LABOUR RELATIONS ON QUALITY LIFE POPULATION IN UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
Svitlana Prokhorovska
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Measures Of Concordance

Introduction. Social-labour problems in Ukraine, that a but upon the questions of national safety, predetermine cardinal changes in social-labour relations, that must assist in crease of quality life of population. Goal is to determine the directions of reforming social and labor relations within the framework of interaction between public authorities and local governments, united territorial communities to improve the quality and standard of living of the population. Results. Investigational, that the aim of adjusting of social-labour relations in СTС (corporated territorial communities) is providing of development of social-labour relations in society in the legal field and in direction of up grading life of population and basic tasks are distinguished. It is well-proven that a necessity is forming of the newest mechanisms of adjusting of social-labour relations in the in corporated territorial communities adapted under Ukrainian realities and solvent in case of their introduction to provide effective activity of organs local self-government in direction of not only adjusting of social labour relations in communities but also them steady development. Measures are distinguished in relation to the increase of level of profits from labour activity in CTC. The articles of social-labour relations are certain at the level of territorial communities. Reasonably, that at the level of territorial communities, influence of social-labour relations shows up in creation of stimuli and terms of development of social-labour relations at local level, adjusting of relations between the local subjects of social-labour sphere. Conclusions. Investigational, that creation economically of effective work places communities is basis of development of social-labour relations and employment, as they give an opportunity to develop creative potential of the hired worker, promote the level of his qualification, wage rate, and, thus, to improve quality life of capable of working population of communities. The measures of concordance of general interests of society, hired workers and employers, for the increase of efficiency of their activity and quality of life of population.

scholarly journals Constitutional Principles of Legal Regulation of Court Fees in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Buryi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Constitutional Justice ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Judicial Protection ◽  
State Of The Environment

This article presents a comparative analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On Court Fees”.The author emphasizes that the Constitution of Ukraine establishes an axiological basis for the legal regulation of the court fees and, at the same time, defines the relevant categories of cases, access to judicial protection in which should not be the subject to significant restrictions or should not be limited at all, namely in the cases of: challenging the decisions, actions or omissions of public authorities, local governments and officials; protection of the right to own property; protection of honour and dignity and business reputation; free access to the information about the state of the environment, the quality of food and household items, and others. The court fee in the constitutional justice is also singled out, which is substantiated by the special procedural and essential nature of the constitutional complaint. The author disputes the possibility of implementation of the court fee for filing a constitutional complaint, the doubtfulness of which is explained by the normative form of the constitutional complaint that does not provide a direct review of the court decision. Emphasis is placed on the provisions of the Constitution, which support the need to reform the existing concept of regulation of court fees, in particular the change in access to appeals and cassation appeals from progressive to the regressive court fee rate. It is emphasized that the Law of Ukraine “On Court Fees” does not fully comply with the Constitution of Ukraine. It is concluded that the Constitution of Ukraine provides the individualization of the amount of court fees that should depend on the stage of the proceedings, the category of the case, and the relevant range of entities that should be exempt from the court fees.

scholarly journals Political Communication of Legislative and Executive Branches of Power in Ukraine: Modern Realities

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-317
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Repetska
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Functional Feature ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
The Government

The structure of Legislative and Executive branches in the system of political communication in Ukraine, despite the comprehensive information resource of its institutions, is still lacking in its resonance of political rhetoric effectiveness at the stage of social articulation of social problems. The subjects of this structure are the Verkhovna Rada, the Cabinet of Ministers and the President of Ukraine. The reference to the functional feature of the government is a fairly common explanation of the process when the content of the concept of “Executive power” implies pragmatic actions. After all, the nature of technological operations of professionals in the fields of public administration models certain conditions for the emergence of political discourse. In the developed democracies, including Ukraine, to achieve maximum openness and transparency in the activities of the Legislative and Executive branches, predictable and effective mechanisms are functioning: political, regulatory, organizational, institutional, information and educational. Thus the transparency of the government must be properly ensured by the operation of the public dialogue at all of the decision-making stages, there should be a regular access to full, fair, accurate, understandable information about the actions of public authorities and its officials. In any democratic state, the effectiveness of public administration depends on the level of transparency and the quality of communication to the public on the work of its organs.

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