scholarly journals Improving Tensile Properties of Polylactic Acid Parts by Adjusting Printing Parameters of Open Source 3D Printers

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo TAO ◽  
Peng LI ◽  
Ling PAN
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Printing Parameters

Open source 3D printers (OS3DPs) have become increasingly more widespread in recent years because of their ease of use and budget friendliness, with the majority being fused deposition modeling (FDM) printers. However, due to natural deficiencies of the FDM printing methodology, different printing parameters can cause various properties of printed parts. To obtain printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts with improved tensile properties, a tension model of the part and an orthogonal experiment scheme were constructed in this paper. The effects of three printing parameters (layer height, orientation angle (OA) of the part, and print speed) on tensile properties (elastic modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break) were investigated. The results demonstrated that the printing parameters affected the tensile properties of PLA parts. Larger layer height and lower print speed contributed to the improvement of tensile strength. The OA of the part had the greatest effect on the parts’ elastic modulus and elongation at break among the three parameters. Both layer height and OA of the part affected part tensile strength significantly. In this research, layer height of 0.2 mm and print speed of 20 ~ 30 mm/s are found to be the optimal printing parameters. Adjusting the OA of the part can provide targeted tensile properties, and the parts with the OA of 45° resulted in the lowest tensile strength because the tensile force is only held by fibers parallel to the force orientation instead of all fibers.

A fuzzy logic model for prediction of tensile properties of epoxy/glass fiber/silica nanocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Daneshpayeh ◽  
Amir Tarighat ◽  
Faramarz Ashenai Ghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Silica Nanocomposites ◽  
Two Factors

The object of this work is to study and predict the tensile properties (tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation at break) of ternary nanocomposites based on epoxy/glass fiber/nanosilica using the fuzzy logic (FL). Two factors in three levels including glass fiber at 0, 5, and 10 wt% and nanosilica at 0, 0.5, and 1 wt% were chosen for adding to an epoxy matrix. From FL surfaces, it was found that the glass fiber content had a main role in the tensile properties of nanocomposites. The high levels of glass fiber content led to a significant increase in the elastic modulus and generally, the presence of glass fiber decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break. Also, addition of the nanosilica content resulted in an increased elastic modulus but decreased the elongation at break of nanocomposites. Finally, an FL model was obtained for each tensile property.

Influence of ABS print parameters on a 3D open-source, self-replicable printer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1733-1738
Author(s):  
André Luiz Alves Guimarães ◽  
Vicente Gerlin Neto ◽  
Cesar Renato Foschini ◽  
Maximiliano dos Anjos Azambuja ◽  
Luiz Antonio Vasques Hellmeister
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Parameters

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and discuss the influence of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) print by fused deposition modelling (FDM). The mechanical properties of ABS are highly influenced by printing parameters, and they determine the final product quality of printed pieces. Design/methodology/approach For the paper’s purpose, five main parameters (extrusion temperature, infill pattern, air gap, printing speed and layer thickness) were selected and varied during ABS printing on an open-source and self-replicable FDM printer. Three different colors of commercially available ABS were also used to investigate color and printing parameter’s influence on the tensile strength. Findings The research results suggest that two parameters (infill pattern and layer thickness) were most influential on the mechanical properties of print ABS, being able to enhance its tensile strength. Another key influential factor was material color selected prior to printing, which influenced the tensile strength of the print specimen. Originality/value This study provides information on print parameters’ influence on the tensile strength of ABS print on replicable open-source three-dimensional (3D) printers. It also suggests the influence of materials’ color on print pieces’ tensile strength, indicating a new parameter for materials selection for 3D printing.

Effect of Printing Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Parts Fabricated with Open-Source 3D Printers in PLA by Fused Deposition Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 895-908
Author(s):  
M. Ouhsti ◽  
B. El Haddadi ◽  
S. Belhouideg
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Printing Parameters

Abstract3D polymer-based printers have become easily accessible to the public. Usually, the technology used by these 3D printers is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The majority of these 3D printers mainly use acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA) to fabricate 3D objects. In order for the printed parts to be useful for specific applications, the mechanical properties of the printed parts must be known. The aim of this study is to determine the tensile strength and elastic modulus of printed materials in polylactic acid (PLA) according to three important printing parameters such as deposition angle, extruder temperature and printing speed. The central composite design (CCD) was used to reduce the number of tensile test experiments. The obtained results show that the mechanical properties of printed parts depend on printing parameters. Empirical models relating response and process parameters are developed. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the validity of models relating response and printing parameters. The optimal printing parameters are determined for the desired mechanical properties.

Effect of Corn Husk Content on Tensile Properties of Polylactic Acid Biocomposite Films

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Mohd Akmalhakim bin Dato’ Hasnan ◽  
Salmah Husseinsyah ◽  
Lim Bee Ying ◽  
Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Biocomposite Films

Nowadays bioplastics is the most recent study materials as the substitute for conventional plastics. The interest in bioplastics has lead to the production of polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposite films. In this study the PLA/Corn husk (CH) biocomposite films were prepared by using solvent casting method and the effect of CH content on the tensile properties were studied. The result found that increasing of CH content decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break of the biocomposites film. While, the modulus of elasticity increased with the increasing of CH content in the PLA matrix.

Influence of Layer Parameters in Fused Deposition Modeling Three-Dimensional Printing on the Tensile Strength of a Product

2020 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Vinh Du Nguyen ◽  
Thai Xiem Trinh ◽  
Son Minh Pham ◽  
Trong Huynh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printing Parameters

Additive manufacturing (3D printing) is a hopeful technique that is used to produce complex geometry parts in a layer-by-layer method. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a popular 3D printing technology for producing components of thermoplastic polymers. In FDM process, the part quality is influenced strongly by the printing parameters. Until now, these parameters stil need to be investigated. Therefore, in this study, the influence of FDM 3D printing parameters on the tensile strength of product will be investigated. By experiment, three parameters, that is, layer height, solid layer top, and first-layer height, were studied. The investigation shows that the layer height is the only parameter impacted the tensile strength of the product.

Graphite/Bio-Based Epoxy Composites: The Mechanical Properties Interface

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anika Zafiah M. Rus ◽  
Nur Munirah Abdullah ◽  
M.F.L. Abdullah ◽  
M. Izzul Faiz Idris
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Dispersion Condition ◽  
Strong Interfacial Bonding

Graphite reinforced bio-based epoxy composites with different particulate fractions of graphite were investigated for mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation at break. The graphite content was varied from 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 25 wt.%, 30 wt.% by weight percent in the composites. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites mainly depend on dispersion condition of the treated graphite filler, aggregate structure and strong interfacial bonding between treated graphite in the bio-based epoxy matrix. The composites showed improved tensile strength and elastic modulus with increase treated graphite weight loading. This also revealed the composites with increasing filler content was decreasing the elongation at break.

Tensile Properties of Polypropylene/Cocoa Pod Husk Biocomposites: Effect of Maleated Polypropylene

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koay Seong Chun ◽  
Salmah Husseinsyah ◽  
Hakimah Osman
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene ◽  
Matrix Interaction ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polypropylene/Cocoa Pod Husk (PP/CPH) biocomposites with different maleated polypropylene (MAPP) content were prepared via melt blending process using Brabender Plastrograph mixer. The tensile strength and tensile modulus of PP/CPH biocomposites increased with increasing of MAPP content. The PP/CPH biocomposites with 5 phr of MAPP showed the optimum improvement on tensile properties. However, the increased of MAPP content reduced the elongation at break of PP/CPH biocomposites. At 5 phr of MAPP content, PP/CPH biocomposites showed lowest elongation at break. Scanning electron microscope confirms the PP/CPH biocomposites with MAPP have better filler-matrix interaction and adhesion due to the effect of MAPP.

scholarly journals The effects of alkanolamide addition on cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and tensile properties of silica-filled natural rubber (NR) / chloroprene rubber (CR) blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 01030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Surya ◽  
Syahrul Fauzi Siregar ◽  
Hanafi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Swelling Behaviour ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber

Effects of alkanolamide (ALK) addition on cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and tensile properties of silica-filled natural rubber (NR)/chloroprene rubber (CR) blends were investigated. The ALK was synthesized from Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Stearin (RBDPS) and diethanolamine, and incorporated into the silica-filled NR/CR blends as a non-toxic rubber additive. The ALK loadings were 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 7.0 phr. It was found that the ALK exhibited shorter scorch and cure times and higher elongation at break of the silica-filled NR/CR blends. The ALK also exhibited higher torque differences, tensile modulus and tensile strength at a 1.0 phr of ALK loading and then decreased with further increases in the ALK loading. The swelling measurement proved that the 1.0 phr loading of ALK caused the highest degree in crosslink density of the silica-filled NR/CR blends.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Multimaterials ABS/PC Parts: Effect of Printing Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Pui-Voon Yap ◽  
Ming-Yeng Chan ◽  
Seong-Chun Koay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Printing Speed

This research work highlights the mechanical properties of multi-material by fused deposition modelling (FDM). The specimens for tensile and flexural test have been printed using polycarbonate (PC) material at different combinations of printing parameters. The effects of varied printing speed, infill density and nozzle diameter on the mechanical properties of specimens have been investigated. Multi-material specimens were fabricated with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as the base material and PC as the reinforced material at the optimum printing parameter combination. The specimens were then subjected to mechanical testing to observe their tensile strength, Young’s modulus, percentage elongation, flexural strength and flexural modulus. The outcome of replacing half of ABS with PC to create a multi-material part has been examined. As demonstrated by the results, the optimum combination of printing parameters is 60 mm/s printing speed, 15% infill density and 0.8 mm nozzle diameter. The combination of ABS and PC materials as reinforcing material has improved the tensile strength (by 38.46%), Young’s modulus (by 23.40%), flexural strength (by 23.90%) and flexural modulus (by 37.33%) while reducing the ductility by 14.31% as compared to pure ABS. The results have been supported by data and graphs of the analysed specimens.

scholarly journals Suitability of Recycled PLA Filament Application in Fused Filament Fabrication Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Tomislav Breški ◽  
Lukas Hentschel ◽  
Damir Godec ◽  
Ivica Đuretek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Layer Height ◽  
Printing Parameters

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is currently one of the most popular additive manufacturing processes due to its simplicity and low running and material costs. Support structures, which are necessary for overhanging surfaces during production, in most cases need to be manually removed and as such, they become waste material. In this paper, experimental approach is utilised in order to assess suitability of recycling support structures into recycled filament for FFF process. Mechanical properties of standardized specimens made from recycled polylactic acid (PLA) filament as well as influence of layer height and infill density on those properties were investigated. Optimal printing parameters for recycled PLA filaments are determined with Design of Experiment methods (DOE).

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