Taylors Agenten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Falkenberg
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Order Picking ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Assistance Systems

Mobile assistance systems are associated with promises of relief and greater independence at work. At the same time, they are suspected of conducting seamless surveillance of employees. Using the example of order picking, the qualitative case studies in this book show that the aforementioned systems contribute to the intensification and standardisation of work, but are hardly used to monitor workers. The reasons for this are manifold and lie in regulated working conditions and co-determination, work process requirements, technical limitations, alternative control practices or the maintenance of social relations. The findings of this book show that one-sided forecasts fall short of assessing the true impact of mobile assistance systems.

scholarly journals Digital Workers of the World Unite! A Framework for Critically Theorising and Analysing Digital Labour

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fuchs ◽  
Marisol Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
New Products ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Work Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Labour Power ◽  
Mode Of Production

The overall task of this paper is to elaborate a typology of the forms of labour that are needed for the production, circulation and use of digital media. First, we introduce a cultural-materialist perspective on theorising digital labour. Second, we discuss the relevance of Marx’s concept of the mode of production for the analysis of digital labour. Third, we introduce a typology of the dimensions of working conditions. Fourth, based on the preceding sections we present a digital labour analysis toolbox. Finally, we draw some conclusions. We engage with the question what labour is, how it differs from work, which basic dimensions it has and how these dimensions can be used for defining digital labour. We introduce the theoretical notion of the mode of production as analytical tool for conceptualizing digital labour. Modes of production are dialectical units of relations of production and productive forces. Relations of production are the basic social relations that shape the economy. Productive forces are a combination of labour power, objects and instruments of work in a work process, in which new products are created. We have a deeper look at dimensions of the work process and the conditions under which it takes place. We present a typology that identifies dimensions of working conditions. It is a general typology that can be used for the analysis of any production process.

STAGES IN SOCIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Venelin Terziev ◽  
Preslava Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Society ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The social policy of a country is a set of specific activities aimed at regulating the social relations between different in their social status subjects. This approach to clarifying social policy is also called functional and essentially addresses social policy as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality in society. It provides an opportunity to look for inequalities in the economic positions of individuals in relation to ownership, labor and working conditions, distribution of income and consumption, social security and health, to look for the sources of these inequalities and their social justification or undue application.The modern state takes on social functions that seek to regulate imbalances, to protect weak social positions and prevent the disintegration of the social system. It regulates the processes in society by harmonizing interests and opposing marginalization. Every modern country develops social activities that reflect the specifics of a particular society, correspond to its economic, political and cultural status. They are the result of political decisions aimed at directing and regulating the process of adaptation of the national society to the transformations of the market environment. Social policy is at the heart of the development and governance of each country. Despite the fact that too many factors and problems affect it, it largely determines the physical and mental state of the population as well as the relationships and interrelationships between people. On the other hand, social policy allows for a more global study and solving of vital social problems of civil society. On the basis of the programs and actions of political parties and state bodies, the guidelines for the development of society are outlined. Social policy should be seen as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality between different individuals and social groups in society. Its importance is determined by the possibility of establishing on the basis of the complex approach: the economic positions of the different social groups and individuals, by determining the differences between them in terms of income, consumption, working conditions, health, etc .; to explain the causes of inequality; to look for concrete and specific measures to overcome the emerging social disparities.

How a Lingua Franca Spreads

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Mc Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Speakers Of Other Languages ◽  
Realistic View ◽  
Atlantic Language ◽  
The City

This chapter considers how Wolof, an Atlantic language spoken in Senegal, has become an important lingua franca, and how French has contributed to the ascent of Wolof. The nature of social relations between Africans and French in cities along the Atlantic coast in the 18th and 19th centuries were such that a prestigious urban way of speaking Wolof that made liberal use of French borrowings became the language of the city. As an index of urban belonging, opportunity, and modernity, Wolof was viewed as a useful language, a trend that has continued up to the present. Four case studies illustrate how the use of Wolof facilitates mobility for speakers of other languages in Senegal. By drawing a distinction between the formal and informal language sectors, this chapter offers a more realistic view of everyday language practices in Senegal, where Wolof is the dominant language.

scholarly journals How Children in Germany Experience Refugees: A Contribution From Childhood Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Andresen ◽  
Sascha Neumann ◽  
Ulrich Schneekloth
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Fourth World ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
World Vision

AbstractThis paper deals with perceptions, encounters and experiences of children with refugees and refugee children in Germany. It is based on the Fourth World Vision Children Study, which is regularly conducted in Germany since 2007. The study is based on a representative survey among 6- to 11-year-old children, which was combined with qualitative case studies and focuses on children´s well-being, their fears, their concerns as well as their attitudes toward other societal groups and contemporary political issues. For the survey of the Fourth World Vision Children Study, in the questionnaire there were also items included which should allow collecting data on children´s encounters and experiences with refugees, and particularly refugees who are their peers. This paper presents the approach taken in the study and how it is embedded conceptually in childhood studies before reporting and discussing selected findings on the experiences of children in Germany with refugees in their neighbourhood and among their peers. The findings presented in this paper refer to contact as well as interactions and opportunities for establishing friendships between refugee and non-refugee children. This is followed by a discussion of the implications these findings have in terms of consequences for supporting refugee children when arriving at Germany. In the conclusion, we will finally point out the implications of our study for the broader field of childhood studies in social sciences.

scholarly journals Chiming In: A Computer-Assisted Analysis of Popular Musicians’ Political Engagement on Twitter

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512110190
Author(s):  
Josephine Lukito ◽  
Luis Loya ◽  
Carlos Dávalos ◽  
Jianing Li ◽  
Chau Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Christian Music ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Systematic Examination ◽  
Assisted Analysis

While music as an artistic form is well studied, the individuals behind the art receive relatively less attention. In this article, we provide evidence of celebrity advocacy with a systematic examination of musicians’ political engagement on Twitter. This study estimates the extent to which musicians use Twitter for political purposes, with particular attention to whether such engagement varies across music genres. Through a computational-assisted analysis of 2,286,434 tweets, we group 881 musicians into three categories of political engagement on Twitter: not engaged (comprising the majority of artists), circumstantial engagement, and active political engagement. We examine the latter categories in detail with two qualitative case studies. The findings indicate that musicians from different genres have distinct patterns of political engagement. The Christian music genre shows the most engagement as a whole, especially in philanthropy. On the contrary, the most active accounts are rock and hip-hop artists, some of whom discuss political issues and call for mobilization. We conclude with suggestions for future research.

On Others’ Emotions, and Ours: a Reflection on Narratives, Categories, and Heuristic Devices

Relations ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Sabrina Tonutti
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Collective Phenomena ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Heuristic Devices

This article reflects on some epistemological and methodological tenets of cultural anthropology such as the informants’ role in ethnographical research, the relation between collective phenomena and individuals, and that between case studies (individual level) and abstraction (generalization). These tenets will be addressed focusing on the lack of recognition of animals’ individuality and agency in social relations, and on the related humans/animals opposition. With the topic of the emotional lives of animals as a starting point, the essay sets out to reflect on how the narratives we use to interpret and describe them inform our enquiry within an anthropocentric and essentialist view, consequently biasing our understanding of diversity.

Audience Costs and the Credibility of Commitments

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
The Political ◽  
Audience Costs ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Political Costs ◽  
Large N ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Threats and promises are prevalent in international relations (IR). However, deception is also a possibility in diplomacy. Why should one state believe that another state is not merely bluffing? How can a state credibly communicate its threats and promises to others? The IR scholarship suggests that one way by which a state may make its commitments credible is by generating audience costs—the political costs a leader suffers from publicly issuing a threat or promise and then failing to follow through. There is a broad and methodologically diverse literature on the existence, mechanisms, and effectiveness of audience costs. The concept of audience costs has also been applied to explain many phenomena in IR. This article examines the IR scholarship on audience costs across different methodological approaches, including qualitative case studies, large-N statistical tests, and survey experiments.

scholarly journals Developing psyhological resistance of dentists when rendering medical services at the (MAI) Municipal autonomous institition «(DP) Dental Clinic No 12»

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Чернавский ◽  
A. Chernavskiy ◽  
И. Петров ◽  
I. Petrov ◽  
О. Белова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
System Type ◽  
Major Subject ◽  
Emotional Resistance

<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Psychological resistance of a doctor refers to the ability to keep normal function of mind under changing circumstances and/or under pressure when giving medical treatment. The said ability is not a genetically built-in one, but is to be developed it together with forming a doctor’s personality during his or her study and work process. Psychological and emotional resistance of a doctor depends on the nervous system type (a person’s temper and individual qualities), on his or her background, skills, professional quali cation level, social manners and the nature of work. It is vital to create conditions conducive to developing psychological resistance of a dentist rendering medical services in a medical organization such as creating creating optimal working conditions to reduce the stress level, creating psychological and organization comfort at the work place; increasing the autonomy of a dentist when dealing with a patient by making him or her more competent not only in the major subject but also in such allied subjects as clinical psychology and science of con icts, creating a positive socio-psychological climate within an by way of conducting trainings, teaching dentists to relax, to conduct auto-training. </span></p>

scholarly journals Empresas recuperadas por trabalhadores no Brasil e na Argentina

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Flávio Chedid Henriques ◽  
Michel Jean-Marie Thiollent
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Capitalist Mode ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mode Of Production

Este artigo é resultado de uma tese de doutorado que teve como objetivo identificar inovações no campo da organização do trabalho produzidas pelas experiências de empresas recuperadas por trabalhadores no Brasil e na Argentina. A tese central defendida é a de que as limitações impostas pela hegemonia do modo de produção capitalista não encerram a possibilidade de construção de novas relações sociais de produção. Os cinco estudos de caso realizados e a experiência de levantamentos da totalidade das experiências de empresas recuperadas nos dois países forneceram elementos que permitiram problematizar em vários aspectos a organização capitalista do trabalho e, por meio de uma crítica prática, como sugere Rebón (2007), propiciaram a reflexão sobre a possibilidade de superação do modelo hegemônico, que não passa apenas pela inovação no interior das organizações, mas também da relação dessas empresas com seus territórios.Palavras-chave: empresas recuperadas por trabalhadores; organização do trabalho; autogestão; estudos organizacionais críticos. Abstract: This article is the result of a doctoral thesis which aims to identify innovations in the field of labour organization produced by the experiences of companies recovered by workers in Brazil and Argentina. The central thesis defended is that the limitations imposed by the hegemony of the capitalist mode of production do not dismiss the possibility of building new social relations of production. The five case studies and the experience with surveys of all experiences recuperated enterprises in the two countries provided information that allowed questioning in several respects the capitalist organization of work and, through a critical practice, as suggested Rebón (2007), propitiated reflection on the possibility of overcoming the hegemonic model, it is not only about innovation within organizations, but also the relationship of these companies with their territories. Keywords: companies recovered by workers; work organization; workers self-management; critical management studies.

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