scholarly journals Sustainable Horticultural Waste Management: Industrial and Environmental Perspective

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahidul Hassan ◽  
Md. Noor-E-Azam Khan ◽  
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽  
Maksuratun Nahar Suborna ◽  
Jiasmin Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Sustainable Ecology ◽  
Sustainable Extraction

Horticultural crops are highly nutritious and shared lion portion of our daily diet. These items are consumed in different ways according to their nature and processing processes. These days, a crucial concerning issue is arising globally to ensure nutrition security for huge population that leads to focus on production increase, quality improvement, food safety assurance, and processing strategies. Consequently, a large amount of waste generates in the processing industries, household kitchen, and supply chain of horticultural commodities that has led to a significant nutrition and economic loss, consequently creating environment pollution with extensive burden of landfills. However, these wastes showed magnificent potentiality of re-utilization in several industries owing to as rich source of different bioactive compounds and phytochemicals. Therefore, sustainable extraction methods and utilization strategies deserve the extensive investigations. This review paper extensively illustrates the horticultural waste generation options, sustainable recycling strategies, and potentiality of recycled products in different industries for betterment in population with the assurance of green environment and sustainable ecology.

Direct and residual contact toxicity of insecticides toHalyomorpha halys(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Gradish ◽  
H. Fraser ◽  
C.D. Scott-Dupree
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Contact Exposure

AbstractHalyomorpha halys(Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a serious invasive pest of many agricultural and horticultural crops in Canada and the United States of America. To mitigate economic loss for growers, effective management options forH. halysare needed. We evaluated the efficacy of 12 insecticides (Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Cordycipitaceae), boric acid, chlorpyrifos, clothianidin, flupryadifurone, λ-cyhalothrin, malathion, novaluron, sulfoxaflor, thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam + λ-cyhalothrin, and thiamethoxam + novaluron) currently used or with potential forH. halysmanagement by determining their direct and residual contact toxicity toH. halysnymphs. Each insecticide was tested at its Canadian label rate and half and twice that rate. With the exception of chlorpyrifos, nymph mortality was low (< 40%) following direct or residual contact exposure to all insecticides and rates. All surviving nymphs were severely affected (i.e., knocked down) by direct and residual contact exposure to neonicotinoids, while approximately 66% of nymphs were severely affected following exposure to sulfloxaflor residues at label and twice label rate. However, few nymphs were severely affected by all other insecticides and rates. Overall, our results suggest thatH. halysis not susceptible to many insecticides at current label rates for Canada. More research is needed to identify efficacious insecticides forH. halys.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Properties of the Mucilage Extracted from Fresh and Dehydrated Opuntia ficus indica Cladodes

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2137
Author(s):  
Michelle Quintero-García ◽  
Elsa Gutiérrez-Cortez ◽  
Moustapha Bah ◽  
Alejandra Rojas-Molina ◽  
María de los Angeles Cornejo-Villegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Mechanical Separation ◽  
Texture Attributes ◽  
Sustainable Extraction

The development of sustainable extraction methods to obtain natural products constitutes a challenge for the food industry. The aim of this work was to compare yield, separation efficiency, chemical composition, and physicochemical properties of the mucilage extracted from fresh cladodes (FNM) and mucilage extracted from dehydrated cladodes (DNM) of O. ficus indica. Suspensions of fresh and dehydrated cladodes (4% w/w) were prepared for mucilage extraction by using a mechanical separation process. Subsequently, the separated mucilage was precipitated with ethyl alcohol (1:2 v/v) then, yield and separation efficiency were determined. The mucilage was characterized by measuring Z potential, viscosity, color, and texture attributes. Additionally, chemical proximate analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted. No significant differences (p < 0.05) were detected in the yield and separation efficiencies between samples. Nevertheless, the dehydration process of cladodes prior to mucilage extraction increased protein, ashes, nitrogen free extract, and calcium content. The viscosity was higher in DNM than in FNM. The TGA revealed a different thermal behavior between samples. In addition, the DNM showed lower L (darkness/lightness), cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and springiness values than those of FNM. These results support that differences found between the chemical and physicochemical properties of DNM and those of FNM will determine the applications of the mucilage obtained from the O. ficus indica cladodes in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Peels: Utilization of High Value Horticultural Waste in Novel Industrial Applications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Kumar ◽  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Kamil Kuča ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Fully Cooked

Fruits and vegetables are the highly used food products amongst the horticultural crops. These items are consumed uncooked, nominally cooked or fully cooked, according to their nature and cooking process. With the change in diet habits and rising population, the production, as well as the processing of horticultural crops, has exponentially improved to meet its increasing demand. A large amount of peel waste is generated from fruit and vegetable-based industries and household kitchen and has led to a big nutritional and economic loss and environmental problems. Processing of fruits and vegetables alone generates a significant waste, which amounts to 25–30% of the total product. Most common wastes include pomace, peels, rind and seeds, which are highly rich in valuable bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, enzymes, polyphenols, oils, vitamins and many other compounds. These bioactive compounds show their application in various industries such as food to develop edible films, food industries for probiotics and other industries for valuable products. The utilization of these low-cost waste horticultural wastes for producing the value-added product is a novel step in its sustainable utilization. The present review intends to summarize the different types of waste originating from fruits as well as vegetables peels and highlight their potential in developing edible films, probiotics, nanoparticles, carbon dots, microbial media, biochar and biosorbents.

scholarly journals Economical evaluation of externalities using partial equilibrium model

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
A.S. Strokov ◽  
◽  
D.S. Ternovsky ◽  
V.Yu. Potashnikov ◽  
A.A. Potapova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Forestry Products

Our research investigation shows the possible pathways of natural resource economy with respect of externalities. We analyzed the development of agricultural and forestry products’ export from Russia to China, and the externalities were evaluated as greenhouse gas emissions. We developed five scenarios of Russian economic development until 2030 and 2050 on terms of domestic improvements in soy, rapeseed and corn production, wood production, increase of exports to China. After applying the partial equilibrium model we introduced a correct measure of possible profit by a monetary value of emitted greenhouse gas. In contrast to previous research instead of carbon tax we suggest a measure of social cost of carbon. Our estimates show that it could be effective at 68 USD per 1 metric ton of CO2 equivalent. This method was supposed to evaluate correctly the economic loss from extensive development of forestry and agriculture, taking into account monetary evaluation of externalities. Our results showed that extracting natural resources should be balanced by appropriate ecological programs. This could include but should not be limited to conservation of some part of the territory, which will help to decrease overall GHG emissions, and improve the balance of emissions with respective carbon sequestr on abandoned (conserved) land, which here will be an additional indicator of reducing negative externalities.

scholarly journals Looking at Flavonoid Biodiversity in Horticultural Crops: A Colored Mine with Nutritional Benefits

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelia Scarano ◽  
Marcello Chieppa ◽  
Angelo Santino
Keyword(s):  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Flavonoids represent a wide group of plant secondary metabolites implicated in many physiological roles, from the attraction of pollinators to the protection against biotic or abiotic stresses. Flavonoids are synthetized in a number of horticultural crops that are important components of our daily diet. In the last decades, the consumption of vegetables rich in antioxidants has been strongly promoted from the perspective of prevention/protection against chronic diseases. Therefore, due to their nutritional importance, several attempts have been made to enhance flavonoid levels in species of agronomic interest. In this review, we focus on the flavonoid biodiversity among the major horticultural species, which is responsible of differences among closely related species and influences the qualitative/quantitative composition. We also review the role of flavonoids in the nutritional quality of plant products, contributing to their organoleptic and nutritional properties, and the main strategies of biofortification to increase their content.

scholarly journals Quality management and safety assurance in Horticultural chains of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Kamrul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
The Government

Horticultural produce, especially fruits and vegetables, are rich sources of phytochemicals, namely vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Currently, controlling quality and assuring safety of fruits and vegetables in supply chain has become one of the most challenging issues in Bangladesh. Often consumers are dissatisfied with the poor quality produce due mainly to the sub-standard postharvest handling practices. Side by side, the issue of food safety has been emerged as the most serious threat in the context of nutrition security and public health of the country. There are huge concerns over the use of harmful chemicals during production and postproduction stages. The main concerns are related to the presence of heavy metals, chemical residues and microbial contamination. Hence, immediate interventions are needed to stop any malpractice during production and marketing of fruits and vegetables. The recently introduced Food Safety Act 2013 and Formalin Control Act 2014 are two important steps from the Government of Bangladesh to deal with this deep-rooted concern. Apart from laws, various training and awareness programmes are needed so that the relevant stakeholders adopt improved practices to maintain quality and safety of produce along the supply chains. Consumption of good quality, nutritious and safe fruits and vegetables can only be assured if quality and safety control can be ensured at the production (manures, fertilizers, waters, pesticides, plant growth regulators, etc.) and postproduction (during harvesting, sorting, grading, washing, packaging, transporting, storing, processing and marketing) stages. Since, the problem is interdisciplinary and complex, there should have strong coordination among the various groups in the society including producers, traders, processors, policymakers, law enforcing agencies, researchers, physicians, civil society representatives, and other relevant GOs and NGOs in order to prevent the malpractice and improve the quality and safety situation in the horticultural chains of Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v1i1.22346 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.1(1): 1-11, Dec 2014

scholarly journals The Anti-Nemic Potential of Mushroom against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Elkhateeb WA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Plant-parasitic nematodes are responsible for huge annual economic loss that is estimated to be more than 215 billion US$ worldwide due to plants damages caused by nematodes. The root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne spp.) is ranked first in the global list of top ten plant-parasitic nematodes, with wide host range of more than 3000 host plant species and posing a major threat in the cultivation of agricultural, vegetables, and horticultural crops. Such pathogens are commonly controlled using chemical nematicides. However, the risk of using such chemicals on human, animals, and surrounding environment has forced researchers to search for natural, less harmful, and effective nematicidal agents. In this review, we discuss the biological control of nematodes by different microorganisms, stressing on the promising capabilities of some mushrooms such as some species of Pleurotus, Beauveria, Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinus edodes.

scholarly journals Review on Browntop Millet- A Forgotten Crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
P. Ashoka ◽  
N. H. Sunitha
Keyword(s):  
Warm Season ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Food Grain

Browntop millet is a warm season crop and it can produce heavy seeds compared to other millets. This crop grown on a variety of soils and climates. It can be used as a wild life food crop, livestock grazing crop, for erosion control, hay production and also as a food grain crop. Millets are the major food source in arid and semi-arid parts of the world. Although India is the top most producers of millets, observed a steady decline in its production and utilization. Brown top millets provide nearly all essential nutrients. Brown top millet referred as miracle or positive crop for the dry and rainfed situations. The Brown top millet is known for its rapid forage production. It is grown for several other purposes like cover crop in plantation crop for soil erosion control and for high straw production. It suppresses root-knot nematode in the soil. This millet can be recommended in daily diet, there is a need to encourage the farming community to grow this crop thus contributing in achieving nutrition security. The nutrient content of browntop millet is on par with other millets and cultivation of this crop is also easier. Hence, there is an urgent need to popularize this millet.

The Mere Exposure Effect and Recognition Depend on the Way You Look! *S. W. and J. D. contributed equally to this study.

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Willems ◽  
Jonathan Dedonder ◽  
Martial Van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Differential Effect ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Mere Exposure ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Mere Exposure Effect ◽  
Exposure Effect ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Explicit Recognition ◽  
Analytic Strategy

In line with Whittlesea and Price (2001) , we investigated whether the memory effect measured with an implicit memory paradigm (mere exposure effect) and an explicit recognition task depended on perceptual processing strategies, regardless of whether the task required intentional retrieval. We found that manipulation intended to prompt functional implicit-explicit dissociation no longer had a differential effect when we induced similar perceptual strategies in both tasks. Indeed, the results showed that prompting a nonanalytic strategy ensured performance above chance on both tasks. Conversely, inducing an analytic strategy drastically decreased both explicit and implicit performance. Furthermore, we noted that the nonanalytic strategy involved less extensive gaze scanning than the analytic strategy and that memory effects under this processing strategy were largely independent of gaze movement.

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