scholarly journals Functionality Based Design of Sustainable Bio-Composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Rajbanul Akhond ◽  
Ahmed Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Design Scheme ◽  
Filler Dispersion ◽  
Matrix Reinforcement ◽  
Selection Of

Bio-composites have diverse functional demands for many structural, electrical, electronic, and medical applications. An expansion of the composite functionality is achieved by manipulating the material and design scheme. Smart selection of matrix-reinforcement combinations will lead to applications that have never even been considered. Research holds a huge potential to create a wide variety of usable materials by mixing different fillers and modifying the parameters. Apart from selecting the polymer and the filler, the engineer will have to understand the compatibility of the polymer and the filler, dispersion, and bonding behavior making the design of polymer nanocomposite a rather complex system. In this chapter, we have tried to display different functional materials development pursuit.

scholarly journals Advanced Functional Materials Based on Nanocellulose for Pharmaceutical/Medical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Raluca Nicu ◽  
Florin Ciolacu ◽  
Diana E. Ciolacu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Vivo Cytotoxicity

Nanocelluloses (NCs), with their remarkable characteristics, have proven to be one of the most promising “green” materials of our times and have received special attention from researchers in nanomaterials. A diversity of new functional materials with a wide range of biomedical applications has been designed based on the most desirable properties of NCs, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and their special physicochemical properties. In this context and under the pressure of rapid development of this field, it is imperative to synthesize the successes and the new requirements in a comprehensive review. The first part of this work provides a brief review of the characteristics of the NCs (cellulose nanocrystals—CNC, cellulose nanofibrils—CNF, and bacterial nanocellulose—BNC), as well as of the main functional materials based on NCs (hydrogels, nanogels, and nanocomposites). The second part presents an extensive review of research over the past five years on promising pharmaceutical and medical applications of nanocellulose-based materials, which have been discussed in three important areas: drug-delivery systems, materials for wound-healing applications, as well as tissue engineering. Finally, an in-depth assessment of the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of NCs-based materials, as well as the challenges related to their biodegradability, is performed.

scholarly journals Descriptors for High Throughput in Structural Materials Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Steinbacher ◽  
Gabriela Alexe ◽  
Michael Baune ◽  
Ilya Bobrov ◽  
Ingmar Bösing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Classical Characterization ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Characteristic Microstructure ◽  
Intense Process

The development of novel structural materials with increasing mechanical requirements is a very resource-intense process if conventional methods are used. While there are high-throughput methods for the development of functional materials, this is not the case for structural materials. Their mechanical properties are determined by their microstructure, so that increased sample volumes are needed. Furthermore, new short-time characterization techniques are required for individual samples which do not necessarily measure the desired material properties, but descriptors which can later be mapped on material properties. While universal micro-hardness testing is being commonly used, it is limited in its capability to measure sample volumes which contain a characteristic microstructure. We propose to use alternative and fast deformation techniques for spherical micro-samples in combination with classical characterization techniques such as XRD, DSC or micro magnetic methods, which deliver descriptors for the microstructural state.

scholarly journals Design and manufacture of artificial organs made of polymers

2019 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 06006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Macko ◽  
Zbigniew Szczepański ◽  
Dariusz Mikołajewski ◽  
Joanna Nowak ◽  
Emilia Mikołajewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Selection Of

New technologies such as 3D printing and reverse engineering are becoming increasingly popular, including in medical applications. The paper presents possible ways to use 3D printing in the area of increasing the level of medical training specialists in their daily clinical practice and in the selection of the appropriate scenario before a real surgical operation. Descriptions of the projects carried out with the surgeons aimed at achieving the aforementioned goals were presented. The presented concepts are relatively new solutions, but their further development may lead to the extension of the field of application of these techniques in medicine, among others in relation to other specialties.

scholarly journals The use of polymer materials for medical applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
D. M. Los' ◽  
V. M. Shapovalov ◽  
S. V. Zotov
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Practical Medicine ◽  
Selection Of

The article analyzes the use of polymer materials for solving problems of theoretical and practical medicine. The effectiveness of the use of polymers in reconstructive cardiac surgery, radiation therapy, etc. has been shown. The basic requirements set for polymers and composites for medical devices have been identified. The most important criterion for the selection of polymers is the safety of their use in clinical practice and their ability to biodegrade when they enter a living organism along the usual metabolic pathways in the absence of inflammatory and allergic reactions of surrounding tissues during longterm followup care.

scholarly journals Computational design of heterogeneous catalysts and gas separation materials for advanced chemical processing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiwei Shi ◽  
Teng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gas Separation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computational Screening

Abstract Functional materials are widely used in chemical industry in order to reduce the process cost while simultaneously increase the product quality. Considering their significant effects, systematic methods for the optimal selection and design of materials are essential. The conventional synthesis-and-test method for materials development is inefficient and costly. Additionally, the performance of the resulting materials is usually limited by the designer’s expertise. During the past few decades, computational methods have been significantly developed and they now become a very important tool for the optimal design of functional materials for various chemical processes. This article selectively focuses on two important process functional materials, namely heterogeneous catalyst and gas separation agent. Theoretical methods and representative works for computational screening and design of these materials are reviewed.

scholarly journals Predicting the chemical reactivity of organic materials using a machine-learning approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (30) ◽  
pp. 7813-7822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungju Lee ◽  
Jaekyun Yoo ◽  
Kisuk Kang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
System P ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Selection Of

Stability and compatibility between chemical components are essential parameters that need to be considered in the selection of functional materials in configuring a system.

Modeling the Dynamics of Innovation in Engineered Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Michel Naim ◽  
Kemper Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Culinary Arts ◽  
Dimensional Growth ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Performance Capability ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Innovation in engineering design remains a topic that lacks a formal and consistent framework. It is difficult developing a consistent definition of innovation since it is a phenomenon that is multidisciplinary in nature and present in every facet of our lives from engineering products to the performing and culinary arts. It is thus important to distinguish the general definition of innovation with its applicability in the engineering domain. Furthermore, the dynamic nature of innovation is oftentimes lost when designers try to model innovation in a complex system. The reality is that the perceived engineering innovation in a complex system can be influenced at various levels. It is thus important to provide a tool for designers that provides a clear understanding of the effects of technological progress on the overall performance capability of a complex system. This paper provides a framework to model engineering innovation in engineered systems by introducing an N-Dimensional Growth Model and applying it in the early stages of a design process in order to assist the designer in the selection of technologically innovative concepts.

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