The Most Meridional Border in Europe. Demographic and Environmental Changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Naranjo Gómez ◽  
Jacinto Garrido Velarde ◽  
José Martín Gallardo ◽  
José Manuel Jurado Almonte ◽  
Julian Mora Aliseda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Area ◽  
Shared Management ◽  
Territorial Management ◽  
Peripheral Areas

Between 38°50′30”N/7° 04’35 W and 37°10′13”N/7°23′38”W has located the southernmost border of Europe, which stands apart from Portugal and Spain, which separates part of Portugal and Spain, making it one of the furthest from the central European area. A feature of this Spanish-Portuguese border stretch is that it is closely linked to the Guadiana River, one of the major waterways that cross the Iberian Peninsula from east to west. In 1998, the Albufeira Convention was signed, promoting Iberian cooperation at a scientific and technical level to strengthen the links of communication and collaboration at the technical level - the challenge of shared management of the waters and international basins that affect both countries. The Convention presented challenges and objectives on which the competent administrations have been working since then. Another peculiarity of this territory, except in a few situations, is its low population density. Therefore, knowing the demographic and environmental changes of the municipalities bordering the ‘Raya’ (common name as the border is known in these areas) constitutes valuable information that leads to the territorial management of these peripheral areas.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Cargo Flows on Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Poletan Jugović ◽  
Natalija Jolić ◽  
Zvonko Kavran
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Central European ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
European Area ◽  
Transit Market ◽  
The Republic

Pan-European Corridor V that passes through the territory of the Republic of Croatia, i.e. Branches VB (Rijeka-Zagreb-Budapest) i VC (Budapest-Osijek-Sarajevo-Ploče) are of extreme importance for the traffic and economic system of the Republic of Croatia and the wider European area. Taking this into consideration, this study has analysed the relevant indicators of the traffic growth, structure and dynamics of the cargo flows on the Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V. The cargo flows, as important elements of the traffic demand have been analysed regarding the presence of competition of alternative North-Adriatic and North-European traffic routes as important element of competitive environment in fighting to attract valuable transit market of Central Europe. Based on a detailed analysis of concrete statistical data, significant conclusions are derived about: quantity, dynamics and structure of the cargo flows, current traffic demand, competitiveness of corridors on Central European transit market, expected traffic demand, and conclusions about factors and circumstances that would positively, i.e. negatively affect the growth of cargo flows, and thus also the valorisation of the analysed Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V within the European environment. KEY WORDS: Pan-European Corridor V, branches VB and VC, cargo flows, intensity, structure, dynamics, traffic demand

Holocene highstand deposits in the Gulf of Cadiz, SW Iberian Peninsula: A high-resolution record of hierarchical environmental changes

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 109-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Lobo ◽  
L.M. Fernández-Salas ◽  
F.J. Hernández-Molina ◽  
R. González ◽  
J.M.A. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Gulf Of Cadiz ◽  
Gulf Of Cádiz

Integrated Nowcasting System for the Central European Area: INCA-CE

2010 ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Meirold-Mautner ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Alexander Kann ◽  
Benedikt Bica ◽  
Christine Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central European ◽  
European Area

The Iberian peninsula in pre-Roman times

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lorrio ◽  
J. Sanmartí
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
European Area ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Human Reality ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

This chapter summarizes current knowledge of the human geography of the Iberian peninsula during the Iron Age. It compares and contrasts different sources (Greek and Latin texts, coins minted by indigenous peoples, and archaeological evidence) to recreate the palaeoethnological panorama of the region and reconstruct the historical processes that led to its formation, including the impact of the Phoenicians and Greeks. This analysis indicates the existence of a linguistically non-Indo-European area, mainly the Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal regions between the Pyrenees and the mouth of the Guadiana, and an Indo-European one in the centre of the peninsula and along the greater part of the Atlantic coast. Ethnic groups of varying size and political importance are attested in both areas. Population growth and iron metallurgy played a crucial role in the formation of this human reality, together with the development of urbanization, which started in the Mediterranean coastal areas and progressively spread.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variations in Gastric Cancer Mortality and Their Relations to Influencing Factors in S County, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Cui ◽  
Baohua Wang ◽  
Hongyan Ren ◽  
Zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central China ◽  
Environment And Public Health ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations

Increasingly stricter and wider official efforts have been made by multilevel Chinese governments for seeking the improvements of the environment and public health status. However, the contributions of these efforts to environmental changes and spatiotemporal variations in some environmental diseases have been seldom explored and evaluated. Gastric cancer mortality (GCM) data in two periods (I: 2004–2006 and II: 2012–2015) was collected for the analysis of its spatiotemporal variations on the grid scale across S County in Central China. Some environmental and socioeconomic factors, including river, farmlands, topographic condition, population density, and gross domestic products (GDP) were obtained for the exploration of their changes and their relationships with GCM’s spatiotemporal variations through a powerful tool (GeoDetector, GD). During 2004–2015, S County achieved environmental improvement and socioeconomic development, as well as a clear decline of the age-standardized mortality rate of gastric cancer from 35.66/105 to 23.44/105. Moreover, the GCM spatial patterns changed on the grid scale, which was spatially associated with the selected influencing factors. Due to the improvement of rivers’ water quality, the distance from rivers posed relatively larger but reversed impacts on the gridded GCM. In addition, higher population density and higher economic level (GDP) acted as important protective factors, whereas the percentage of farmlands tended to have adverse effects on the gridded GCM in period II. It can be concluded that the decline of GCM in S County was spatiotemporally associated with increasingly strengthened environmental managements and socioeconomic developments over the past decade. Additionally, we suggest that more attentions should be paid to the potential pollution caused by excessive pesticides and fertilizers on the farmlands in S County. This study provided a useful clue for local authorities adopting more targeted measures to improve environment and public health in the regions similar to S County.

Surviving the transition: Central European bank executives’ view of environmental changes

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.Harvey Hegarty ◽  
Laszlo Tihanyi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Bank ◽  
Bank Executives

High-resolution nowcasting and its application in road maintenance: experiences from the INCA Central European area project

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
Alexander Kann ◽  
Franziska Schmid ◽  
Alenka Šajn Slak ◽  
Clemens Wastl ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Area

scholarly journals Czech countries in maps of Central Europe up to the middle of the 17th century and their typological classification

Geografie ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-453
Author(s):  
Ivan Kupčík
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Area ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Religious Communication ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Typological Classification

The article presents a representative selection of a nearly hundred of the oldest maps of Central Europe which were influencing the development of map representation of Czech countries and mostly have not yet been published in Czech literature. Geographical content of map representation of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia in maps of the Central European area is as informative as in separate maps of these territories. Cartographical information does not end on the other side of our border, but it links to representation of neighbouring countries and stresses political, religious, communication, linguistic and other connections and particularities as well. The selection is based on typographical classification (into ten groups) of printed maps of the Central European area of German, Italian, Dutch and French origin dating from the end of the 15th century to the middle of the 17th century. Its knowledge is necessary to determine genealogy of Central European and regional maps from the period approximately till 1650.

scholarly journals Anomalous needle numbers on dwarf shoots of Pinus mugo and P. uncinata (Pinaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Boratyńska ◽  
Adam Boratyński
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Central European ◽  
Elevational Range ◽  
Two Populations

The frequency of occurrence of abnormal, three- (or more) needle dwarf shoots of most southern and central European two-needle pine (<em>Pinus</em>) species were studied. No specimens with more than two-needle dwarf shoots were found in a population of <em>P. nigra </em>Arnold subsp. <em>salzmannii </em>(Dunal) Franco from the Iberian Peninsula and in two populations of <em>P. uliginosa</em> Neumann from the Sudeten Mountains in Central Europe. Single specimens were found within one population of <em>P. pinaster </em>Aiton from the Iberian Peninsula and among six populations of <em>P. sylvestris </em>L. from the Iberian Peninsula and Central Europe. Abnormal dwarf shoots mostly with three, but also four, five or six needles were found among 24 of 25 surveyed populations of <em>P. mugo </em>Turra and <em>P. uncinata </em>Ramond. The average frequency of specimens with at least one three-needle dwarf shoot was 24% for <em>P. mugo</em> and 20% for <em>P. uncinata</em>. The frequencies of occurrence varied significantly among studied populations and were highest in samples collected from the upper elevational range limits of the species in the mountains and near the northern limits of their ranges. The frequency of abnormal dwarf shoots in the same populations was significantly high in 2-3 consecutive years. Needles from three-needle dwarf shoots were not significantly shorter than those of two-needle shoots.

scholarly journals Evolución de un sector costero durante la Alta Edad Media en el NW de la Península Ibérica

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Tallón-Armada ◽  
Manuela Costa-Casais ◽  
Teresa Taboada Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Ría De Vigo ◽  
Rosalia De Castro ◽  
Península Ibérica

En el presente trabajo se estudia la evolución de un tramo costero de la Ría de Vigo (NW de la península Ibérica) desde época romana hasta el siglo XVII, prestando particular atención a la Alta Edad Media. Desde el punto de vista arqueológico, la importancia del sector radica en la presencia de una salina de época romana, en uso desde los siglos II BC a III-IV AD, y su abandono para dar paso a la instauración de una iglesia y una necrópolis en la Alta Edad Media (a partir de los siglos IV-V AD). Se muestrearon, con alta resolución, tres secuencias edafo-sedimentarias y se analizaron diversas propiedades físico-químicas (pH, granulometría, contenido en C, N, S, P, Fe, As) y la composición mineralógica, con el fin de determinar la naturaleza de las distintas facies presentes, los procesos implicados y las causas asociadas. Los resultados indican modificaciones en la costa entre finales del periodo romano y comienzos de la Alta Edad Media, con unaevolución del medio desde una dinámica costera, con formaciones de marisma-lagoon costero, a una dinámica eólica, con dunas. Dicho cambio es coincidente con el cese de la explotación romana de sal y el inicio del periodo Frío Altomedieval. Estos resultados son similares a los encontrados en otros puntos de la Ría de Vigo. En los tres sectores comparados (Rosalía de Castro, Toralla y Hospital), a la par que se produce la progradación de las formaciones de marisma y duna, el uso antrópico del sector cambia. Aunque la pauta climática presenta un papel importante en la evolución de este sector, los cambios en la línea de costa que se detectan entre ambos periodos culturales pudo estar determinada también por causas socioecómicas. Evolution of a coastal area during the early Middle Ages in the NW of the Iberian Peninsula - This paper focuses on the evolution of a coastal stretch of the Ria de Vigo (NW Iberian Peninsula) during the early Middle Ages, which presents an important archaeological site with a roman salt mine. Salt exploitation in the Roman period ceased around the AD 3rd-5th centuries, and was followed by the establishment of a churcheand a cemetery during the Middle Ages. The properties (pH, grain size, C, N, S, P, Fe and As, and mineralogicalcomposition) of three pedo-sedimentary sequences were analysed in order to identify the different environmental changes that affected this sector. The results suggest signifcant changes occurred in the coast from the late Roman period (AD 3rth-5th centuries) into the early Middle Ages (AD 5th-6th centuries), with an evolution from a marine-continental dynamics, with formation of salt marshes, to a wind dynamics, with dune formations. This change is consistent with the abandonment of the Roman salt exploitation and the beginning of Cold Dark Ages. These results are similar to those found in other areas of the Ría de Vigo. In the three sectors compared (Rosalia de Castro, Toralla and Hospital) land use changed while the progradation of marsh and dune formations occurred. Although climate may have played a major role in the evolution of this sector, the changes in the coastline between the two cultural periods could be also related to socio-economic causes.

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