scholarly journals Herbs and Spices—New Processing Technologies. Syzygium aromaticum: Medicinal Properties and Phytochemical Screening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikrant Kumar ◽  
Deepak Mishra ◽  
Mukesh Chandra Joshi ◽  
Priyanka Mishra ◽  
Megha Tanwar
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Herbs And Spices

All over the world, Plants have found to be a valuable source of herbs and spices for a long period of time to maintain the human health. Varieties of herbs and spices have been used to impart an aroma and taste to food for last few centuries. Several applications of plants species have been reported as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and antimicrobial activities. Currently efforts are focused on their scientific merits, to provide science-based evidence for their traditional uses and to develop either functional foods or nutraceutical behavior. India is well recognized all over the world for their variety of herbs, spices and medicinal biodiversity. The WHO has listed more than 21000 plants, which are used for their medicinal purposes either in the form of essential oil or in the form of flavor. Among these, more than 2500 species and herbs are found in India, however; among them more than 150 species are used commercially on large scale. In India, the use of spices and herbs in the form of essential oil or in the form of flavor are traditionally used in routine treatment. For example, Curcumin which is found in turmeric are frequently used in medical facilities to wound healing, rheumatic disorders, and gastrointestinal symptoms etc.

scholarly journals Processing Technologies for Bee Products: An Overview of Recent Developments and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Luo ◽  
Yating Dong ◽  
Chen Gu ◽  
Xueli Zhang ◽  
Haile Ma
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying ◽  
Accelerated Studies ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques

Increased demand for a more balanced, healthy, and safe diet has accelerated studies on natural bee products (including honey, bee bread, bee collected pollen royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, and bee venom) over the past decade. Advanced food processing techniques, such as ultrasonication and microwave and infrared (IR) irradiation, either has gained popularity as alternatives or combined with conventional processing techniques for diverse applications in apiculture products at laboratory or industrial scale. The processing techniques used for each bee products have comprehensively summarized in this review, including drying (traditional drying, infrared drying, microwave-assisted traditional drying or vacuum drying, and low temperature high velocity-assisted fluidized bed drying), storage, extraction, isolation, and identification; the assessment methods related to the quality control of bee products are also fully mentioned. The different processing techniques applied in bee products aim to provide more healthy active ingredients largely and effectively. Furthermore, improved the product quality with a shorter processing time and reduced operational cost are achieved using conventional or emerging processing techniques. This review will increase the positive ratings of the combined new processing techniques according to the needs of the bee products. The importance of the models for process optimization on a large scale is also emphasized in the future.

scholarly journals Anticancer Properties of Eugenol: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7407
Author(s):  
Ali T. Zari ◽  
Talal A. Zari ◽  
Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Conventional cancer treatments have shown several unfavourable adverse effects, as well as an increase in anticancer drug resistance, which worsens the impending cancer therapy. Thus, the emphasis is currently en route for natural products. There is currently great interest in the natural bioactive components from medicinal plants possessing anticancer characteristics. For example, clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) (Family Myrtaceae) is a highly prized spice that has been historically utilized as a food preservative and for diverse medical uses. It is reckoned amongst the valued sources of phenolics. It is indigenous to Indonesia but currently is cultivated in various places of the world. Among diverse active components, eugenol, the principal active component of S. aromaticum, has optimistic properties comprising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer actions. Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is a musky oil that is mainly obtained from clove. It has long been utilized all over the world as a result of its broad properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Eugenol continues to pique investigators’ interest because of its multidirectional activities, which suggests it could be used in medications to treat different ailments. Anticancer effects of eugenol are accomplished by various mechanisms like inducing cell death, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis on several cancer cell lines. Besides, eugenol might be utilized as an adjunct remedy for patients who are treated with conventional chemotherapy. This combination leads to a boosted effectiveness with decreased toxicity. The present review focuses on the anticancer properties of eugenol to treat several cancer types and their possible mechanisms.

scholarly journals Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction of Thymus mastichina Essential Oil: Influence on Their Chemical Composition and on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 709
Author(s):  
André R. T. S. Araujo ◽  
Sandrine Périno ◽  
Xavier Fernandez ◽  
Cassandra Cunha ◽  
Márcio Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Dry Distillation ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) is a combination of microwave heating and dry distillation performed at atmospheric pressure without the addition of water or organic solvents that has been proposed as a green method for the extraction of essential oils from aromatic and medicinal herbs. In this work, SFME and the conventional techniques of steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation (HD) were compared with respect to the extraction and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Thymus mastichina essential oil. The main constituent of essential oils obtained using different methods was 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol). The results showed that the essential oils extracted by means of SFME in 30 min were quantitatively (yield) and qualitatively (aromatic profile) similar to those obtained using conventional HD over 120 min. In addition, SFME generates less waste and less solvent, consumes less energy, and provides a higher yield for a shorter extraction time, which is advantageous for the extraction of the T. mastichina essential oil compared to SD. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the T. mastichina essential oil obtained from either SFME or conventional extraction methods (SD or HD) showed a similar pattern. Large-scale experiments using this SFME procedure showed a potential industrial application.

scholarly journals Essential oil of peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) from fields in Eastern Slovakia

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sústriková ◽  
I. Šalamon
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
World Market ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
The World

The peppermint, Mentha × piperita L., is a plant that represents the oldest and traditional medicinal herbs used in both Eastern and Western traditions until recent time. The peppermint has a history of use in herbal medicine dating back to the ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman times (Murray 1995) although it need not have been used for the same reasons. The large therapeutic effects of peppermint dry drug as well as essential oil in human medicine caused the peppermint to be appreciated by the pharmaceutical industry. The world peppermint production is realized by large-scale cultivation using suitable intensive practices. Studies of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of peppermint essential oil produced under the agroecological conditions of Eastern Slovakia confirmed its high composition quality considering the heavy metal contamination. At the same time, the determination of peppermint essential oil composition in comparison with the analysis of peppermint oil produced in the other parts of the world suggested its competitive quality parameters in the world market. A suitable menthol content of peppermint of Slovakian provenience predestinates this peppermint gene material for the breeding of new cultivars opposite to foreign ones and its introduction into agricultural conditions.  

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

REVIEW : KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN DAYA IRITASI MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) DALAM BEBERAPA TIPE BASIS SEBAGAI ANTI-INFLAMASI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-375
Author(s):  
Amraini Amelia ◽  
◽  
Nining Sugihartini ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Clove Essential Oil ◽  
Soluble Base ◽  
Essential Oil Formulations

This review aims to determine the types of bases that can be used every day, which are effective and efficient as anti-inflammatory drugs. The research method used was to review the development of clove essential oil formulations that have been carried out using various concentrations of various types of bases including M / A type cream, A / M type cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorbents. The recommended formulation is type M / A cream with a concentration of 5% clove flower essential oil. The types of bases studied were M / A cream, type A / M cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorption properties which had good physical properties and did not irritate the skin of the test animals. This review refers to several national and international journals released in the last ten years, from 2010 to 2020.

scholarly journals Biological control of spoilage and pathogens moulds in culture medium and Beninese traditional cheese wagashi by Syzygium aromaticum essential oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 2454-2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sessou Philippe ◽  
Farougou Souaiuml bou ◽  
Yegrave houeacute nou Boniface ◽  
Agniwo Bienvenu ◽  
Alitonou Guy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Traditional Cheese

Assessment of Cota altissima (L.) J. Gay for phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Göger ◽  
Muhammed Allak ◽  
Ali Şen ◽  
Fatih Göger ◽  
Mehmet Tekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

Abstract Phytochemical profiles of essential oil (EO), fatty acids, and n-hexane (CAH), diethyl ether (CAD), ethyl acetate (CAE) and methanol extracts (CAM) of Cota altissima L. J. Gay (syn. Anthemis altissima L.) were investigated as well as their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activites. The essential oil was characterized by the content of acetophenone (35.8%) and β-caryophyllene (10.3%) by GC-MS/FID. Linoleic and oleic acid were found as main fatty acids. The major constituents of the extracts were found to be 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, isorhamnetin glucoside, quercetin and quercetin glucoside by LC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by scavenging of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Also, the inhibitory effects on lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase enzymes were determined. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast pathogens. CAM showed the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals with IC50 values of 126.60 and 144.40 μg/mL, respectively. In the anti-inflammatory activity, CAE demonstrated the highest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC50 value of 105.40 μg/mL, whereas, CAD showed the best inhibition of α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 396.40 μg/mL in the antidiabetic activity. CAH was effective against Staphylococcus aureus at MIC = 312.5 µg/mL. This is the first report on antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of different extracts of C. altissima.

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