Influence of Binder Metals on the Adhesive Strength and the Surface Hardness in Fe-W Alloy Films Electrodeposited on the High-Speed Steel

The plasma surface alloying low-alloy high speed steel (HSS) is carried out in vacuum chamber where a source electrode (W-Mo) and a work piece are properly placed. By using the sputter of glow-discharge, under the common function of electric field and temperature field, ?????? the desired alloying elements (W- Mo) are sputtered from the source cathode, traveling toward the substrate. Subsequently the alloying elements deposit onto the surface of the substrate, forming alloy diffusion layer which the depth may vary from several micron to several hundreds micron. In the end a surface low-alloy HSS steel would be produced after ultra-saturation ion carbonization. The composition of the alloyed layer is equal or similar with it of low-alloy HSS. The carbonized layer, without coarse eutectic ledeburite structure, possesses high density of finely and dispersed alloy carbides with tungsten equivalent 10% above and a significant improvement in surface hardness and wear resistance. The principle of plasma surface alloying and its test results and commercial products application are introduced in this paper.

Download Full-text

Study of High Co Superhard High Speed Steel Surface

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.253 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 610-613 ◽

pp. 253-256

Author(s):

Zhong Hou Li ◽

Sha Sha Liu ◽

Zhi Yong Cheng

Keyword(s):

Surface Layer ◽

High Speed ◽

Steel Surface ◽

High Surface ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Low Alloy Steel ◽

Surface Alloying ◽

Plasma Surface ◽

Plasma Surface Alloying

Cobalt- superhard high speed steel layer has been formed on the surface of low alloy steel 20Cr2V by tungsten-molybdenum-cobalt plasma surface alloying and following plasma carbonizing. After plasma surface alloying, a homogeneous and dense surface alloying layer was formed, thickness of which is 200μm. Composition, microstructure and properties of the alloying layer were investigated. Contents of W, Mo, Co, Cr, V and C in the surface layer reach 8%,5%, 6% ,4%,1.5% and 1.5% or so respectively. The concentrations of alloy elements basically meet the requirements of high cobalt type superhard high speed steel. Constituent phases of the surface layer were martensite, M7C3 ,M2C and Cr3C2 carbides and μ phase after quenching treatment. The advanced gradient superhard high speed steel possesses not only high surface hardness, high anti-temper softening ability but also enough toughness.

Download Full-text

Comparative on Wear Behavior of Nitrocarburized Low-Cost GDL-4 High Speed Steel to the Vane of Air Conditioning

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.324 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 721 ◽

pp. 324-327

Author(s):

Zi Guo Mu ◽

Min Lei ◽

Yi Long Liang ◽

De Yin Peng ◽

Deng Wei Tang

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

High Speed ◽

Wear Behavior ◽

Low Cost ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Air Conditioner ◽

Carburized Steel ◽

M2 High Speed Steel ◽

Red Hardness

The manufacture materials of air conditioner compressor vane require the properties of proficient red hardness and wear behavior. So the surface nitriding treatment is usually used in the production process of the high speed steel. Under 300N, the wear behavior of low-cost GDL-4 high speed steel, M2 high speed steel, and 11Cr17 stainless steel have been soft nitride processed with the same way was studied. The results show that the wear behavior performance of GDL-4 steel is much superior to M2 steel and 11Cr17 stainless steel after soft nitriding process and the surface hardness of nitro-carburized steel has an important influence on wear behavior.

Download Full-text

Characteristics of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating Using Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition on Steel Tool

Automotive Experiences ◽

10.31603/ae.v3i1.3417 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32

Author(s):

Saifudin Saifudin ◽

Wawan Purwanto ◽

Jerry Chih Tsong Su

Keyword(s):

Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽

Vapor Deposition ◽

High Speed ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Diamond Like Carbon ◽

Dlc Coating ◽

Wear And Corrosion

High Speed Steel (HSS) tool is commonly used in engineering applications, especially as cutters. The shortfall of this materials are wear and corrosion. However, these can be reduced by coating the surface of the material. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coating, quenching heating treatment, and tempering on the physical and mechanical properties of HSS surface. The physical characteristics which will be investigated is the micro structure, while the mechanical characteristics are hardness, wear and corrosion rate. HSS has variations in their chemical composition (% mass): 0.75–1.5 C, Co >12, V > 5, 4–4.5 Cr,10–20 W and Mo. Furthermore, DLC coating uses Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (PACVD) technique with variation in the duration of coating (1,2,3,4,5 and 6 hours) at temperature of 300℃, with pressure variations of 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 millibar. DLC coating material be treated from methane or ethane gas, which is streamed into the fire with Argon (Ar). The result shows variations in DLC coating and the hardness grade depends on the coating time and pressure variation. DLC coating for a duration of 4 hours under 1.8 mbar pressure can reduce the surface hardness of HSS tool by 62% accompanied by increased ductility.

Download Full-text

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiAlON/TiAlN/TiAl Films

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.628.93 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 628 ◽

pp. 93-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jun Zhang ◽

Jia Jing Cai ◽

Wei Zhao ◽

Zheng Gui Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Adhesive Strength ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Fracture Morphology ◽

Liquid Droplets ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Good Adhesive ◽

Scan Electronic Microscope ◽

Electronic Microscope

TiAlON/TiAlN/TiAl hard films are prepared by multi-arc ion plating technology using the Ti-50Al (at%) alloy target. The high speed steel (HSS) is adopted as substrate. The surface and cross-fracture morphology, the surface and cross-fracture compositions and the phase structures of the as-deposited TiAlON/TiAlN/TiAl hard films are observed and measured by scan electronic microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties, including micro-hardness and adhesive strength between film and substrate, of the as-deposited TiAlON/TiAlN/TiAl hard films are investigated. The effects of oxygen partial pressure on the as-deposited films are discussed. It is revealed that the increase of oxygen decreased liquid droplets distribution density to some extent, caused complicated phase structure. Nevertheless, the good adhesive strength and the improved hardness with a maximum of 3900HV are achieved.

Download Full-text

Enhancement of sp3 C Fraction in Diamond-like Carbon Coatings by Cryogenic Treatment

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings12010042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Jihua Peng ◽

Jingwen Liao ◽

Yinglong Peng ◽

Yang Xiao ◽

Jinhai Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

High Speed ◽

Cryogenic Treatment ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Diamond Like Carbon ◽

Dlc Coatings ◽

Bonding Structure

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings deposited onto high-speed-steel surfaces were subjected to deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) at temperatures of −120 to −196 °C to investigate the evolution of microstructure, bonding structure, and mechanical properties. The surface morphology and the bonding structure of the DLC coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is found that DCT affects the surface morphology, especially the size and the height of the aggregates. For those DLCs with more than 50% sp3 C fraction, the sp2 C → sp3 C transformation occurred in coatings treated at a temperature of −120 to −160 °C; and the maximum fraction of sp3 C was obtained after treatment at −140 °C. Almost keeping the wear resistance of DLCs, DCT can improve the adhesion strength, and surface hardness. The findings of this study indicate that DCT will be a potential post-treatment method to tune the microstructure and mechanical performance of DLC coatings.

Download Full-text

Effect of Powder-Mixed Dielectric on EDM Process Performance

Engineering and Technology Journal ◽

10.30684/etj.v38i8a.554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (8A) ◽

pp. 1226-1235

Author(s):

Safa R. Fadhil ◽

Shukry. H. Aghdeab

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

High Speed ◽

Electrical Discharge Machining ◽

Removal Rate ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Transformer Oil ◽

Dielectric Fluid ◽

Peak Current ◽

Powder Concentration ◽

Pulse On Time

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is extensively used to manufacture different conductive materials, including difficult to machine materials with intricate profiles. Powder Mixed Electro-Discharge Machining (PMEDM) is a modern innovation in promoting the capabilities of conventional EDM. In this process, suitable materials in fine powder form are mixed in the dielectric fluid. An equal percentage of graphite and silicon carbide powders have been mixed together with the transformer oil and used as the dielectric media in this work. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of some process parameters such as peak current, pulse-on time, and powder concentration of machining High-speed steel (HSS)/(M2) on the material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR) and the surface roughness (Ra). Experiments have been designed and analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach by adopting a face-centered central composite design (FCCD). It is found that added graphite-silicon carbide mixing powder to the dielectric fluid enhanced the MRR and Ra as well as reduced the TWR at various conditions. Maximum MRR was (0.492 g/min) obtained at a peak current of (24 A), pulse on (100 µs), and powder concentration (10 g/l), minimum TWR was (0.00126 g/min) at (10 A, 100 µs, and 10 g/l), and better Ra was (3.51 µm) at (10 A, 50 µs, and 10 g/l).

Download Full-text

Enhancement of EDM Performance by Using Copper-Silver Composite Electrode

Engineering and Technology Journal ◽

10.30684/etj.v38i9a.1549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (9A) ◽

pp. 1352-1358

Author(s):

Saad K. Shather ◽

Abbas A. Ibrahim ◽

Zainab H. Mohsein ◽

Omar H. Hassoon

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Material Removal Rate ◽

Material Removal ◽

High Speed ◽

Composite Electrode ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Pure Copper ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Pulse On Time ◽

Pulse Off Time

Discharge Machining is a non-traditional machining technique and usually applied for hard metals and complex shapes that difficult to machining in the traditional cutting process. This process depends on different parameters that can affect the material removal rate and surface roughness. The electrode material is one of the important parameters in Electro –Discharge Machining (EDM). In this paper, the experimental work carried out by using a composite material electrode and the workpiece material from a high-speed steel plate. The cutting conditions: current (10 Amps, 12 Amps, 14 Amps), pulse on time (100 µs, 150 µs, 200 µs), pulse off time 25 µs, casting technique has been carried out to prepare the composite electrodes copper-sliver. The experimental results showed that Copper-Sliver (weight ratio70:30) gives better results than commonly electrode copper, Material Removal Rate (MRR) Copper-Sliver composite electrode reach to 0.225 gm/min higher than the pure Copper electrode. The lower value of the tool wear rate achieved with the composite electrode is 0.0001 gm/min. The surface roughness of the workpiece improved with a composite electrode compared with the pure electrode.

Download Full-text

MUSTANG-LC

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0192 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Hot Extrusion ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Hot Forming ◽

Steel Company ◽

Extrusion Dies ◽

Die Life

Abstract Mustang-LC is a tungsten-molybdenum high-speed steel specially developed for hot work applications requiring long die life. It is recommended for hot forming and swaging dies, hot extrusion dies, hot punches, etc. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-192. Producer or source: Jessop Steel Company.

Download Full-text

UNS T12001

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ts0495 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tool Steel ◽

High Speed ◽

High Speed Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

General Purpose ◽

Steel Mills

Abstract UNS T12001 is a general-purpose, tungsten, high-speed steel containing nominally 18% tungsten, 4% chromium and 1% vanadium. It is suitable for practically all high-speed applications. This steel has been the standard of the industry for many years because of its cutting ability, ease of heat treatment and minimum tendency to decarburize. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-495. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

Download Full-text