Histopathologic Features of 1000 Cholecystectomy Specimens

Background: One of the most common gastrointestinal surgeries is cholecystectomy. Gallstones are the major causes of cholecystectomy and induce various histopathologic changes. Gallbladder carcinoma is rare with poor prognosis. Metaplasic changes in gallbladder epithelium are considered precancerous lesions. Objectives: This study aimed at revealing the spectrum of histopathological patterns of gallbladder diseases in cholecystectomy specimens. Methods: A total of 1004 gallbladder H & E stained slides of cholecystectomy specimens over one year were studied. Histopathological evaluation was done by 6 pathologists in terms of variables. Results: In our study, the male: female ratio was 1:2.1. The age of patients varied from 17 to 96 years with a mean age of 49.1 years. The mean age of patients with gallstones was 47.52 years and was more common in women. Cholesterol, pigmented, and mixed stones were reported in 58.36%, 39.03%, and 2.6% of gallstones, respectively. The most common histological morphology was chronic calculous cholecystitis (61.18%). The incidence of metaplasia and invasive carcinoma was 19.55% and 0.2%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, histopathological analysis of gallbladder diseases in the cholecystectomy specimens revealed that chronic calculous cholecystitis was the most common histologic finding. Gallstones were found more commonly in women and cholesterol stone was the predominant type. Pyloric metaplasia was the most frequent type of metaplasia. The rate of invasive carcinoma is compatible with those reported in the literature. Routine histopathological analysis of the cholecystectomy specimens will help to detect incidental carcinoma and precursors of malignancy.

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Role of Multidetector Computerised Tomography in Evaluation of Proptosis

Nepalese Journal of Radiology ◽

10.3126/njr.v9i2.27421 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 24-31

Author(s):

Elina Shrestha ◽

Narayan Bikram Thapa ◽

Shankar Bahadur Singh Rajbhandari

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Computerised Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year ◽

Female Male Female

Introduction: Proptosis is defined as bulging of eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Our main objective was to analyze the pattern of computerised tomographic findings in evaluation of proptosis. Computerised tomography (CT) is noninvasive, easily accessible, affordable and reliable imaging which helps in early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study of total 58 patients presenting with proptosis referred to our department of radiology for computerised tomography evaluation during one year period were undertaken into study. The clinical information provided by ophthalmologist also helped our study to derive into conclusion. SPSS version 20 software was used for statistical data analysis. Results: Out of 58 patients, the most common cause of proptosis was neoplasm constituting of 25 cases (43.1%). Retinoblastoma was the commonest orbital tumor. Out of remaining cases, 15 (25.8%) were infective, 14 (24.1%) were inflammatory, two (3.44%) were traumatic and remaining two cases (3.44%) had no definitive cause for proptosis. Bilateral proptosis was commonly associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy. Among the subjects 32 were male, 26 were female. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.23. Age group was ranging from 1 month to 73 years.Mean age was 26.4 ± 22 years. Conclusions: Computerised tomography has an important role in distinguishing the different types of lesions based on their characteristics, location and extension prior to undertaking definitive surgical and medical treatment. Overall accuracy of CT in our study was 81%, sensitivity of 82.6%, specificity of 80.6%, positive predictive value of 76% and negative predictive value of 86.2%.

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Camouflage effects following resin infiltration of postorthodontic white-spot lesions in vivo: One-year follow-up

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/050914-334.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 374-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Amely Eckstein ◽

Hans-Joachim Helms ◽

Michael Knösel

Keyword(s):

White Spot ◽

White Spot Lesions ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Significance Level ◽

Resin Infiltration ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

The Difference ◽

One Year

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess camouflage effects by concealment of postorthodontic white-spot lesions (WSLs) to sound adjacent enamel (SAE) achieved over 12 months with resin infiltration (Icon, DMG, Hamburg, Germany). Methods: Twenty subjects (trial teeth nteeth = 111) who had received resin infiltration treatment of noncavitated postorthodontic WSLs were contacted for a 1-year follow-up assessment of CIE-L*a*b* colors (T12). Color and lightness (CIE-L*a*b*) data for WSLs and SAE were compared to baseline data assessed before infiltration (T0) and those assessed after 6 months (T6), using a spectrophotometer. The target parameter was the difference between the summarized color and lightness values (ΔEWSL/SAE). Intergroup (WSL, SAE) and intertime comparisons (T0 vs T6, T12) were performed using paired t-tests at a significance level of α = 5%. Results: Nine subjects (trial teeth nteeth = 49; male/female ratio 5/4; age range 13–19 years) were available at T12. After the highly significant reduction of ΔEWSL/SAE discrepancies between T0 and T6, analysis of 12-month records revealed color and lightness discrepancy of WSL vs SAE that was significantly decreased compared with baseline, indicating an assimilation of WSL color to SAE appearance after infiltration, while an additional reduction of discrepancies between T6 and T12 was not significant. Conclusion: As color and lightness characteristics of the Icon infiltrant as well as the esthetic camouflage effects achieved by WSL infiltration were not altered significantly or clinically relevant after 12 months, the method of resin infiltration can be recommended for an enduring esthetic improvement of postorthodontic WSL. (Angle Orthod. 2015;85:374–380.)

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Clinical benefits of surgical management of concha bullosa

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20173669 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 833 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kulwinder Singh Mehta ◽

Aamir Yousuf ◽

Iftikhar Ali Wazir ◽

Kouser Sideeq

Keyword(s):

Surgical Management ◽

Nasal Obstruction ◽

Facial Pain ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Concha Bullosa ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Clinical Benefits ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

One Year

Background: Concha bullosa is a common anatomical variation in nasal cavity, responsible for headache, Rhinogenic origin is an important cause for headache wrongly managed now a day, which may be treated by medical or surgical intervention, proper diagnosis and patient’s selection is very important to achieve good results with surgery of CB. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and assess the clinical benefits outcome results of our endoscopic turbinoplasty technique for CB. Methods: This study was done in SMHS GMC Srinagar for a period of one year and about 30 patients with mild/moderate DNS and associated CB with symptoms of facial pain, head ache, nasal obstruction, anosmia, recurrent rhinitis were selected for surgical management and symptoms assessment was done using VAS. Results: The 30 patient group with 1: 1 male: female ratio predominatly in 3rd decade of life presented with nasal obstruction more on concha bullosa side, 26 with facial pain and 27 patients with head ache and nasal obstruction, anosmia/hyposmia in 20 and recurrent rhinitis in 26. There was statistical significant benefit on symptoms score in patients managed with endoscopic chonchoplasty. Conclusions: The endoscopic turbinoplasty is safe and efficacious procedure for concha bullosa and is causuative factor for rhinogenic origin of headache and facial pain.

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A profile of poisoning in pediatric population in rural hospital in Jammu

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20213364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1106

Author(s):

Niraj Kumar ◽

Shallini Gupta ◽

Sanjeev Sharma ◽

Vikram Gupta

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Favourable Outcome ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year ◽

Poisoning In Children

Background: Acute poisoning is one of the commonest Pediatric emergencies and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. This study is aimed at understanding the incidence, aetiology and manner of poisoning, outcome among children less than 18 years reporting to Pediatric department at sub district Hospital level in Jammu region.Methods: All the children between one month and eighteen years of age reporting to the Pediatric Emergency of SDH Akhnoor, Jammu over a period of one year as a case of acute poisoning were included in the study. The information obtained from subjects/parents/guardians and examinations of subjects was recorded on a pretested proforma and analyzed.Results: A total of 150 patients were admitted as a case of poisoning over a study period of one year. Male: Female ratio was 1.41:1. Total incidence rate was 2.94/100 0 population over a period of one year. Majority of the cases were accidental (94.67%) while suicidal attempt cases were 5.33%. Most the cases (49.33%) were due to accidental ingestion of household products followed by drug ingestion (21.33%), food poisoning (14%) and then agricultural/industrial products (8%). Maximum patients (86.6%) recovered while 2% referred to higher centre and rest 11.3% either absconded or lost to follow up.Conclusions: Acute poisoning in children is usually accidental with favourable outcome. Death can happen depending upon nature of poison and the stage at which the patient is brought to the hospital. Poisoning can be prevented by increasing public awareness, counselling and right guidance to the parents.

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Non-fatal drowning in under-five rural children of Bangladesh

Ibrahim Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/imcj.v9i2.28851 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 37-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Syed Hassan Abdullah ◽

Meerjady Sabrina Flora

Keyword(s):

Health Centre ◽

Open Water ◽

Water Source ◽

Rural Children ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Medical Response ◽

Environmental Attributes ◽

Total Respondent ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year

Drowning has been identified as a major cause of death in children in both developed and developing countries. Non-fatal drowning is several times higher than the fatal drowning. To describe the socio-demographic and environmental attributes of non-fatal drowning in rural children this community based descriptive study was conducted on 122 children having non-fatal drowning events within one year of study period. This study was undertaken in Raigonj sub-district of Sirajgonj district in Bangladesh. Mothers of those children were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Out of all participants 56.6% children were 2-4 years of age and male-female ratio was almost equal. Of the total respondent mothers 55% were illiterate and 41.8% were below the age of 25 years. Seasonal variation was observed in non-fatal drowning. Rainy season (50.8%) appeared as the most risky period followed by summer (29.5%). Higher incidence occurred (53.3%) between 10 am to 2 pm of the day. Although most of the drowning occurred outside the home, 9% drowning occurred in water container (like drum, tub) within the home. Pond (50.5%) was found as the most common place among open water source. During the occurrence, 23% child was not accompanied by parents or any caregivers. At the time of drowning, 47.5% mothers were engaged with usual household work and were not present at the place of occurrence whereas 13% mothers were present around the place of occurance. Before drowning, 45.1% victim was either playing, bathing or swimming in the water. Only 10.7% needed resuscitation, 25% were taken to health centre and reached the health centre within an hour, about a fifth (22.6%) of them were admitted. Restriction in dangerous water activities, strengthening supervision of children might decrease the incidence of drowning while quick and effective medical response might prevent its fatal consequences.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2015; 9(2): 37-41

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Clinico-epidemiological study of leprosy from a North Indian tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20184234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 518

Author(s):

Mohammad Adil ◽

Syed Suhail Amin ◽

Mohd Mohtashim ◽

Sabha Mushtaq ◽

Mehtab Alam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Lepromatous Leprosy ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Background: Leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. Yet, more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy are reported from India.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the leprosy clinic of the Dermatology Out Patient Department was done for a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.Results: A total of 225 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. Almost half of all patients (47.1%) were aged between 21-40 years. Among the patients were 32 children (14.2%) below 16 years. There were 60 patients (26.6%) suffering from paucibacillary disease and 158 patients (70.2%) had multibacillary disease. Seven patients (3.2%) presented with other forms of leprosy like historic leprosy and pure neuritic leprosy. Borderline lepromatous leprosy was found to be the commonest subtype seen in 86 patients (38.2%). There were 152 males (67.6%) and 73 females (32.4%). The male female ratio was 2.08:1. A total of 118 patients (52.4%) were from rural background and 107 (47.6%) hailed from urban areas. Multibacillary disease was seen in 83.6% of the total females compared to 63.8% of males.Conclusions: Leprosy may be down but is not yet out. The high proportion of children diagnosed with leprosy is a warning regarding the active transmission of the disease in the community. Continued efforts are required to prevent the disease from making a resurgence.

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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF GALLBLADDER DISEASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/4321545 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-36

Author(s):

Kanimozhi. S ◽

Veera Raghavan. G ◽

Sofiya. C ◽

Pushpa. B

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Care Center ◽

Gallbladder Disease ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Gallbladder Diseases ◽

Medical College ◽

Male Female Ratio

BACKGROUND: Gallbladder disease is known to affect a substantial number of people throughout the world. In India, the disease prevalence is on the rise, largely attributable to dietary & lifestyle changes, thus causing a signicant disease burden. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the varied histological manifestations of gallbladder pathology and their association with cholelithiasis. MATERIALS & METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of pathology, Kilpauk medical college from January 2018 to December 2018. The clinical data and the histopathological changes were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 156 cases which were studied, 120 cases (77%) had gallstones. The mean age was 47 years. Females had a slight preponderance for gallbladder diseases with the Male: Female ratio being 1:2. 138 cases (89.8%) were diagnosed as chronic cholecystitis. 3 cases were diagnosed to have invasive malignancies. CONCLUSION: A diverse spectrum of diseases affect the gallbladder encompassing inammatory conditions, parasitic infections, pseudoneoplastic lesions and neoplasms. Routine cholecystectomy specimens should be evaluated meticulously as incidental ndings and diagnosis can be transformative.

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Histopathological Analysis of Gastric Cancers in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital: A 20-Year Review

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 85-95

Author(s):

KA Suleiman ◽

EAO Afolayan ◽

OOK Ibrahim ◽

A Ahmed ◽

SK Abubakar-Akanbi

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Late Presentation ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Tubular Adenocarcinoma ◽

Endoscopic Screening ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Gastric Cancers ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Alarm Features

Gastric cancer is a relatively common malignancy in Nigeria. Gastric cancer varies from region, being 4th to 20th in proportion to other malignancies. The symptom and signs are often non-specific with the early stages of the disease. This may be responsible for late presentation and poor prognosis. This is a 20-year retrospective analysis of 107 histopathologically confirmed gastric cancers in the department of pathology. This study aimed to analyze the Histopathological patterns of all the gastric cancer cases diagnosed in U.I.T.H Ilorin, over a twenty-year period. Gastric cancers were classified according to WHO 2010 and Lauren classification of gastric cancers. A total of 107 cases of gastric cancers diagnosed, that met the inclusion criteria, were analyzed with male: female ratio of 1.3:1 out of which epithelial malignancy accounted for 93.5% with tubular adenocarcinoma representing the commonest epithelial subtype. Epithelial malignancy is the commonest histological type in this area. Therefore, it is recommended that patients above 40 years with dyspepsia and other alarm features should undergo routine endoscopic screening.

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Evaluation of haematological findings in cases of pancytopenia

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20205027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 4311

Author(s):

Roshny Jacob ◽

Deepthi M. L. Raj

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Disease Process ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Bone Marrow Study ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

One Year

Background: Pancytopenia is a clinical condition which poses diagnostic challenge to the haematologist. The aetiology of pancytopenia is varied and depends on many factors. A bone marrow study is highly indicated in cases of pancytopenia and it provides information regarding the underlying disease process. This study was done to learn the causes of pancytopenia and to document how each case was evaluated and followed up.Methods: The present study is a descriptive retrospective one year study on bone marrow samples received in the laboratory. Bone marrow samples included aspirate smears, imprint and trephine and their findings were correlated to arrive at a final diagnosis.Results: Out of the total 28 patients with pancytopenia, 35.71% were from the age group between 61 and 80 years. A male female ratio of 1.5:1 was observed. Most common presenting complaint documented was easy fatiguability. Anisocytosis with macrocytes and ovalocytes were the most common peripheral smear finding. In current study, a cellular marrow was described in 24 (85.71%) cases and hypocellularity in two (7.14%) cases. Final diagnosis was evident in 16 cases, in which the most common cause was acute leukaemia (14.28% each) followed by lymphoma infiltration and myelodysplastic syndromes in 3 cases (10.71%).Conclusions: Bone marrow study helps to arrive at a diagnosis of pancytopenia. But proper technique for sampling, good clinical workup and history taking and clinico haematological correlation is mandatory for the proper diagnosis of a pancytopenia case.

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Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: An Unusual Case Report in a Patient Affected with Alzheimer’s Disease

Clinical Oncology and Research ◽

10.31487/j.nnb.2019.03.02 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Pietro Gareri

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Case Report ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Female Ratio ◽

St Segment Elevation ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

St Segment ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

One Year

We describe a case report regarding an elderly woman affected with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), presenting to the ER for chest pain, and showing ST-segment elevation on electrocardiography, and elevated cardiac enzyme levels. She was hospitalized and after a number of laboratory and instrumental exams she was diagnosed Tako-tsubo syndrome. One year after the event she is feeling fine, electrocardiogram is normal, and no symptoms of cardiac heart failure are present. Tako-tsubo syndrome is a stress-induced cardiomyopathy that involves left ventricular apical akinesis and mimics acute coronary syndrome. It was first described in Japan in 1991, it is rare (1:36.000) with 1:3 male/female ratio and survival is usually 96%. The novelty of this case-report is due to its rarity and to the onset of the disease in an elderly patient affected with AD.

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