scholarly journals Resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos: riscos e oportunidades

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-312
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Terezinha Martins Corrêa Rodrigues ◽  
Liane Werner ◽  
Márcia Dutra de Barcellos
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Planned Obsolescence ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View

It is estimated that the amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) increases annually due to planned obsolescence, technological changes and changes in people's lifestyles. The aim of the present study is to identify risks and opportunities related to WEEE from an environmental, social and economic point of view, considering the intensified use of technology, the generation and the need to treat this waste. The study consisted of a bibliographic research followed by three case studies with waste disposal companies. Therefore, a table was drawn up outlining the risks and opportunities of WEEE, considering different points of view. From the environmental point of view, there is a risk of increasing the consumption of this equipment to increase the illegal and incorrect disposal, but the extraction of non-renewable raw materials can be reduced by implementing reverse logistics. From the economic perspective, the costs involved in the reverse logistics of WEEE are not clearly known; however, there is an expanding market for WEEE management. From the social point of view, the risk is the increase of informal and insecure work, which can be minimized through investments from public and private powers, thus generating formal jobs.

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN ALBA & PETROCARIBE NICOLAS MADURO MOROS UNTUK MENGHADAPI DOMINASI POLITIK NEOLIBERALISME AMERIKA SERIKAT DI VENEZUELA PADA TAHUN 2015 - 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laode Muhamad Fathun
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
Negative Effect

Poverty in this country. During the reign of Chavez and Maduro the people felt a little prosperity again, but this is what America hates because America is finding it difficult to implement its neoliberalism policy in Venezuela. After the events that continue to happen, Maduro does not remain silent. Namely by continuing Chavez's socialist policies. Here the researcher uses the theory of foreign policy decision making by Alex Mintz to explain what factors influence Maduro policy and here the researcher uses the concept of national interest to explain what Maduro's interests are in this policy, this research methodology is qualitative explanatory using interviews as data. secondary and librarian as primary data. This research finds 4 main factors in Nicolas Maduro's foreign policy. From the social condition of Venezuela itself which is very crisis-ridden to the point where there is a split between the layers of society, Maduro finally does not listen to the people's complaints to him, then from a psychological point of view, Maduro, who really hates the United States, has a very tough mindset that he is too confident in his beliefs. In order to be able to fight America, in the end his belief was not in accordance with expectations and instead had a negative effect. Therefore, it is clear that emotions play an important role in important political decisions. From an economic point of view, Venezuela is no longer able to support its own country in economic terms. If this country supports itself, there will be greater destruction

On the Road to SME Sector Development in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-499
Author(s):  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad ◽  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis Algorithm for Urban Forestry Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Nesticò ◽  
Maria Rosaria Guarini ◽  
Pierluigi Morano ◽  
Francesco Sica
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Support Tools

The second half of the 20th century was characterized by rapid growth of the urban population and lack of attention to environmental quality in the urbanizes territories. Thus, the development of many cities during that period took place through policies which, over time, resulted in a disaggregated landscape, both in morphological and functional terms. In some cases, these policies have caused the creation of land portions without a specific characterization, and the generation of urban voids that negatively affect the city’s development. To solve this problem, the public administration sectors of many countries are looking for new intervention strategies that are feasible from a social and economic point of view which are able to guarantee sustainable development. From this perspective, the execution of urban regeneration initiatives, including forestation, allows for the improvement of both environmental quality and citizens’ well-being, and promotes economic development. Considering the multiple effects that these initiatives can generate and the limited availability of public and private resources, it is appropriate to use multi-criteria decision support tools through which it is possible to evaluate the interventions’ complexity and best identify the city areas that lend themselves to be recovered and improved through the forestation. The aim of this work is to develop a support tool for public administrations aimed at identifying the optimal forestry projects’ location according to criteria that not only refer to financial type, but also their social, cultural, and environmental nature. Using Discrete Linear Programming algorithms, the model has been tested through a theoretical case study and reveals the advantages and limitations of the model, as well as future research prospects.

scholarly journals Trustee professionalism transformed: Recruiting committed professionals

2020 ◽  
pp. 001139212096975
Author(s):  
Håvard Brede Aven ◽  
Tone Alm Andreassen
Keyword(s):  
Professional Work ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Sociology Of Professions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
Classical Sociology

This article explores how employing organizations articulate the competencies, values and personal qualities that they expect professionals to possess, and how they envision and appeal to certain professional identities when recruiting new employees. The article is prompted by the influential view put forth by sociologist Steven Brint, i.e. that professional work both consists of and is legitimized as specialized expertise. With the rise of large organizations, professionals no longer identify as the social trustees that the classical sociology of professions posited. If we accept Brint’s and others’ claims that management and organizations increasingly shape professionalism and professional work, it is crucial to understand what professionalism looks like from the employers’ points of view, and, more specifically, whether employers are interested in only expertise. This article explores these implications by analysing Norwegian job advertisements for engineers, trained social workers and registered nurses within both public and private employing organizations, i.e. professional spaces that Brint associates with expert professionalism and social trustee professionalism, respectively. The analysis reveals that public service and private commercial organizations alike appeal to social responsibility and personal commitment, which indicates the presence of persistent, albeit transformed, versions of trustee professionalism.

scholarly journals Reflective Understanding

Wisdom ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 176-202
Author(s):  
John Kekes
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Do So

Reflective understanding involves the evaluation of our personal attitude formed of our changing, often faulty, and frequently conflicting beliefs, emotions, desires, experiences, and evaluations. Their evaluation proceeds from two points of view. One is that of our personal attitude. The other is the point of view of the various modes of evaluations that jointly form the evaluative framework of the context in which we live. Both kinds of evaluations may be faulty. Reflective understanding involves the critical evaluation of the reasons for and against the prevailing social evaluations that follow from our personal attitude and of the reasons for and against our personal attitude that follow from the prevailing social evaluations. The test of the adequacy of our personal attitude is our satisfaction with our life. And the test of social evaluations is the continued long-term allegiance of those who follow the social evaluations, although they need not do so.

scholarly journals Casa din zori

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Lorin Niculae ◽  
◽  
Ana-Dora Matei ◽  
Alecsandru Vasiliu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Essential Dimension ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

„House of Dawn” is the name of a project pertaining to the Arhipera trademark. It follows the same line of action of the group, namely the practice of social participatory architecture. The project concentrates on assuming the human capital that is in the limit situation of privation of shelter and tries to integrate it in a program that involves qualification and professional conversion in the construction field; the goal of the program is the „overnight” building of a minimal dwelling. The solutions for this category of persons in state of difficulty, situated at the extremity of the society, entails the configuration of varied typologies of minimal evolutive dwellings; as in the previous projects, the solutions aim at a democratic architecture obtained by using the „bottom‐up” model. In addition, the project proposes an ecological approach of the design, a durable development of the dwellings and puts a strong emphasis on the sustainability. From a topological point of view, the plots for building the dwellings for the homeless people will be connected with the existent urban tissue in order to achieve the social integration of the participants in the program; the choice of the plots focuses on unconventional spaces with regard to social habitation. A possibility that has been carefully considered from scratch is the reprocessing of unused urban spaces, including the recycling of the initial architectural function. Through the manifest of this program we propose the conversion of certain unfinished spaces of the totalitarian architecture of The People’s House/The Palace of Parliament into spaces for social dwellings destined for unsheltered people. In this particular case, the architectural recycling transforms the Totalitarianism into democracy and restores The People’s House to the people itself. The project is based on the norms of common law regarding the right to occupy the space meant for habitation. A family that is able to erect a house overnight on a plot on which it has no rights to is dignified to inhabit the respective space and proves to be useful from a social and economic point of view to the community that accepts it. The idea of the project is also sustained by a program of social integration of the beneficiaries and their inclusion in the labor market. The implementation of this type of social architecture is defined by efficiency, adaptability and flexibility and it’s centered both on the consolidation of the communitarian potential and on dwelling as an essential dimension of the humans. At the border of day and night, at the intersection of two spaces placed at the extremes, the Arhipera projects speak about opening the limit and abolishing it.

scholarly journals SIMULATION MODEL OF THE PROCESS OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM MULTICOMPONENT PLANT RAW MATERIALS. ANALYSIS AND PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр (Aleksandr) Григорьевич (Grigor'evich) Топаж (Topazh) ◽  
Владимир (Vladimir) Александрович (Aleksandrovich) Вигонт (Vigont) ◽  
Любовь (Ljubov') Анатольевна (Anatol'evna) Хворова (Hvorova)
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Vegetable Raw Materials

Article is devoted to the description and the analysis of the system-dynamic model of technological process of biogas production from multicomponent vegetable raw materials. A research objective – optimization of biogas production process from vegetable raw materials by methods of imitating modeling, finding of the optimal regimes of the simulated production cycle – the best ratio from the economic point of view between an exit of biomethane and rates of giving/replacement of the initial substratum depending on the composition of raw materials.In article models with a discrete and continuous cycle of production are considered, the description of the similar realization executed in the environment of multiapproach modeling of AnyLogic for model of technological process of anaerobic digestion of non-uniform multicomponent vegetable biomass is provided.The known stoichiometric model of production of biomethane is taken as a basis, her modification is made for a case of multicomponent raw materials (percentage division into conditional components – sugar, lignin and cellulose). Possibilities of modern software shells and environments of modeling in tasks of the complex analysis and optimization of the studied process are shown.During the conducted researches a row of non-trivial results on a choice of optimum parameters of an operation mode of the model bioreactor is received. For a case of the discrete process of up-dating of contents as parameters of optimization the frequency and a level of up-dating, and for the continuous flowing system – channel speed were selected.It is shown that the optimal values of the parameters from the point of view of the integrated output of the biomethane lie close to the cloud of critical acidification, which leads to the stoppage of the process. If the economic indicators are chosen as an optimization criterion, then we obtain optimal values of the parameters lying within the region of stable functioning of the model bioreactor.

scholarly journals Relacja prawa i moralności z prawnego punktu widzenia. Moralność partykularna a moralność kooperatywna

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Jerzy Leszczyński
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Michael Walzer ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Law And Morality ◽  
The Law

This article describes the relation between law and morality when applied to solving legal problems. The relation in question is not understood solely as a conflict between law and morality which implies a need to decide in favour of one or the other. Indeed, moral substance of law make references to morality not only possible but necessary. The limit for those references is established by the principle of equality before the law. Moreover, an internal diversification of morality is analyzed. Some part of it needs to be secured by law, which in itself does not harm the social or individual identity, that is, public and private morality is distinguished, then minimal and maximal morality – concepts proposed by Michael Walzer. This idea, approached from a legal point of view, leads to the formulation of what seems the best-founded proposal: particular and cooperative morality.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE LABOR MARKET INEQUALITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Е.S. Sadovaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Social

Recognizing the growth of inequality as one of the main social and economic problems of our time. The author concludes that it is natural and caused by a radical reformatting of the economy influenced by digital technologies. The article examines the organizational and technological changes in the modern economy, influenced by digitalization, in terms of their impact on labor relations and the restructuring of the modern labor market. The paper aims to study the mechanisms of the inequality formation in the labor market and the peculiarities of the social and labor sphere functions in the new economic reality. Employment, as a connecting link between economic and social processes, has been chosen as the main category of scientific analysis, which makes it possible to understand the essence of the ongoing transformations, as well as their social consequences. These transformations can be implemented using software automation of business processes. From the economic point of view, it allows you to significantly increase labor productivity, from the social point of view, it helps to reduce the demand for labor and labor costs. Automation of individual business processes turns out to be a socio-technological prerequisite for the “platformization” of employment and the emergence of crowdworking platforms that institutionalize this process. The increasingly widespread employment platform, which fundamentally changes the relationship between employers and workers, reduces social protection for the latter and leads to the segmentation of the previously egalitarian labor market. Under the influence of digitalization of business processes, labor relations are being transformed from social into computer algorithms, and the “employee” becomes a “user of mobile applications”. The article highlights the stages of business automation and examines its impact on employment and the nature of social and labor relations from the organizational, technological, political, economic and macroeconomic perspectives. In addition, the social consequences of digital transformation of business processes are analyzed in relation to the conditions of specific business activities – the manufacturing sector and the service sector. The author concludes that the digitalization of business processes affects the change in the nature of social and labor relations indirectly – through a decrease in demand for labor and structural changes in employment. Understanding the essence of this process is important for identifying the root causes of the inequality in the modern labor market, and the conclusions of the research may be useful when choosing options of state policy aimed at eliminating its most acute consequences.

scholarly journals The effect of the virgin fibers to the properties of different paper products

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Czene ◽  
◽  
László Koltai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Process Modification ◽  
Recycled Fiber

The products from paper are widely used materials with several benefits. The corrugated paper keeps items protected through long-distance logistic processes and constant shipping and handling. The corrugated boxboards are ideal options for any industry’s shipping, packaging and storage needs. Papers and cardboards are quite low cost and also provide environmental-friendly solutions, using recyclable materials such as used corrugated cartons and old newspapers. Recycling offers a reduction in environmental impact in densely populated regions and a large production of paper and board products. Generally, the use of recycled fiber produces paper with poorer mechanical properties due to the decrease in the interfiber bonding. The recycled pulp must be treated to restore its bonding strength, for which there are six methods possible: mechanical treatment, chemical additives, chemical treatment, fractionation, papermaking process modification and blending with virgin fiber. Although some mills produce 100% recycled paper, the majority augment their used pulp with some virgin fiber. Paper properties can be tailored within some ranges by modifying the properties of fibers, but the influence of fine quality on structure, strength and optical properties of paper can be even greater. The properties of papers are essentially determined by their raw materials. Most of these raw materials are made from 100% recycled fiber, but as the quality of the waste fiber varies, different chemicals must be used to provide the desired or expected properties. From an environmental and economic point of view, the use of primary fibers can be an alternative.

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