Ozone by-product removal using a fixed bed biofilm reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. E176-E188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Wert ◽  
Samantha S. Stoughtenger ◽  
Holly McNaught ◽  
Julia Lew
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Product Removal

Use of a dynamic gassing-out method for activity and oxygen diffusion coefficient estimation in biofilms

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Artem Khlebnikov ◽  
Falilou Samb ◽  
Paul Péringer
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Respiration Activity ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Biofilm Development

p-toluenesulphonic acid degradation by Comamonas testosteroni T-2 in multi-species biofilms was studied in a fixed bed biofilm reactor. The polypropylene static mixer elements (Sulzer Chemtech Ltd., Switzerland) were used as a support matrix for biofilm formation. Biofilm respiration was estimated using the dynamic gassing-out oxygen uptake method. A strong relation between oxygen uptake and reactor degradation efficiency was observed, because p-toluenesulphonate degradation is a strictly aerobic process. This technique also allowed us to estimate the thickness of the active layer in the studied system. The mean active thickness was in order of 200 μm, which is close to maximum oxygen penetration depth in biofilms. A transient mathematical model was established to evaluate oxygen diffusitivity in non-steady-state biofilms. Based on the DO concentration profiles, the oxygen diffusion coefficient and the maximum respiration activity were calculated. The oxygen diffusion coefficient obtained (2 10−10-1.2 10−9 m2 s−1) is in good agreement with published values. The DO diffusion coefficient varied with biofilm development. This may be, most likely, due to the biofilm density changes during the experiments. The knowledge of diffusivity changes in biofilms is particularly important for removal capacity estimation and appropriate reactor design.

Degradation of chlorophenols by biofilms on semi-permeable membranes in two types of fixed bed reactors

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wobus ◽  
S. Ulrich ◽  
I. Röske
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Protozoan Community

Two identical fixed bed reactors containing gas-permeable tubings as carrier material were compared for the elimination of chlorophenols. Under plug flow conditions, the continuous flow operation resulted in a stratification of biomass due to concentration gradients. To achieve a homogeneous colonization, the sequencing batch mode has been applicated to one biofilm reactor (Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor - SBBR). Concentration gradients after filling, probably due to sorption phenomena, caused an uneven distribution of biomass in the SBBR. However, the colonization of the SBBR was more homogeneous as compared to the continuously operated reactor (CFBR). As to the elimination of a trichlorophenol (2,4,5-trichlorophenol - TCP), no significant differences between the SBBR and the CFBR were observed with regard to its sensitivity against load surges. It is to be supposed that sorption to the biofilm was included in the elimination of chlorophenols. A higher diversity of protozoan community and meiofauna is obviously to be attributed to continuous flow.

Nitritification and Denitritification of High-Strength Ammonium and Nitrite Wastewater with Biofilm Reactors

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1417-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Kun Chen ◽  
Chin-Kun Juaw ◽  
Sheng-Shung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Draft Tube ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Nitrite Removal ◽  
In Series

Two sets of fixed-film biological processes were operated separately for nitritification of amnonium and for denitritification of nitrite associated with organic compounds. High strength amnonium wastewater (50-1000 mg NH4+-N/l) could be effectively nitritified by a draft-tube fluidized bed which was operated at an extremely high loading of 1.0 kg NH4−1-N/m3.day with 95% amnonium conversion and 60 to 95% nitrite formation. Additionally, a biofilm fixed-bed was employed to denitritify the high strength nitrite (200 to 1000 mg NO2−-N/l) associated with organic compounds of glucose, acetate and benzoic acid. Complete nitrite removal could be achieved with sufficient HRT and COD/NO2−-N ratio. The conversion ratios were estimated experimentally at 2.5 for glucose and acetate, and 2.0 g ∆COD/g ∆NO2−-N for benzoic acid. A proposed process of an aerobic nitritifying biofilm reactor combined with an anoxic denitritifying biofilm reactor in series could be employed for complete nitrogen removal.

A new device to select carriers for biomass immobilization and application in an aerobic/anaerobic fixed-bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor for nitrogen removal

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2666-2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sarti ◽  
A. W. Lamon ◽  
A. Ono ◽  
E. Foresti
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Device ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biofilm Carrier ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

This study proposes a new approach to selecting a biofilm carrier for immobilization using dissolved oxygen (DO) microsensors to measure the thickness of aerobic and anaerobic layers in biofilm. The biofilm carriers tested were polyurethane foam, mineral coal (MC), basaltic gravel, and low-density polyethylene. Development of layers in the biofilm carrier surface was evaluated using a flow cell device, and DO profiles were conducted to determine the size of the layers (aerobic and anaerobic). MC was the biofilm carrier selected due to allowing the development of larger aerobic and anaerobic layers in the biofilm (896 and 1,058 μm, respectively). This ability is supposed to improve simultaneous nitrogen removal by nitrification and denitrification biological processes. Thus, as a biofilm carrier, MC was used in a fixed-bed sequencing batch biofilm reactor (FB-SBBR) for treatment of wastewater with a high ammonia concentration (100–400 mgNH4+-N L−1). The FB-SBBR (15.0 L) was filled with matrices of the carrier and operated under alternating aeration and non-aeration periods of 6 h each. At a mean nitrogen loading rate of 0.55 ± 0.10 kgNH4+-N m−3 d−1, the reactor attained a mean nitrification efficiency of 95 ± 9% with nitrite as the main product (aerobic period). Mean denitrification efficiency during the anoxic period was 72 ± 13%.

Treatment of winery wastewater in a full-scale fixed bed biofilm reactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Andreottola ◽  
P. Foladori ◽  
P. Nardelli ◽  
A. Denicolo
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
First Year ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Influent Wastewater

The treatment of winery wastewater was performed at full-scale applying a two-stage fixed bed biofilm reactor (FBBR) system for the discharge in the sewerage. The results of the first year of operation at the full-scale plant are presented. Values of removed organic loads and effluent concentrations were interpreted on the basis of the COD fractionation of influent wastewater assessed through respirometric tests. The average removal efficiency of total COD was 91%. It was not possible to reach an higher efficiency because of the unbiodegradable soluble fraction of COD (about 10% of total COD on average during the whole year), that cannot be removed by biological process or settling. Due to the high empty space offered by the plastic carriers, FBBRs did not require backwashing during the seasonal operationing period of the plant (September–March). In comparison with other treatment systems the FBBR configuration allows one to ensure a simple management, to obtain high efficiency also in the case of higher fluctuations of flow and loads and to guarantee a good settleability of the sludge, without bulking problems.

Biological treatment of leachates from hazardous waste landfills using SBBR technology

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dollerer ◽  
P. A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Hazardous Waste Landfills

Bench-scale experiments with two different types of fixed bed reactor have been conducted in order to investigate the potential of SBBr technology (Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor) for treatment of leachates from different hazardous waste landfills. Reactor A was equipped with a membrane oxygenatition system for bubble free transfer of oxygen into the bulk liquid. In constract, reactor B was bubble aerated. The process was found to be remarkably stable. An average DOC removal rate of 68% was achieved with a 12-hour cycle. The emission of biodegradable volatile organic substances was observed to be significantly reduced by using bubble free aeration system.

A Pilot Study for Treating Facultative Lagoon Effluent Utilizing a Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (9) ◽  
pp. 5374-5380
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
Sam Agnew ◽  
Jeff Devine ◽  
Jaime Bengoechea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactor

scholarly journals Treatment of Domestic Wastewater with Fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Gasim Hayder ◽  
Puniyarasen Perumulselum ◽  
Hitham Alhussian
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid ◽  
Biofilm Reactors

Fixed bed biofilm reactors were evaluated with three different arrangements of bio-balls. The performance of different arrangements was evaluated based on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS) and mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS). The three rectors were fabricated and operated in lab scale model with real domestic wastewater. Considering the TSS removal efficiency, arrangement one was the best followed by arrangement two and arrangement three. While for COD, arrangement one recorded the highest removal efficiency followed by arrangement two and column. The average COD concentration for arrangement one was 23 while for arrangement two and arrangement three was 25 and 36 mg/l respectively. The overall average effluent TSS concentrations for the arrangement one, two and three were 25, 32 and 45 mg/l respectively. TSS and COD removal was almost the same for arrangement one and arrangement two but arrangement one has the highest among them, and all removal is acceptable under Malaysian standards. Besides that, all the three arrangements have the differences in terms of maintenance and installation. There was no clogging occurred in all the three arrangements.

Biodegradation of p-toluenesulphonic acid by comamonas testosteroni in an aerobic counter-current structured packing biofilm reactor

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Khlebnikov ◽  
Paul Péringer
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Static Mixers ◽  
Support Matrix ◽  
Counter Current

p-Toluenesulphonic acid degradation by Comamonas testosteroni was studied in a continuously operated fixed-bed biofilm reactor. Static mixer elements (Sulzer Chemtech, Switzerland) were used as a support matrix for biofilm formation. Degradation of p-toluenesulfonate was investigated at several aeration (0.5–4 L min−1) and dilution (0.15–0.4 h−1) rates under septic conditions. The maximum observed pollutant degradation rate was 198 mg of C L−1 h−1. In spite of nonsterile conditions, a very limited range of microbial species was present in the reactor. The system was operated for over 3 months and Comamonas testosteroni used as inoculum was largely present in the biofilm (about 60% of the total microbial population) during the whole cultivation period. Two other aerobic bacterial strains detected in the biofilm were not able to degrade p-toluenesulphonic acid. High biomass attachment was observed on polypropylene static mixers. Immobilised biomass reached the level of 10.4 g of dry weight per m2 of the support and 23% of its structure was active biomass.

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