scholarly journals Violencia sexual y grupos juveniles en el arzobispado de Toledo durante el siglo XVII : los casos de La Estrella de la Jara

Author(s):  
Fernando Martínez Gil

Ante los tribunales episcopales de la España moderna pasó una variada gama de causas civiles y criminales que iluminan aspectos inéditos de la cultura popular, los comportamientos y mentalidades de la época. El Archivo Diocesano de Toledo guarda innumerables procesos, todavía sin catalogar, relativos a conductas de religiosos y seglares que causaban escándalo público pero que no eran competencia de la Inquisición por no atentar contra los principios de la fe. Un caso insólito, al menos en relación con el resto de las causas, sobre unas violaciones colectivas cometidas en 1625 por los mozos solteros del pueblecito toledano de La Estrella, jurisdicción de Talavera de la Reina, sirve al autor para reflexionar sobre el uso de la violencia sexual y las formas juveniles de sociabilidad y diversión en la España rural del Antiguo Régimen.The episcopal tribunals of 17th century Spain have witnessed a wide range of civil and criminal cases which highiight unpublished aspects of thíe popular culture, behavioural pattems and mentality typical of the times. Innumerable triáis may still be found uncategorized in ttie Diocesan Archives in Toledo, triáis which relate to the conduct oflaymen as well as churchmen who causad public outcry but were not placed under the jurisdiction of the Inquisition so as not to commit any outrage against the principies of the faith. The writer highiights one unusual case, at least compared to the rest, which deals with a couple of collective rapes commited in 1625, by unmarried youths in the Toledan village of La Estrella, in the territory of Talavera de la Reina, in order to reflect upon the use of sexual violence and the forms of sociability and amusement employed by young people in rural Spain from the 16th to the 18th centuries.

Author(s):  
Mark Connelly

This chapter explores the current state of knowledge about, and national identification with, Nelson, Trafalgar, and Britain's maritime past, based on observations of a wide range of academic and public bicentenary events, media, and interviews with several groups of (primarily young) people over the course of 2005. The chapter strikes a sceptical note on the long-term impact of 2005 on historical awareness: without direct state intervention in the National Curriculum, it appears difficult to see how the role of the Navy, Nelson, and the sea can be more fully instilled in British life.


Author(s):  
Ryan Moore

The grunge scene originally developed in Seattle as an amalgam of the sounds and styles of punk and metal during the late 1980s. Like the initial punk subculture of the 1970s, grunge spoke to alienated young people growing up in a time of economic dislocation and social discord. But in the early 1990s, grunge suddenly catapulted to the top of the charts and made an enormous impact on mainstream music, fashion, and culture through the success of bands like Nirvana and Pearl Jam. The appropriation of grunge by commercial popular culture can only be understood as part of a larger transformation within late capitalism that facilitated the commodification of a wide range of formerly “alternative” or “underground” subcultures. Various commercial forces sought to capitalize on the perceived authenticity of grunge in a moment that demanded innovative methods of stealth marketing to “Generation X.” However, this threatened the enduring oppositions between art and commerce and alternative and mainstream that define “subcultural capital,” and was met with a backlash from young people. This chapter examines the rise and fall of grunge within the context of these larger dynamics of late capitalism.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Mukhiddin Tursunmuratov ◽  

This article provides a detailed description and explanation of the term "popular culture". It also analyzes a number of aspects of "popular culture" that are becoming more widespread today, their role and influence in the formation of the minds and behavior of young people, and draws the necessary conclusions. Most importantly, it also describes ways to protect young people from threats in the form of "popular culture" that negatively affect their morale.


Author(s):  
Сергей Иванович Вележев ◽  
Антон Михайлович Седогин

В представленной статье авторами рассматриваются вопросы уголовно-правовой охраны топливно-энергетического комплекса Российской Федерации от преступных проявлений, в том числе от коррупционной противоправной деятельности должностных лиц. Такие действия причиняют значительный ущерб нормальному функционированию предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса. Авторами приводятся результаты исследования некоторых криминологических характеристик должностных лиц, совершивших преступления коррупционного характера. Дан анализ причин и условий, способствующих совершению вышеуказанных противоправных действий. Определена типовая модель преступника для данной категории преступлений и его характеристики: в первую очередь, это высокий уровень компетентности, специальное образование и т. д. Авторами отмечается высокий уровень латентной преступности в данной отрасли. Предложены некоторые пути профилактики данной категории правонарушений. Исследование проводилось на основе анализа конкретных уголовных дел, возбужденных следственными органами по результатам оперативно-розыскной деятельности правоохранительных органов. In the article the authors consider the issues of criminal and legal protection of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation from criminal activity including corrupt illegal practices of officials. The authors cite the results of some criminological characteristics study of the fuel and energy complex staff committed corruption crimes. As a result of these illegal actions significant damage is caused to the normal functioning of the fuel and energy enterprises. Such officials` actions determine not only a wide range of other illegal activities, but also lead to public outcry and discredit the industry as a whole. The analysis of the reasons and conditions contributing to the above illegal actions commission is given. A typical model of a criminal for a given crime category and its characteristics are determined. First of all it is a high level competence, special education, etc. A high level of latent crime in this industry is shown. The study results are presented on the example of specific criminal cases initiated by the investigating authorities based on the results of the operation detection activities of law enforcement agencies. Some ways of preventing this category of offenses are proposed.


Author(s):  
Alison Brysk

In Chapter 7, we profile the global pattern of sexual violence. We will consider conflict rape and transitional justice response in Peru and Colombia, along with the plight of women displaced by conflict from Syria and Central America, and limited international policy response. State-sponsored sexual violence and popular resistance to reclaim public space will be chronicled in Egypt as well as Mexico. We will track intensifying public sexual assault amid social crisis in Turkey, South Africa, and India, which has been met by a wide range of public protest, legal reform, and policy change. For a contrasting experience of the privatization of sexual assault in developed democracies, we will trace campus, workplace, and military rape in the United States.


Author(s):  
Erik Gray

Love begets poetry; poetry begets love. These two propositions have seemed evident to thinkers and poets across the Western literary tradition. Plato writes that “anyone that love touches instantly becomes a poet.” And even today, when poetry has largely disappeared from the mainstream of popular culture, it retains its romantic associations. But why should this be so—what are the connections between poetry and erotic love that lead us to associate them so strongly with one another? An examination of different theories of both love and poetry across the centuries reveals that the connection between them is not merely an accident of cultural history—the result of our having grown up hearing, or hearing about, love poetry—but something more intrinsic. Even as definitions of them have changed, the two phenomena have consistently been described in parallel terms. Love is characterized by paradox. Above all, it is both necessarily public, because interpersonal, and intensely private; hence it both requires expression and resists it. In poetry, especially lyric poetry, which features its own characteristic paradoxes and silences, love finds a natural outlet. This study considers both the theories and the love poems themselves, bringing together a wide range of examples from different eras in order to examine the major structures that love and poetry share. It does not aim to be a comprehensive history of Western love poetry, but an investigation into the meaning and function of recurrent tropes, forms, and images employed by poets to express and describe erotic love.


Author(s):  
Anthony F. Heath ◽  
Elisabeth Garratt ◽  
Ridhi Kashyap ◽  
Yaojun Li ◽  
Lindsay Richards

Unemployment has a wide range of adverse consequences over and above the effects of the low income which people out of work receive. In the first decades after the war Britain tended to have a lower unemployment rate than most peer countries but this changed in the 1980s and 1990s, when Britain’s unemployment rate surged during the two recessions—possibly as a result of policies designed to tackle inflation. The young, those with less education, and ethnic minorities have higher risks of unemployment and these risks are cumulative. The evidence suggests that the problems facing young men with only low qualifications became relatively worse in the 1990s and 2000s. This perhaps reflects the dark side of educational expansion, young people with low qualifications being left behind and exposed in the labour market.


Author(s):  
Nisha P R

Jumbos and Jumping Devils is an original and pioneering exploration of not only the social history of the subcontinent but also of performance and popular culture. The domain of analysis is entirely novel and opens up a bolder approach of laying a new field of historical enquiry of South Asia. Trawling through an extraordinary set of sources such as colonial and post-colonial records, newspaper reports, unpublished autobiographies, private papers, photographs, and oral interviews, the author brings out a fascinating account of the transnational landscape of physical cultures, human and animal performers, and the circus industry. This book should be of interest to a wide range of readers from history, sociology, anthropology, and cultural studies to analysts of history of performance and sports in the subcontinent.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e240226
Author(s):  
Sachin Mohan ◽  
Elliot Graziano ◽  
James Campbell ◽  
Irshad H Jafri

Amyloidosis constitutes a heterogeneous group of disorders of protein misfolding that can involve different organ systems. The disease can occur either in a systemic or localised manner that is well known to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GI amyloidosis can present with a wide range of symptoms including diarrhoea, bleeding and obstruction. This case illustrates a patient with localised jejunal amyloid light chain disease that was diagnosed serendipitously during a workup for haematuria. Our patient was otherwise asymptomatic, but this case underscores the importance of considering amyloidosis as a possible cause of isolated masses of the small intestine.


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