scholarly journals Definición, usos e historiografía de la miniatura-retrato = Definition, Uses and Historiography of Portrait Miniature

2018 ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Isabel María Rodríguez Marco
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Methodology ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

Este trabajo tiene como principal objetivo realizar un estado de la cuestión de la investigación sobre la miniatura-retrato. Se trata de una materia poco estudiada en España, a diferencia de otros países como Inglaterra o Francia, a pesar de que ha habido importantes colecciones de miniaturas en nuestro país. Por otro lado, hay que destacar que estas piezas son de enorme interés para la investigación, pues revelan usos de la imagen altamente significativos para la historia cultural de las épocas moderna y contemporánea. Se ha realizado un análisis pormenorizado de la bibliografía existente, remontándonos a las obras publicadas en el siglo XIX hasta los trabajos más recientes, tanto españoles como extranjeros, subrayando el valor de los planteamientos interdisciplinares de la investigación actual.Miniatures and small portraits are highly significant to the cultural history of Modern and Contemporary periods. We have focused on portrait miniature, due to the lack of research on this area in Spain, even though miniatures had been deeply appreciated among private collectors. With the aim of attempting the state of the art, we have carefully analysed a variety of bibliographical references, starting with the first studies dated from the 19th century, finishing with the more recent ones, by Spanish and foreign authors. It is worth mentioning that, today, researchers are following an interdisciplinary methodology that we consider highly enriching.

scholarly journals The role of accounting in the industrialization efforts of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Batuhan Güvemli
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
The State ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

When the need for industrialization surfaced in the 19th century, Ottoman Empire aimed to establish state-led, profit-oriented enterprises after the Imperial Edict of 1839, which is also known as Tanzimat. Experienced accountants of the state tried to do the investment calculations of an iron factory in the 1840s (Istanbul) by benefiting from the merdiban accounting method, which was initially developed to record the revenues and expenditures of the state. This study contributes to the relevant literature by analyzing the adequacy of this statist-centralist accounting method within a profit-oriented environment and its role in this failed attempt towards industrialization. Merdiban allows the separation of investments as actual construction, still projected and shows the payment status of investments in details. As one of the first profit oriented investment project in the history of the Ottoman Empire, accountants mislead critical pieces of information like plans for procurement of raw materials, projected sales, payback time, capacity and depreciation. Findings indicate that neither accountants nor the method were ready to operate in a for-profit organization, eventually resulting diminish of this old accounting method in 1879.Cuando en el siglo XIX surgió la necesidad de la industrialización, el Imperio Otomano se propuso establecer empresas dirigidas por el estado y con fines de lucro después del Edicto Imperial de 1839, también conocido como Tanzimat. Contadores experimentados del estado intentaron hacer los cálculos de inversión de una fábrica de hierro en la década de 1840 (Estambul) al beneficiarse del método de contabilidad merdiban, que se desarrolló inicialmente para registrar los ingresos y los gastos del estado. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura relevante mediante el análisis de la adecuación de este método de contabilidad estatista-centralista dentro de un entorno orientado a los beneficios y su papel en este intento fallido de industrialización. Merdiban permite la separación de las inversiones como construcción real, aún se proyecta y muestra el estado de pago de las inversiones en detalles. Como uno de los primeros proyectos de inversión con fines de lucro en la historia del Imperio Otomano, los contadores confunden datos críticos como los planes para la adquisición de materias primas, las ventas proyectadas, el tiempo de retorno, la capacidad y la depreciación. Los resultados indican que ni los contadores ni el método estaban listos para operar en una organización con fines de lucro, lo que finalmente disminuyó el uso de este viejo método de contabilidad en 1879.* I am pleased to acknowledge the financial support for this research provided by the Scientific Research Projects Division (TÜBAP) of the Trakya University, Republic of Turkey. I am also grateful to the participants at the 13th World Congress of Accounting Historians, Newcastle, U.K., and the two anonymous referees for helpful comments on earlier drafts. 

scholarly journals Los espacios turísticos: producción, experiencias e imaginarios. El caso de la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, 1900-1940

2019 ◽  
pp. 219-246
Author(s):  
Pablo Martínez Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
Material Production ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Tourist Experience ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century

Los procesos de producción de espacios turísticos se expresan en sendas espacio-temporales, asociadas a una producción material, como las infraestructuras, equipamiento y conectividad, pero también en una producción inmaterial, basada en la difusión de imaginarios territoriales vinculados a la experiencia turística. Se busca analizar dicho proceso, en la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, entre 1900-1940, a partir de los relatos de los primeros viajeros con motivaciones turísticas a finales del siglo XIX y el rol de Estado como actor promotor de la turistificación del territorio en el sur de Chile. The processes of production of tourist spaces are expressed in space-time paths, associated with a material production, such as infrastructures, equipment and connectivity, but also in an immaterial production, based on the diffusion of territorial imaginaries linked to the tourist experience. It is sought to analyze this process, in the Chilean Andean-lacustrine Araucanía, between 1900-1940, based on the account of the first travelers with tourist motivations at the end of the 19th century and the role of the State as a promoter of the touristification of the territory in the South of Chile.

scholarly journals Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez y el otro marxismo

2014 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Bolívar Echeverría
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this note, Bolívar Echeverría highlights the importance of Sánchez Vázquez in the history of marxism, since 1950’s until the end of the 19th century. Echeverría observes the importance and radicality of Spanish philosopher’s philosophical approaches. From the debates with Althusser, Sartre and the dogmatic marxism, until the defence of radical democracy and the critic to the dictatorship of the Capital, the author reminds us of the state of being in force of Sánchez Vázquez’s work.

scholarly journals KYIV HISTORY IN EGO-DOCUMENTS: HRYHORII GALAGAN’S LETTER TO OLEKSANDR KOCHUBEY, 1857

2017 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Maryna Budzar
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
State Council ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The use of the epistolary heritage is one of the main requirements of the researchers who study Ukrainian cities. An important task is to reconstruct the history of Kyiv through the impressions of its inhabitants. Such a task is realized in the article, which is the publication of one of the letters of Hryhorii Pavlovych Galagan, the great landlord, influential public and cultural figure of the middle and second half of the 19th century, to his wife’s uncle, Oleksandr Vasyliovych Kochubey, the representative of the higher echelons of the imperial elite, a member of the State Council of Russian Empire. The document is a significant source. Apart the main theme of the letter — the visit of Emperor Alexander II to Kyiv in autumn of 1857, here is highlighted a number of socio-political and private-family issues. The publication of the document is important for the study of the Ukrainian elite of the 19th century in multidimensional manifestations of social and everyday life.

scholarly journals The Neelovs Fond from the State Archive of the Smolensk Region: Russian Public Figures of the 19th Century in the Midst of Rural Everyday Life

2020 ◽  
pp. 995-1006
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Gorskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Body ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article analyzes sources in the family fond “The Neelovs” from the State Archive of the Smolensk Region. The main body of documents relates to the history of the 19th century and has not yet been introduced into scientific use. The Neelovs, nobles of the Gzhatsk uezd, who were included in the first part of the genealogical book of the nobles of the Smolensk gubernia, participated in major events of the 19th century on national and regional level. The article is to describe the content of the fond and to assess the information potential of its sources for studying the history of a noble provincial family in the context of Russian history. It establishes that the documents differ in their origin and significance. Recordkeeping documents and those of personal provenance are numerous and informative. Among recordkeeping documents of particular interest are documents of economic nature and the Neelov brothers’ records of service; among sources of personal provenance of most interest are travel notes and epistolary heritage of the family members. There are numerous documents reflecting the Neelov brothers’ life and career, many of which concern well-known Russian professor of the Military Academy and writer N. D. Neelov and the director of the department of agriculture of the Ministry of State Property and Senator D.D. Neelov. The author concludes that the identified sources allow to recreate the history of a rural noble family before and after the abolition of seldom, to study its economic situation, culture, everyday life, and evolution of the social role of nobility in provincial life. The fond content also clarifies socio-economic processes in the midst of peasantry, history and repercussions of the major events of the 19th century: the war of 1812, the Polish uprising of 1831, preparation of the abolition of seldom, activities of the Zemstvo institutions; it helps to connect the history of the family and the history of the country.

scholarly journals The role of confucianism in sociopolitics of the Nguyen dynasty in the first half of the 19th century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
鬼谷 子
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The research focuses on how the Nguyen dynasty it became the first to have the largest territory in the history of Vietnam in its nearly 60 years of establishing and reigning over the unified country in the first half of the 19th century. It is seen that in terms of organizing the state apparatus, Gia Long and Minh Mang retained the system of agencies of the previous dynasties and continued reforms to ensure socio-political stability in their governance at that time. The study also clarifies the social role of Confucianism in the Nguyen dynasty, i.e. in the first half of the 19th century, which, in our opinion, is theoretically and practically significant, with the hope of further unraveling the role of Confucianism in that period.

scholarly journals Augusto en la historiografía del XIX en España

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Mirella Romero Recio
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Military Leader ◽  
History Of ◽  
Roman Military ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Península Ibérica

Resumen: La figura de Augusto no tuvo gran atractivo para los historiadores españoles del siglo XIX. Más interesados en destacar la labor de los emperadores de origen hispano, las Historias de España no dedicaron demasiada atención a la labor de quien cerró las conquistas militares romanas en la Península Ibérica. Las contradicciones fueron constantes en una historiografía que abordó la etapa augústea casi siempre de manera colateral y que no profundizó de manera exhaustiva en el conocimiento de este periodo histórico. Sin embargo, como muestra este artículo, Augusto no pasó desapercibido en la historiografía española decimonónica.Palabras clave: Emperador Augusto, Historiografía española, Historia de Roma, siglo XIX.Abstract: The figure of Augustus did little to attract the attention of 19th century Spanish historians. They were more interested in highlighting the work of emperors of Hispanic descent, thus the Histories of Spain dedicated little space to the Roman military leader who conquered the Iberian Peninsula. There are constant contradictions in the historiography, which approached the Augustan period almost exclusively side on, never plunging into the knowledge with exhaustive depth. However, as this article shows, Augustus did not go completely unnoticed in the 19th century Spanish historiography.Key words: Emperor Augustus, Spanish historiography, history of Rome, 19th century.

Libraries of Educations Institutions in Russia in the First Half of 19th Century

2010 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

Libraries are the integral part of cultural history of Russia. Widespread opening of school libraries in the Russian Empire began in the early 19th century. They began opening school libraries across Russia in the beginning of the 19th century. The paper aims to show the formation and development of libraries in educational institutions of Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The research is based on legislative documents regulating the functions of activity of school libraries and archival materials on the Russian history of the 19th century.

History of formation and modern structure of the bryolological herbarium of the State Natural History Museum of the NAS of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Klymyshyn O. ◽  
Savytska A.
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
History Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
History Of Formation

The history of formation of the bryological herbaria of the State Natural History Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is considered. Many collectors and scientists-botanists took part in the formation of the main scientific fund of the bryological herbaria, among them A. Lazarenko, K. Ulychna, V. Melnichuk, M. Slobodian and others. The article contains a list of samples of bryophytes, which are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. Rare samples (including doublets and exsiccates) are described from territories of other countries, as well as specimens dating to the end of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Malaria, Tarai Adivasi and the Landlord State in the 19th century Nepal: A Historical-Ethnographic Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 87-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Rai
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Social History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethnographic Analysis ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper examines the interplay between malaria, the Tarai Adivasi and the extractive landlord state in the 19th century Nepal by focusing on Dhimal, one indigenous community from the easternmost lowlands. Throughout the 19th century, the Nepali state and its rulers treated the Tarai as a state geography of extraction for land, labor, revenue and political control. The malarial environment of the Tarai, which led to the shortage people (labor force), posed a major challenge to the 19th  century extractive landlord state and the landowning elites to materialize the colonizing project in the Tarai. The shortage of labor added pressure on the malaria resistant Tarai Adivasi to reclaim and cultivate land for the state. The paper highlights the need for ethnographically informed social history of malaria in studying the changing relations between the state and the ?div?si communities in the Tarai DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v7i0.10438 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 7, 2013; 87-112

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