scholarly journals La tutela constitucional de las personas con discapacidad // The constitutional protection of persons with disabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (100) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Héctor Álvarez García
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Universal Accessibility ◽  
The Social ◽  
Free Development ◽  
The Will

Resumen:El trabajo principia con un recorrido histórico por los distintos modelos implementados por los poderes públicos para abordar el fenómenode la discapacidad, que culmina con el paradigma mixto —médico y social— plasmado en la Constitución española de 1978. El artículo interpreta las «normas de contenido social» de la Constitución, a la luz del Convenio Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y de la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional, al objeto de determinar el contenido y alcance de la tutela constitucional de la capacidad de obrar de las personas con discapacidad, imprescindible para garantizar el libre desarrollo de la personalidad a este numeroso grupo de ciudadanos, cuyas vidas han sido tradicionalmente gobernadas por la voluntad ajena, cuando no directamenteprivados de libertad mediante su institucionalización.Summary:1. Historical paradigms. 1.1 Eugenic. 1.2 Medical. 1.3. Social. 2. The constitutional model. 3. The exercise of rights. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 The International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. 3.3 Equal legal capacity. 3.4 Universal accessibility. 4. Bibliography.Abstract:The work begins with an historical journey through the different models implemented by public authorities to address the phenomenon of disability. This journey culminates with the mixed paradigm —medical and social— embodied in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The article interprets the «social protections norms» of the Constitution, in the light of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the doctrine of the Constitutional Court, in order to determine the content and scope of constitutional protection of the capacity to act of persons with disabilities. This is essential to ensure the free development of the personality of this large group of citizens, whose lives have traditionally been governed by the will of others, if not been directly deprived of their liberty through their institutionalization.

scholarly journals El artículo 53 de la Constitución Española de 1978: esquema de la evolución y del estado de situación de sus instrumentos de reconocimiento y garantía de las libertades y derechos fundamentales (1978-2017) // Article 53 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978: outline of the evolution and the situation of their instruments for the guarantee of the Fundamental Rights (1978-2017)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (100) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Alberto Oehling de los Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The Core ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Core Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Reality

Resumen:El artículo 53 de la Constitución española recoge tres cuestiones básicas: en primer lugar, determina que los derechos y libertades vinculan a todo el poder público; en segundo lugar, determina la protección constitucional y judicial de los derechos y libertades y de los derechos fundamentales; en tercer lugar, reconoce los principios rectores de la política social y económica. En este artículo se analizan estos preceptos y conceptos constitucionales, pero también se estudia su desarrollo legislativo desde 1978 y la realidad práctica hasta el día de hoy. En el artículo también se hace análisis de algunas incoherencias de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional en materias fundamentales del artículo 53 de la Constitución española de 1978. La intención es dar una visión de conjunto del artículo 53 de la Constitución desde 1978 hasta hoy.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. The structure of the practical realization of the article 53. 3. Preconditions of the legislation of the rights and freedoms and fundamental rights: 3.1 The principle of subjection and legally binding of all public authorities. 3.2 The principle of legal reserve. 3.3 The core content of the rights and freedoms. 4. The preferred procedure and ordinary summary of the article 53: 4.1 Outline of evolution and situation of the preferred procedure and summary inthe jurisdictional divisions. 4.2 About the protection of fundamental rights with procedural nature. 5. The remedy of amparo in the context of the article 53.2. 6. Approximation to the practical sense of the principles recognized in Chapter III Title I.Abstract:The article 53 of the Spanish Constitution specifies three basic issues: First, determines that the rights and liberties link all the public authorities; Secondly, determines the judicial and constitutional protection of the rights and freedoms and fundamental rights in Spain; Thirdly, recognizes the guiding principles of the social and economic policy. In this article are analysed these constitutional provisions and concepts, but also is studied their legislative development since 1978 and the practical reality until the present day. In the article are also analysed some inconsistencies in the jurisprudence of the SpanishConstitutional Court on fundamental issues about the article 53 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The intention is to give an overview of the article 53 of the Constitution from 1978 until today.

scholarly journals The Impact of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Qatari Domestic Legislation

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Rafael De Asís Roig ◽  
María del Carmen Barranco Avilés ◽  
Patricia Cuenca Gómez ◽  
Pablo Rodríguez del Pozo ◽  
Khalid Al Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Universal Accessibility ◽  
The Social ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
The Impact

The entry into force of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities means that State Parties shall adapt their legislation and regulation to the social model designed in the international text. The present work aims to identify the general challenges faced by Qatar in that task. After presenting the keys to understanding the requirements of the Convention, the paper underlines the necessity of a cultural change in addition to a legal one. In this way, Qatar shares with other State Parties theoretical, legal, social and economic problems. Specifically, the current medical model in Qatar policies should be replaced with the conventional social model. This implies the elimination of discrimination based on disability, the universal accessibility, the legal capacity for persons with disabilities and their right to live independently. A priority is to generate an associative movement around disability.

scholarly journals El principio de no regresividad de los derechos sociales en el ordenamiento constitucional español // The principle of non-regressivity of Social rights in the Spanish Constitutional Law

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (100) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Miguel Agudo Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legitimate Expectations

Resumen:Este trabajo analiza la situación en el modelo constitucional español del principio de no regresividad de los derechos sociales. Se parte del análisis sucinto del modelo social de nuestra Constitución lo que implica el reconocimiento de derechos económicos y sociales. Este reconocimiento es la plasmación constitucional de los principios de solidaridad y de cohesión social. El principio de cohesión social ha sido definido por el Consejo de Europa e incluido explícitamente en los tratados constitutivos de la Unión Europea. La necesidad de lograr la cohesión social fundamenta la inclusión en las Constituciones y en los tratados internacionales del principio de no regresividad de los derechos sociales. En la Constitución española de 1978 este principio no se incluye expresamente. La no inclusión en la Constitución de este principio supone un peligro para la cohesión social en tiempos de crisis económica. Por su parte, el Tribunal Constitucional ha sentado una doctrina ambigua sobre este asunto, que ha sido analizada en este trabajo, así como las más significativas aportaciones doctrinales sobre la materia. Para saber cuáles son los limites de la regresividad de los derechos sociales que dotan de contenido este principio se ha realizado una comparativa internacional y de los principios constitucionales. Del estudio del ordenamiento internacional y de los valores y principios constitucionales se ha obtenido una serie de límites a la regresividad del contenido, eficacia y protección de los derechos sociales. Concluye este trabajo sugiriendo una propuesta de reforma constitucional que incluya el principio de no regresividad de los derechos sociales en el texto constitucional estableciendo una serie de requisitos de aquellas medidas que puedan suponer una regresión de contenido de los mismos tales como que deberán justificarse plenamente en referencia a la totalidad de los derechos, valores y principios recogidos en la Constitución y en los tratados internacionales suscritos por el Estado español y en el contexto del aprovechamiento pleno del máximo de los recursos de que se disponga; se aplicarán tras el examen más exhaustivo de todas las alternativas posibles; tendrán en todo caso carácter temporal hasta que las circunstancias económicas permitan restablecer el ámbito material de contenido, eficacia, protección y garantía prexistente de los derechos sociales afectados; en todo caso respetarán el contenido mínimo esencial de los derechos sociales como manifestación de la dignidad humana; serán razonables y estarán suficientemente motivadas; no vulnerarán, entre otros, los principios de seguridad jurídica, confianza legítima, no discriminación e irretroactividad de disposiciones restrictivas de derechos individuales, serán proporcionadas y respetarán los principios de solidaridad, cohesión y sostenibilidad social. Summary1. State, solidarity and social cohesion. 2. Doctrinal and jurisprudential notes on the principle of non-regressivity of social rights. 3. Limits to the regressivity of social rights. a) Limits derived from international law. b) Limits derived from dignity as essential content of social rights. c) Limits derived from the prohibition of arbitrariness: the need for sufficient motivation. 4. Conclusion: constitutionalamendment and non-regressivity of social rights.Abstract:This paper analyzes the constitutional recognition of the principle of non-regressivity of social rights in Spain. It starts from the succinct analysis of the social model of our Constitution which implies the recognition of economic and social rights. This recognition is the constitutionalization of the principles of solidarity and social cohesion. The principle of social cohesion has been defined by the Council of Europe and explicitly included in the constitutive treaties of the European Union. The need to achieve social cohesion underpins the inclusion in the Constitutions and international treaties of the principle of non-regression of social rights. In the Spanish Constitution of 1978 this principle is not expressly included. The non-inclusion in the Constitution of this principle poses a danger to social cohesion in times of economic crisis. For its part, the Constitutional Court has established an ambiguous doctrine on this subject, which has been analyzed in this work, as well as the most significant doctrinal contributions on the subject. In order to know which are the limits of the regressivity of the social rights that give content of this principle an international comparison has been made as well as a study of constitutional principles. Limits to the regressivity of content, effectiveness and protection of social rights have been obtained from the study of international order and constitutional values and principles. This paper concludes by suggesting a proposal for constitutional amendment that includes the principle of non-regressivity of social rights in the Spanish Constitution establishing some requirements of those measures that imply a regression of their content such as: they shall be fully justified in relationship with all the rights, values and principles contained in the Constitution and in the international treaties signed by the Spanish State and in the context of full exploitation of the maximum resources available; Shall be applied after a more comprehensive examination of all possible alternatives; Shall in any case be of a temporary nature until the economic circumstances permit the restoration of the content, effectiveness, protection and pre-existing guarantee of the social rights affected; In any case they will respect the essential minimum content of social rights as a manifestation of human dignity; Shall be reasonable and sufficiently motivated; Shall not infringe, inter alia, the principles of legal certainty, legitimate expectations, non-discrimination and non-retroactivity of provisions restricting individual rights; Shall be proportionate and shall respect the principles of solidarity, cohesion and social sustainability.

scholarly journals Constitutional Protection of the rights of Persons with Disabilities In Jordan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Numan Elkhatib ◽  
◽  
Razan N. Elkhatib ◽  
Keyword(s):  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Educational Thought ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The People ◽  
Recent Trends

Humanitarian societies in all their forms, social, political and educational, types seek to highlight the interest in people with disabilities because of the obstacles and challenges this category suffers from such as preventing them from fully enjoying their rights and freedoms which are stipulated in international treaties and national legislations, on the top of which the constitution for its highness and supremacy. The Constitutional Amendments that were made to the 1952 Jordanian Constitution on Oct 1st 2011 had a major impact. They strengthened the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in Jordan because of the clear and explicit text that states the necessity to protect this group. They also established of the Constitutional Court with the recent trends that demonstrate the importance of the international treaties, the need to respect national legislation for these treaties, the obligations of their parties and what the national legislator must issue in accordance with these treaties under the penalty of the constitutional responsibility in what is included in the text and NOT Included ( Legislative Omission), and the need to coordinate joint work between legal and educational thought to prepare the appropriate legislation that protects the people with disabilities.

scholarly journals ARTICLE 25.2 OF SPANISH CONSTITUTION: A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT OF PRISONERS?

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-90
Author(s):  
JOSÉ PABLO SANCHA DÍEZ
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Spanish Constitution

 Even though our Constitutional Court and a section of the Spanish public law doctrine continue to support that Article 25.2 contains only an instruction directed to the legislator in criminal and penitentiary matters, we could affirm that this aforementioned precept contains a real fundamental right to the reintegration of the prisoner, which is subject to constitutional protection.  In the same way, the true sense that should be granted to the re-socialization, avoiding the de-socialization of the prisoners, will be allowed to conclude that they have the same rights as men in freedom, with the exception of the triad of article 25.2: contents of condemnatory ruling, sense of punishment and penitentiary law.

scholarly journals La cooperación internacional al desarrollo en el sistema universal de los derechos humanos: los derechos humanos como marco para la comprensión de la cooperación internacional al desarrollo / International Development Cooperation in the Universal Human Rights System: Human Rights as a Framework for Understanding of International Cooperation Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Gloria Esteban de la Rosa ◽  
Cherif Ba Sow
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Free Development

ABSTRACTThe aim of the International Cooperation Development is to improve the living conditions of people in developing countries so that they can meet the basic needs of the human family (United Nations Millennium Declaration of 2000). However, the international cooperation that the great texts refers to, which include human rights, is not identified with this other modality, which agrees "to the development". By contrast, the notion of cooperation founded in its basis has not enabled the aim that the genuine international cooperation between peoples and nations must fulfil, which is clearly indicated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as well as the Spanish Constitution of 1978: the full realization of the social, economic and cultural rights, essential for the free development of the personality (as an active dimension of the human dignity). And, therefore, its purpose is defended as a (additional) guarantee for the satisfaction of basic human needs.RESUMENEl objetivo de la Cooperación internacional al desarrollo consiste en mejorar las condiciones de vida de las personas en los Países en vías de desarrollo, para que puedan satisfacerse las necesidades básicas de la familia humana (Declaración del milenio de 2000 de Naciones Unidas). Sin embargo, lcooperación internacional al desarrollo, desarrollo, necesidades humanas básicas, derechos humanos,derechos sociales, económicos y culturalesa cooperación internacional a la que se refieren los grandes textos que recogen los derechos humanos no se identifica con esta otra modalidad, que se adjetiva “al desarrollo”. Por el contrario, la noción de cooperación que se encuentra en su base no ha permitido el objetivo que ha de cumplir la auténtica cooperación internacional entre los pueblos y las naciones, que indican de forma clara la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos, el Pacto de Derechos económicos sociales y culturales así como la Constitución Española de 1978: la plena efectividad de los derechos sociales, económicos y culturales, indispensables para el libre desarrollo de la personalidad (como dimensión activa de la dignidad humana). Y, por ello, se defiende su función como garantía (complementaria) para la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas básicas.

scholarly journals Vigilando al vigilante: el Tribunal Constitucional y sus circunstancias = Guarding the guardian: The constitutional court and its circumstances

2017 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Alegre Martínez
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constituent Power ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
The Will ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
The One ◽  
The Guardian

<p>El escaso uso de los mecanismos de reforma constitucional ha hecho recaer sobre el Tribunal Constitucional, casi en exclusiva, la tarea de actualizar la Constitución española de 1978, a través de la interpretación evolutiva de la misma. En este trabajo, nos ocupamos, por una parte, de las dificultades a las que el Tribunal Constitucional ha tenido que enfrentarse en el desempeño de sus funciones; y, por otra, en el mayor o menor acierto en el ejercicio de las mismas. Reflexionamos sobre la delicada posición del Tribunal Constitucional, situado en el límite entre interpretar la voluntad del poder constituyente y sustituirla; así como en la frontera entre el activismo y la autocontención. Intentamos establecer la incidencia de algunas de sus decisiones sobre los problemas que afectan actualmente a nuestro sistema constitucional, en especial al Estado de las Autonomías.</p><p> </p><p>The limited use of the mechanisms of constitutional reform has made to rest on the Constitutional Court, almost exclusively, the task of updating the Spanish Constitution of 1978, through its evolutive interpretation. In this paper, we attend to, on the one hand, the difficulties to which the Constitutional Court has had to face in the development of its functions; and, on the other hand, the greater or lesser success in the exercise of the same. We reflect about the delicate position of the Constitutional Court, located on the border between interpreting the will of the constituent power or replace it; as well as on the border between activism or self-restraint. We are trying to establish the incidence of some of its decisions on the problems that currently affect our constitutional system, in particular to the State of Autonomies.</p>

scholarly journals The synergy between employment policies and cooperatives with regard to new forms of work. An overview based on Spanish constitutional law

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Santiago Larrazabal Basáñez
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Balanced Budget ◽  
New Forms Of Work

This text explains how active employment policies and cooperatives are perfectly suited to fulfil the mandates outlined in the 1978 Spanish Constitution in relation to the promotion of cooperatives (Article 129.2), and to policies oriented towards full employment (Article 40.1), which fall under the overall protection of social rights. After analysing the provisions contained in these two articles, details are provided as to how the economic crisis and the strict balanced budget policies that ensued have also weakened the constitutional protection of social rights, with the adoption of regressive measures whose compatibility with the Constitution has been accepted by the Spanish Constitutional Court (despite divided opinions among the Court’s members). Finally, an analysis is conducted of the options available within the Spanish legal system to protect and encourage cooperative societies. It is then argued that cooperatives can be a very useful instrument to create employment, even within the most innovative and dynamic sectors of the economy. These sectors include, for example, the collaborative economy (which includes the digital economy), the ‘white economy’, the ‘green economy’ and the ‘circular economy’.Received: 01 October 2018Accepted: 07 March 2019Published online: 22 July 2019

The Predominance of a ‘Strong’ Economy over a ‘Weak’ Social Constitution

2020 ◽  
pp. 311-337
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Maldonado Molina ◽  
Juan Romero Coronado
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Royal Decree ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Social Law ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Social Constitution ◽  
Economic Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
The Government

In Spain, the economic crisis has generated a series of restrictive reforms, slashing the level of pensions, healthcare, long-term care, unemployment, social assistance, and family benefits. The majority of reforms do not stem from the Spanish parliament, but from the government, which has resorted to the systematic use of the royal decree-law as a legislative instrument to implement not only temporary reforms but also eminently permanent structural reforms. Spain’s Constitutional Court has validated the government’s use of the royal decree-law on very permissive grounds. This has led to the fracturing of the separation of powers and the distortion of the natural mechanisms for creating legislation, contending that extraordinary measures must be taken with extreme urgency. Furthermore, the Spanish Constitution was reformed in 2011, introducing the principle of budgetary stability. After this constitutional reform, the Spanish constitutional panorama is one where social and economic provisions coexist, but economic provisions prevail, creating an imbalance between the social and the economic. This predominance of a ‘strong’ economic constitution over a ‘weak’ social constitution was clearly manifested during the crisis, when all reforms in social law were subordinated to the economic rationale of controlling the budget deficit.

scholarly journals TO THE PROBLEM OF PHYSICAL SUPPORT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Oksana Kravchenko ◽  
Maryna Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
The Social ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Ordinary Person

Today, the activities of all national institutions, including public authorities, public associations, etc., are aimed at creating conditions in which persons with disabilities can lead an independent life and take an active part in all its aspects. Full participation of people with disabilities in society is not possible due to numerous barriers and obstacles. An «ordinary» person may not notice them, and a person with a disability has to deal with them on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the training of accompanying persons with disabilities. Research methods: theoretical – analysis of psychological and pedagogical sources on the researched issues, generalization and systematization of data on training – attendant of persons with disabilities; empirical – polls. The sample of the study consisted of 10 volunteers who accompanied the participants of the International Art Symposium-Plein Air of Persons with Disabilities «Art without Restrictions». Volunteers in the survey noted that the vast majority do not have qualified training. Among the problems faced when accompanying people with disabilities are the following: ignorance of others about the capabilities and needs of people with disabilities; difficulty in establishing interpersonal communication; the presence of architectural barriers that prevent unimpeded movement or access to a particular object; wrong approach that does not take into account the opinion of people with disabilities in solving their problems; a state of despair or helplessness of such people, etc. According to the results of the study, the importance of introducing the standard of the profession «Companion of Persons with Disabilities» and training specialists with the same qualification is an important step towards ensuring access to public goods of all categories of citizens, including people with disabilities. At the same time, the social service of physical support is part of a system of measures that contribute to the social rehabilitation of people with disabilities.

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