Constitutional Protection of the rights of Persons with Disabilities In Jordan

Humanitarian societies in all their forms, social, political and educational, types seek to highlight the interest in people with disabilities because of the obstacles and challenges this category suffers from such as preventing them from fully enjoying their rights and freedoms which are stipulated in international treaties and national legislations, on the top of which the constitution for its highness and supremacy. The Constitutional Amendments that were made to the 1952 Jordanian Constitution on Oct 1st 2011 had a major impact. They strengthened the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in Jordan because of the clear and explicit text that states the necessity to protect this group. They also established of the Constitutional Court with the recent trends that demonstrate the importance of the international treaties, the need to respect national legislation for these treaties, the obligations of their parties and what the national legislator must issue in accordance with these treaties under the penalty of the constitutional responsibility in what is included in the text and NOT Included ( Legislative Omission), and the need to coordinate joint work between legal and educational thought to prepare the appropriate legislation that protects the people with disabilities.

Demographic and Psychological Determinants of Consumerism and Purchase Intention in the Middle East Markets

This study explores the way in which the market research function can facilitate entry into developing markets by analysing the demographic, and psychological parameters of the Arab consumers in the gulf countries. After collecting data from real participants (n=601), partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the latent variables and their indicators. The results indicate that developing markets benefit from in-depth market research functions to flesh out the plan for a product, service or brand. This research function should utilize demographic data to segment the target market into more manageable sections. The psychological determinants which defined the marketing strategies developed ensured that the results were more cost-effective. Although consumer’s psychologicallybased behaviour and their demographic variables affect performance in emerging markets, behavioural intention to buy brands in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council has the greatest effect. Therefore, affinity marketing with luxurious products would be lucrative if it served such customers.

Khol’â (the dislocation): An Analytical View of the Supreme Court’s Judges Compared to Islamic Jurisprudence

The Algerian legislator has developed several ways and methods to release the marital union. One of these is the Khol’â or the dislocation whereby the woman requests divorce from her husband in exchange for money that she offers to him. If the husband accepts both Khol’â or the dislocation and the offer, then there is no problem. In case he accepted the dislocation and rejected the offer, the judge would have to determine the allowance on the basis of the dowry of similar cases. Before the amendment of the family code in 2005 and due to the lack of clarity in the text, the judges’ opinions differed if the husband refused dislocation altogether. A woman may request Khol’â before completing the physical marriage procedures, that is, before consummation, and here we face the problem of the judges ’response to her request. This research paper aims to clarify the truth of what judges in general, and Supreme Court justices in particular, have said, regarding whether Khol’â is considered a pure right for women or men had a share in it. And, whether it is really not valid to divorce before consummation because it violates either the law or the provisions of Islamic law. In our research, we have used the descriptive and analytical methodology, in addition to the comparative method. At the end we have deduced that the judges used to stipulate the husband’s consent for the Khol’â. But now they have established that it is a pure right for women, especially after amending Article 54 of the family law. They are also almost unanimous in the non-permissibility of Khol’â before consummation, while the Supreme Court is settled on that. We have come to the conclusion that this does not have a legal basis, that means there is no text that prohibits it not even in Sharia, as the jurists of the four schools are all agreed upon its validity.

The role of viral marketing in improving the mental image of the Palestinian cellular communications company Jawwal - Southern Governorates

The aim of the research is to test and analyze the correlation and impact relationships between the dimensions of viral marketing (electronic publishing methods, viral advertising campaigns, the electronic spoken word, motivations of viral message conveyers) and to improve the mental image (perception, influence, motivation, and desire) from the viewpoint of the customers of the Palestinian Cellular Communications Company (Jawwal), and revealing the differences in the responses of the sample members according to the following personal variables: (gender, use of mobile services, duration of use, degree of interest in mobile services). To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive analytical approach was used for its suitability to the nature of this study, and the questionnaire was used as a main tool. For the purpose of completing this research, (440) questionnaires were distributed, and (380) were recovered, representing (86.%) as a recovery rate. The distributed questionnaires targeted (Jawwal) customers. The researcher used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the primary data collected from the research. The researcher has reached a set of results related to the field of application, the most important of which are: the existence of a positive relationship between the dimensions of viral marketing and improving the mental image, as well as the existence of a statistically significant effect between the dimensions of viral marketing and enhancing the mental image in the company under study. Finally, there are statistically significant differences between the average of the respondents’ answers due to personal variables (gender, use of mobile services, duration of use, degree of interest in mobile services).The researcher recommends that the researched company take advantage of the viral ads to reach the largest segment of the target customers and motivate the e-messengers to re-send these ads to relatives and friends so that it may become a basic means of promoting its services and improving its mental image.

The repercussions of the Covid-19 crisis on global markets and the expected scenarios for the advancement of the global economy

The research focuses on assessing and analyzing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated impacts on the international market scenarios. Moreover, the research evaluates financial recovery scenarios for global markets to understand the future path of the global economy’s progress and overcoming its current distress. Thus, the aim of conducting relevant research is to provide appropriate guidance to various policymakers regarding the development of economic benefits by coordinating global policies to respond effectively to the implications of epidemiological situations associated with COVID-19. We have monitored many indicators from various countries that seek to overcome the remnants of the epidemic by making use of previous experiences that the world has gone through. With statistical data, we sought to transfer the idea of increasing national income and reducing inflation to several countries. Finally, we sought to find an appropriate solution to restore the global economy to its previous state in the near future and create an economic market that depends on benefiting from the experiences of countries in this field after the pandemic.

A comparative study on competition laws and practices between Saudi Arabia and the United States

This paper mainly compares the prevailing competition laws and practices of both the United States of America and Saudi Arabia with respect to their historical development and the legal systems of these countries. These objectives emanate from the globalization of trade and commerce, which necessitates considerable knowledge on the part of the global investors of the similarities and differences between the two countries for ease of trade. Being a comparative study, the current work adopts a comparative analysis methodology whose main objective is to evaluate the characteristics of each competition practice. Furthermore, there has been a need to reconcile the various views regarding the practices in both systems, as some deemed them similar while others advanced that they were opposites. The results of the research were quite mixed. The research established that the similarities and differences between the competition laws of both countries vary depending on each country’s unique legal systems, socioeconomic practices, political organization, and legislations. Generally, some of these factors, particularly the political organization, resulted in the commercially restrictive practices culminating in price violation. A striking similarity is that both competition practices do not prohibit domination by a given business entity but instead prohibit the abuse of such dominance. Alternatively, a key difference between them is that while Saudi laws are borrowed from the Islamic Sharia laws, the American system is tailored to capitalistic principles. Notably, the Saudi laws are reflective of the much broader Islamic jurisprudence. This paper shall be essential because it deconstructs the competition practices of American Law and Islamic Jurisprudence in an easier way, hence helpful to those interested in this research area.

Applying active training principles and its impact on trainees’ learning gain and motivation

This study aimed to highlight on the active training and demonstrate its impact on learners’ learning and motivation to follow such training, engage in it and apply its skills. The population of the study consisted of a group of main tax auditors, verification monitors and accounting chiefs (category III), who are practitioners in the Directorate of Public Finance under the authority of the Ministry of Finance. They attended a training course at the National Institute of Administration in Lebanon in order to be promoted to full-time employees in the Ministry of Finance. A total of 62 trainees participated in the current study, distributed in three different sections with almost equivalent number of trainees in each section. However, only 58 questionnaires were collected. To obtain the objectives of the current study, the researcher designed a special training material titled “Design Thinking” that complies with the principles of active training. As for data collection method, there was pre- and post-questionnaires. The study adopted mixed approach which combines quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The findings of this study show that active training is very efficient for trainees’ learning and increasing their cognitive knowledge. It also has a prominent role in increasing the motivation of trainees to pursue training and apply the skills acquired in this course.

Trends of University Students Towards the Use of YouTube and the Benefits Achieved - Field study on a sample of Al Ain University students

The study focuses on revealing Al Ain University students ’attitudes toward using YouTube and the achieved gratifications. To achieve this goal, three main questions have been asked: To what extent do Al Ain University students use YouTube? What are the motivations for Al Ain University students to use YouTube? And what are Al Ain University students ’attitudes toward using YouTube? The study adopted the available sample method, and the descriptive survey method for You-Tube users. The most important results of the study were as follows: - YouTube ranked fourth in the order of usage rates for the sampled students. - YouTube usage time varied with age. - There is no variation in the duration of use of the YouTube site, according to gender, degree and grade point average (GPA) of the student. -The students’ answers to the total 23 phrases used by the researcher in measuring their attitudes towards using YouTube and the verifications obtained from him determined four factors that affect the continued adoption of YouTube use. The four factors are namely: study and learning, Communication with others, escape from problems, and Leisure and entertainment.

Enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium companies mechanism to activate their development role

The study aims to show the importance of existing factors of enhancing competitiveness in SMEs in order for activating their development role. The study adopts questionnaire methodology that distributed to a number of small and medium companies, where 26 companies, in Guelma and Tebessa cities, responded to the questionnaire. To achieve the objectives of the study and examine its hypotheses, it relied on primary and secondary data along with using many statistical tools such as percentages, repetitions, simple linear regression (Alpha Kronbach). The study concludes a set of findings, most notably the necessity to enhance and develop the competitiveness of SMEs through providing a range of fundamental elements and factors. This is to activate their development role locally at the level of Guelma and Tebessa cities reaching to comprehensive national development. Based on the results, the study offers a number of recommendations to the managers and decision makers in the organizations subject matter of this study.

Monitor WhatsApp conversations in Palestinian legislation and related guarantees

Monitoring electronic conversations in general, including WhatsApp conversations, is an investigation that falls within the jurisdiction and control of the Public Prosecution. Obtaining the approval of a Magistrate’s Court judge to conduct the observation is considered one of the basic conditions for the validity of the observation procedure. It is of the importance of electronic conversations, which have become legally recognized electronic evidence of crimes of all kinds, as long as the proper legal path that the Palestinian legislator has been followed in obtaining them is followed, the records may be audible, read, or visible, and in particular Lee is considered to be of legal value, whether it represents evidence of conviction or innocence, as a judge can extract its value after reviewing it and reviewing its details, or use an expert to analyze it, especially if it is not clear. It should be noted that protecting the private life of individuals is a constitutional and universal principle that may not be violated by control procedures except to the limits set by the law, since the right to privacy is subject to restriction and is subject to derogation from it according to legal procedures, especially in order to access the truth and achieve justice in accordance with exceptional and strict procedures. It is permissible to violate it, it is not permissible to monitor and record the conversations unless there is a benefit from them for the appearance of the truth, after the approval of the Magistrate’s Court judge upon the request of the Public Prosecutor or one of his assistants to monitor communications and (WhatsApp) conversations and registrations and deal with them to search for Evidence for a felony or misdemeanor is punishable by imprisonment for a period of no less than a year.