The Effects of Instruction in Sentential Logic on Selected Abilities of Second- and Third-Grade Children

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Robert L. McGinty
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Class Size ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sentential Logic ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Types Of Instruction

The main purpose of the study was to determine the effect of different types of instruction on the logical abilities of children. Sixteen classes, eight Grade 2 and eight Grade 3, were randomly assigned to four treatments (three experimental and one control)--two classes per treatment at each grade level. Class size was 25. The instruction in logic was provided once a week, approximately 50 minutes, for 13 weeks. The analysis of variance from three different posttests indicated that instruction has positive effects on certain logical abilities (p = .05). It would appear that children could profit by such instruction as early as the second grade.

The Correlation of Selected Nonmathematical Measures with Mathematics Achievement

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
W. George Cathcart
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Listening Ability ◽  
Achievement In Mathematics ◽  
Grade 3

Most studies that have investigated achievement in mathematics have found that it is correlated with numerous nonmathematical variables. This study examined the relative contribution of intelligence, conservation, socioeconomic status, age, listening ability, vocabulary level, and sex as correlates of mathematics achievement with second- and third-grade pupils. Listening ability and vocabulary levels were significant variables. Intelligence was a significant variable for Grade 3 but not for Grade 2 pupils. Sex and the ability to conserve were not significant at either grade level.

Math is Beautiful

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Stained Glass ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Mathematics Class ◽  
Family Vacation

Two different solution contexts for the Math Is Beautiful investigation are described here: Ali Duncan's third-grade class at Prueter Public School in Kitchener, Ontario, solved the problem during a mathematics class; and Cynthia Hockman-Chupp's son in the second grade explored the investigation while on a plane trip during a family vacation. In both cases, students were asked to design a stained-glass window using specific criteria related to quadrilaterals. To meet the criteria, students had to consider how many shapes would fill a designated space, how different shapes can fit together to tile a surface, and the properties and attributes of different types of quadrilaterals.

Relation of Visual-Motor Skills and Reading Achievement in Primary-Grade Pupils of Superior Ability

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. C. Chang ◽  
Vivian A. C. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
The Third ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Second and third grade pupils ( ns = 23, 27, 24, 26) of superior intelligence were dichotomized into subgroups on the basis of visual-motor development as measured by the Bender-Gestalt. Bender and WISC scores were significantly correlated with reading at the second grade level but not at the third grade. The relationship of reading to visual-motor development and the learning of other skills to read for this type of pupil is suggested.

The Effects of Varying Information About Use and Disposition of Results on University Students’ Evaluations of Faculty and Courses

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Driscoll ◽  
William L. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Class Size ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
University Of Colorado ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Instruction ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Eight different types of instruction sheets were attached to Faculty-Course Questionnaires (FCQs) and randomly distributed to students within 92 University of Colorado courses (stratified by course level and class size). Instructions differed in the information conveyed about use and disposition of FCQ results. Treatment conditions were: (1) informing students of the use of student ratings for administrative decisions about promotion, tenure, or salary increases; (2) informing students of the use of student ratings by professors to make course improvements; (3) informing students that professors eventually receive all the FCQs as originally written. Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance showed the instructions containing information about the administrative use, or the course improvement use, or both uses and disposition to produce ratings higher than those given by students not provided with that information. Interactions involving class size, course level, and the treatment variables were significant for several of the dependent variables, but there was no consistent pattern of differences for classes of various sizes and levels.

Classroom Teacher and Speech Clinician Severity Ratings of Different Speech Disorders

1975 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Wertz ◽  
Michael D. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Classroom Teacher ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Classroom Teachers

Typical examples of four different speech disorders—voice, cleft palate, articulation, and stuttering—were ranked for severity by kindergarten, first-grade, second-grade, and third-grade teachers and by public school speech clinicians. Results indicated that classroom teachers, as a group, moderately agreed with speech clinicians regarding the severity of different speech disorders, and classroom teachers displayed significantly more agreement among themselves than did the speech clinicians.

scholarly journals Increasing University Competitiveness through Assessment of Green Content in Curriculum and Eco-Labeling in Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Andrea Okanović ◽  
Jelena Ješić ◽  
Vladimir Đaković ◽  
Simonida Vukadinović ◽  
Andrea Andrejević Panić
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The University

Growing environmental problems and increasing requirements of green jobs force universities around the world not only to transform their curricula but also to enrich existing ones with contents related to the promotion of sustainable development. This paper aims to show the importance of measuring and monitoring the share of green contents in all university activities, as only in that way it is possible to monitor trends and give realistic assessments of their effect and importance. The paper presents a comparative analysis of different types of methodologies for assessing sustainable activities at universities as well as research conducted at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and its comparison with the University of Gothenburg (Sweden). This research aims to point out the importance of increasing competitiveness in higher education through assessment of green content in a curriculum and its promotion. In this way, through eco-labeling methodology, it would be easier to identify those contents that, in a certain share, contribute to the promotion of sustainable development. Furthermore, this methodology can easily be extended across the country and the region, which would bring positive effects to all stakeholders in higher education.

scholarly journals Reduction in self-reported influenza-like-illness in school children and household members following influenza vaccine administration – a cohort study, Israel, 2016–7

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Shviro Roseman ◽  
Natalya Bilenko ◽  
Rivka Sheffer ◽  
Zohar Mor
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
School Children ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Household Members

Abstract Background Second-grade pupils in Israel have been vaccinated against influenza since the winter of 2016–2017. This study aims to appraise the rate reduction of seasonal influenza vaccine among vaccinated children and their household members, and that of the vaccinated cohort and their household members. Methods This retrospective cohort study was performed in winter 2016–2017 in Tel-Aviv District, Israel and compared second-grade pupils who were vaccinated at school, with third-grade pupils- who were not vaccinated at school. Parents in nine schools were asked to report prior vaccination against influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) of their children and other household members. Rate reduction was defined as [(ILI among unvaccinated) – (ILI among vaccinated)] / (ILI among vaccinated) (%). Results Of 527 participants, 359 (68.1%) were unvaccinated and 168 (31.9%) vaccinated. Unvaccinated children reported more ILI compared with vaccinated children (19.5% vs. 7.7%), yielding a rate reduction of 60.5%. Unvaccinated children also had a greater number of physicians’ visits and missed school days (35.7% vs. 14.9 and 42.9% vs. 25.6%, respectively). The rate of ILI among household members of unvaccinated children was 34.5%, compared with 25.0% among household members of vaccinated children. The vaccinated cohort (defined as all children in second grade) reported less ILI compared with the unvaccinated cohort (defined as all children in third grade), with a rate reduction of 44.6%. Pupils of the unvaccinated cohort were more likely to miss school days (42.1% vs. 32.0%, respectively), and a higher rate of ILI was reported among household members of the unvaccinated cohort (35.4% vs. 27.3%, respectively). Conclusion Influenza vaccine administered in school setting reduced ILI among the vaccinated cohort and their household members by 60.5 and 27.5%, respectively, compared with the unvaccinated cohort. Expansion of the vaccination program in a school setting increased the public health benefit of influenza vaccines among both school children and their household members.

scholarly journals Fluency-Oriented Reading Instruction

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Stahl ◽  
Kathleen M. Heubach
Keyword(s):  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Repeated Reading ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Basal Reading ◽  
Home Reading ◽  
Instructional Level ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

This paper reports the results of a two-year project designed to reorganize basal reading instruction to stress fluent reading and automatic word recognition. The reorganized reading program had three components: a redesigned basal reading lesson that included repeated reading and partner reading, a choice reading period during the day, and a home reading program. Over two years of program implementation, students made significantly greater than expected growth in reading achievement in all 14 classes. All but two children who entered second grade reading at a primer level or higher (and half of those who did not) were reading at grade level or higher by the end of the year. Growth in fluency and accuracy appeared to be consistent over the whole year. Students' and teachers' attitudes toward the program were positive. In evaluating individual components, we found that self-selected partnerings seemed to work best and that children chose partners primarily out of friendship. Children tended to choose books that were at or slightly below their instructional level. In addition, children seemed to benefit instructionally from more difficult materials than generally assumed, with the greater amount of scaffolding provided in this program.

Factor Analytic Study of Perceptual-Motor Attributes as Measured by Two Test Batteries

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Motor Acts

This study factor analyzed the scores of 80 first and second grade level public school children on the 28 test items of the Perceptual-motor Attributes of Mentally Retarded Children and Youth battery and the Purdue Perceptual-motor Survey. 10 factors were extracted and 9 were named: Visual Tracking, Visual Discrimination and Copying of Forms, Visual Discrimination and Copying of Rhythmic Patterns, Verbal Body Image, Dynamic Balance, Spatial Body Perception, Postural Maintenance, Visual Discrimination and Copying of Motor Patterns, and Gross Agility. The study indicated that the individual test items are very specific in nature, i.e., they measure very specific perceptual-motor acts.

scholarly journals The Function of Metaphor in Children's Recall of Expository Passages

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. David Pearson ◽  
Taffy E. Raphael ◽  
Norma Tepaske ◽  
Charles Hyser
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Target Structure ◽  
Better Than

In a series of three studies, the facultative effect of metaphors on children's recall of expository passages was evaluated. In Experiment 1, with sixth grade subjects and an unfamiliar passage, metaphor target structures were recalled better than their literal paraphrases. In Experiment II, using third grade subjects and a more familiar passage, there were no differences between metaphor and literal versions of passage in terms of the recall of target structures. In Experiment III, which was designed to eliminate the passage familiarity × grade level × experiment confounding, there was a significant passage familiarity by version (metaphor or literal) interaction. Metaphors facilitated target structure recall only for unfamiliar passages. These data were interpreted as supporting the view that metaphors can serve the function of bridging new and old information in unfamiliar textual settings.

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