Development and Validation of a Child Physical and Sexual Abuse Prevention Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-955
Author(s):  
Erika L. Thompson ◽  
Ashvita Garg ◽  
Katharine Collier Esser ◽  
Deborah Caddy ◽  
Sarah Matthes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
Validity Scales ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

Objective: School-based child abuse primary prevention programs are delivered across the country; however, a validated measurement tool that is feasible to deliver to students is unavailable. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and validation of a measurement tool for knowledge and skills related to the primary prevention of child physical and sexual abuse. Methods: Two elementary schools and 404 students participated. Students completed 5 instruments: the Play it Safe!® scale, 2 scales related to abuse prevention, and 2 unrelated scales. For assessment of the convergent and divergent validity, correlations were estimated and corresponding p-values in SAS version 9.4. Results: For the Play it Safe!® scale, the mean score was 10.87 out of 14 potential points (SD = 2.73; higher scores = higher knowledge). The internal consistency of the scale was adequate with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.77. We found strong correlations for the 2 convergent validity scales, and weak correlations for the 2 divergent validity scales. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the divergent and convergent validity of a child abuse primary prevention knowledge scale that can be used in school-settings and can assist in the measurement of primary prevention knowledge.

scholarly journals The Many Faces of Child Emotional Maltreatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ami Rokach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Emotional Maltreatment ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Many ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

Emotional maltreatment is a form of child abuse that may leave no physical scars, but has deep and long-term consequences. When compared to the effects of physical and sexual abuse, its impact has been historically neglected by researchers, despite its existence in all other forms of maltreatment. Beyond its recipient, the alarming effects of emotional abuse are believed to overcome even trans-generational barriers within the household. This poses great risks to the developmental outcomes of children having undergone these circumstances and their future kin. As such, this brief review will describe the signs of emotional maltreatment, its effects, and what can be done to address it.

Abuse of mentally handicapped adults

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 608-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila B. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Mental Handicap ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

In spite of all the publicity in recent years about child abuse, very little mention has been made of another group of people who are also very vulnerable to abuse, namely adults with a mental handicap. Although chronologically adults, and therefore not susceptible to the laws designed to protect children, they may be functioning intellectually and emotionally at a much lower level. Because they are often dependent on other people for many aspects of their care, this makes them vulnerable to physical and sexual abuse and neglect. Difficulties with speech and communication may render them unable to inform anyone of their plight or ask for help, therefore many problems remain hidden. Personal involvement in one such case made me aware of this problem and the current lack of legal protection for this group of people. I therefore undertook a national survey in order to gain more information on the prevalence of abuse, factors associated with it, and possible legal solutions.

scholarly journals Association of Different Forms of Child Maltreatment With Peer Victimization in Mexican Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Martín-Babarro ◽  
M. Paz Toldos ◽  
Lorena Paredes-Becerra ◽  
Renzo Abregu-Crespo ◽  
Juan Fernández-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Moderator Effect ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

Objective: To examine the relationship between exposure to multiple forms of child abuse and neglect within the family context and peer victimization at school, accounting for the moderator effect of sex and educational level.Methods: Two thousand four hundred fifteen children and adolescents, aged 9 to 15 years, attending public schools in Mexico completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form and a modified version of the Olweus' Bully/Victim Questionnaire. We used linear regression models to assess the association of five different forms of child abuse (emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical negligence) with three forms of peer victimization (direct, indirect, and cyberbullying).Results: Direct forms of child abuse within the family (i.e., emotional, physical, and sexual abuse), but not neglect, were significantly and positively associated with a risk for peer victimization. In the fully adjusted models, emotional abuse was significantly associated with the three types of peer victimization: [indirect b = 0.48, t = 6.75, p < 0.001, direct (b = 0.47, t = 4.89, p < 0.001), and cyberbullying (b = 0.85, t = 5.45, p < 0. 001)]; while physical abuse was positive and significantly associated with direct victimization (b = 0.29, t = 3.28, p < 0.001). Boys suffering from sexual abuse within the family context showed higher levels of all subtypes of peer victimization. Students attending secondary school who suffered from sexual abuse showed higher levels of indirect victimization than did students attending primary schools.Conclusion: Child abuse within the family context seems to be associated with the risk of peer victimization. Preventive strategies to address bullying and promote resilience should take family factors into account. Interventions for high-risk families might be useful to prevent child multi-victimization.

Development and Initial Validation of a Scale Assessing Suicide-Specific Rumination: The Suicide Rumination Scale

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110338
Author(s):  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Keyne C. Law ◽  
Claire Houtsma ◽  
Raymond P. Tucker ◽  
Michael D. Anestis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Independent Measurement ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Report Measure

Suicide-specific rumination, a repetitive mental fixation on one’s suicidal thoughts and intentions, may influence the transition from suicidal thoughts to behaviors. Research on suicide-specific rumination has been hindered by the lack of an independent measurement tool. This article presents the development and validation of a self-report measure of suicide-specific rumination across several samples with lifetime suicidal ideation (Sample 1: N = 494 students; Sample 2: N = 219 community members; Sample 3: N = 128 adults at high risk for suicide). The Suicide Rumination Scale (SRS) item pool was reduced from a pool of 41 items to 8 items that are highly discriminant and of varying levels of difficulty. The SRS demonstrated measurement invariance, convergent validity, and nonredundancy with related measures. Importantly, the SRS differentiated suicide attempters from ideators, suggesting its potential clinical relevance. Overall, these findings suggest that the SRS is a valid and incrementally useful measure of suicide-specific rumination.

scholarly journals Analisis Perilaku Pencegahan Child Sexual Abuse Oleh Orang Tua Pada Anak Usia Sekolah

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Nian Afrian Nuari
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
School Age

Child abuse is part of the kind of violence that is characterized by any properties of hurting or harassing of sexual. Child sexual abuse is not only a negative impact on the micro level only (individual and family), but it also could have an impact on the process of social development in the future will come. Preventive child sexual abuse in school age children is not optimal due to several factors. The aim of research to analyze factors associated with child abuse prevention behavior of school-age children (6-8 years). The research design is correlational design with cross sectional approach. The population is all mothers in SDN Kawedusan 1 Kediri much as 73 mothers with a sample of 22 respondents taken by purposive sampling technique. The result showed mostly maternal age 20-35 years old, high school educated, have jobs as the private sector, knowledge of early sexual education categories of good and positive maternal attitude towards the prevention of child sexual abuse in school-age children. Based on the analysis of Spearmean rho test obtained child sexual abuse prevention behaviors in school-age children have a correlation with the mother's age factor (p = 0.021), maternal education (p = 0.028), mother's occupation (p = 0.036), knowledge mothers about early sexual education (p = 0.002) and attitude of mothers in the prevention of child sexual abuse behavior (p = 0.001). Based on these results it is expected that the capital increase knowledge about sexual education early in order to carry out the role in sex education so that preventive measures implemented in the environment of child sexual abuse.; Keywords: analysis, mother, behavior, child, sexual, abuse

Erratum to “Youth self-report of physical and sexual abuse: A latent class analysis” [Child Abuse & Neglect 34 (2010) 146–154]

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Kate B. Nooner ◽  
Alan J. Litrownik ◽  
Richard Thompson ◽  
Benyamin Margolis ◽  
Diana J. English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

Evaluation of a School-Based Child Physical and Sexual Abuse Prevention Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812098825
Author(s):  
Erika L. Thompson ◽  
Zhengyang Zhou ◽  
Ashvita Garg ◽  
Danielle Rohr ◽  
Brittany Ajoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Based ◽  
Physical And Sexual Abuse

Background Evidence-based child sexual and physical abuse prevention programs delivered in schools are needed and require rigorous evaluation of program effects prior to widespread dissemination. The Play it Safe! program is a one-time session delivered by trained facilitators to teach students about recognizing, resisting, and reporting abuse. Aims To evaluate a school-based child sexual and physical abuse prevention intervention Play it Safe! among elementary school students using a cluster randomized design. Method Six elementary schools in Texas were matched on demographic characteristics, and then randomized to intervention or wait-list control groups. Participants included third to fifth graders ( n = 539). Participants received the pretest assessing vignette-based knowledge of physical and sexual abuse prevention (14 items). The intervention group immediately had the program. One month later, both groups received a posttest using the same validated scale. Multilevel linear regression analyses were estimated, and interaction effects were used to evaluate the effect of Play it Safe! while controlling for other factors. Results A statistically significant interaction between the treatment group and time ( b = 1.30, p < .01) indicated a greater increase in the knowledge score over time in the intervention group. Moderating effect of grade was also observed as the intervention tended to have less effect for fifth grade compared with third grade ( b = −1.04, p = .01). Conclusion This study provides evidence to support the efficacy of the Play it Safe! program for increasing children’s physical and sexual abuse prevention knowledge and skills among a racially and ethnically diverse sample of elementary school students.

Development and Validation of the Bladder and Bowel Incontinence Phobia Severity Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenley L. J. Kuoch ◽  
Denny Meyer ◽  
David W. Austin ◽  
Simon R. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation

The current research investigates the development and validation of the Bladder and Bowel Incontinence Phobia Severity Scale (BBIPSS). Over two studies, two independent samples consisting of university students and respondents from the general public were used to validate the scale (study 1 n = 226; study 2 n = 377). A 15-item, two-factor model was confirmed in study 2 where strong construct (convergent and divergent) validity was demonstrated. The BBIPSS did not display significant correlations with openness and gender (divergent validity) and displayed significant correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress scores (DASS), alongside paruresis and parcopresis scores (Shy Bladder and Bowel Scale [SBBS]; convergent validity) and the Bowel and Bladder-Control Anxiety Scale [BoBCAtS]. The BBIPSS also demonstrated strong test–retest reliability (bladder r = 0.89; bowel r = 0.86) in a small sample of adults (n = 13). Overall, this scale provides researchers and clinicians with a reliable and psychometrically valid assessment tool to measure bladder and bowel incontinence phobia severity.

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