scholarly journals Génesis y destino de dos manuscritos de Platón: de Bizancio al Escorial a través de la Biblioteca Vaticana

Myrtia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 158-182
Author(s):  
Teresa Martínez Manzano
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of

Utilizando datos de orden textual, paleográfico, codicológico e histórico se examina en primer lugar la historia del manuscrito platónico Escur. Ψ I 1 desde su confección en Corfú a cargo de Demetrio Triboles en 1461-1462 hasta su adquisición por parte de Antonio Agustín a mediados del s. XVI. Tras analizar las fuentes textuales del códice y la dinámica de la copia, se concluye, a través del examen de los inventarios de la Biblioteca Vaticana, que el manuscrito formó parte de los fondos de esa biblioteca hasta el Saco de Roma de 1527. Se demuestra asimismo que otro códice platónico conservado en El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, procede también de la Biblioteca Vaticana, de donde desapareció igualmente con motivo del Saco antes de ser adquirido por Juan Páez de Castro. Se intenta además demostrar que tanto el Escur. Ψ I 1 como el Escur. y I 13 formaban parte de los fondos de la Vaticana ya desde 1475. Basing on textual, palaeographic, codicological and historic evidence, this paper firstly examines the history of the Platonic manuscript Escur. Ψ I 1 since its making in Corfu by Demetrios Triboles in 1461-62 till its purchase by Antonio Agustín in the middle of the 16th century. The textual sources of this codex and the copying process are also analysed. The conclusion reached through the examination of inventories in the Vatican Library is that the manuscript belonged to that library till the Sack of Rome in 1527. Secondly, this paper proves that another Platonic codex kept in El Escorial, Escur. y I 13, comes as well from the Vatican Library, from where it disappeared on the occasion of the Sack, and was later purchased by Juan Páez de Castro. Additionally, an attempt is made to prove that both Escur. Ψ I 1 and Escur. y I 13 belonged to the Vatican Library as early as 1475.

Das Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum und seine Nachwirkung

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Irene Dingel
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Intensive Investigation

Abstract Hardly any corpus doctrinae had as intensive a reception and as wide a dissemination as the Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum (1560). Situating it in the history of the concept of a corpus doctrinae and briefly sketching its origin and goal elucidate the function and significance of this collection of Melanchthon’s writings. An intensive investigation reveals however any connection of this work with the development of the Reformation in Siebenbürgen (ung. Erdély, rum. Transilvania) in the later 16th century. The records of the Siebenbürgen synods mention the Corpus Doctrinae Philippicum occasionally, revealing the extent to which it served as a norm for public teaching. Unique and characteristic for Siebenbürgen is that the Formula of Concord (1577) did not replace this Corpus Doctrinae; it remained influential long into the seventeenth century. It was however interpreted within the horizon of a Wittenberg theology that was marked by the pre-confessional harmony and doctrinal agreement between Luther and Melanchthon while seeking to ignore Philippist interpretations and focusing on the common teachings of both reformers.

History of Azerbaijani carpets with classical composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Nigar Səfxan qızı Məhərrəmova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Color Palette ◽  
Miniature Painting ◽  
History Of

The article provides information about the historical review of Azerbaijani carpets and examines its stages. The 16th century is characterized as the Golden Age of Azerbaijani history and culture. The carpet weaving of that time combined the subtlety and wonder of miniature painting, the decorative-plan solution of traditional motifs, a magnificent color palette reflecting all the colors and diversity of nature. Key words: carpet, pattern, color, Islam, miniature painting, sufism, seljuk, component

CULTURAL INTERACTION BETWEEN SAFAVID IRAN AND OTTOMAN TURKEY IN 16TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
I. A. Averianov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sufi Order ◽  
Main Support

Сoming to power of the Safavids Sufi dynasty in Iran (in the person of Shah Ismail I) in 1501 caused noticeable transformations in the political, social, cultural and religious life of the Near and Middle East. This dynasty used the semi-nomadic tribes of the Oguz Turks (‘Kyzylbash’) as its main support, which it managed to unite under the auspices of military Sufi order of Safaviyya. However, the culture of the Safavid state was dominated by a high style associated with the classical era of the Persian cultural area (‘Greater Iran’) of the 10th–15th centuries. The Iranian-Turkic synthesis that emerged in previous centuries received a new form with the adoption by the Safavids of Twelver Shiism as an official religious worldview. This put the neighboring Ottoman state in a difficult position, as it had to borrow cultural codes from ‘heretics’. Nevertheless, the Ottomans could not refuse cultural interaction with the Safavids, since they did not have any other cultural landmark in that era. This phenomenon led to a number of collisions in the biographies of certain cultural figures who had to choose between commonwealth with an ‘ideological enemy’ or rivalry, for the sake of which they often had to hide their personal convictions and lead a ‘double life’. The fates of many people, from the crown princes to ordinary nomads, were broken or acquired a tragic turn during the Ottoman-Safavid conflict of ‘spiritual paths’. However, many other poets, painters, Sufis sometimes managed to transform this external opposition into the symbolism of religious and cultural synthesis. In scholarly literature, many works explore certain aspects of the culture of the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid state separately, but there are almost no works considering the synthesis of cultures of these two largest Muslim states. Meanwhile, the author argues, that understanding the interaction and synthesis of the Ottoman and Safavid cultures in the 16th century is a key moment for the cultural history of the Islamic world. The article aims to outline the main points of this cultural synthesis, to trace their dependence on the ideology of the two states and to identify the personality traits of a ‘cultured person’ that contributed to the harmonization of the culture of two ideologically irreconcilable, but culturally complementary empires. A comparative study of this kind is supported by Ottoman sources. In the future, the author will continue this research, including the sources reflecting the perception of the Ottoman cultural heritage by the Safavids.

scholarly journals REVIVAL OF UKRAINIAN BLACKSMITHING: ART PRACTICES AND EDUCATION DURING THE 1970S–2010S

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 680-692
Author(s):  
Svitlana Rohotchenko
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialized Education ◽  
Training Practice

The article is aimed at making an outline of the revival process experienced by professional Ukrainian blacksmithing art, development of which resumed in the 1970s, after an imposed pause that had lasted for over half a century. The facts from the history of development and further evolution of blacksmithing are publicized, as well as the reasons that caused almost complete distinction of traditional blacksmithing handicraft and professional blacksmithing art as a result of suppression by the Soviet power. The objective of the research is a real-time coverage of the stages of revival of blacksmithing craft, art, and education. Extermination of the traditional blacksmithing education that existed in Ukraine since the 16th century and up till 1917 took its toll. Young blacksmiths were trained in the forges where they worked as assistants. The first departments of artistic blacksmithing were established in the colleges, technical schools, institutes, and academies only in the late 1980s. Lack of specialized education was a drawback for Ukrainian blacksmithing comparing to the European states where there was no gap in training practice. In the article, the most well-known modern Ukrainian blacksmithing educational institutions are analyzed on the basis of historical method, chronological and cultural approaches. 

scholarly journals Magyar nyelvemlékszövegek egy 16. század eleji pálos misekönyvben

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Judit Lauf
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
Publication History ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hungarian Language

One of the few copies of a Pauline missal printed in 1514 (National Széchényi Library, shelfmark: RMK III, 196/2) has preserved mixed Hungarian and Latin inscriptions entered above the pericopes (approx. 400 Hungarian words). The paper discusses the publication history and the binding of the missal, as well as the corrections made on the Latin text. However, first of all, it presents the newly discovered Hungarian-language texts. This finding is an important source for the history of the Hungarian language on due to the great number of words and phrases and to the age of the notes, which can be dated to the first half of the 16th century. Its importance is enhanced by the fact that it furnishes new data on the process of translating the Bible into Hungarian. This is only the first stage of the research, but we can already state that the writer of the glosses probably followed that branch of the textual tradition (presumably shaped in orality) which was recorded in the Döbrentei Codex. The two translation are closely related. Our hypothesis is that they follow the Pauline tradition. According to the owner’s note, the book belonged to a cleric named Albert, who entered his name into it backwards (mutrebla). It is probably that this denomination hid Albert of Csanád, the famous Pauline preacher. As the interlinear glosses may have served as an aid to preaching, it can be inferred that it was he who glossed the biblical passages to help him with his sermons. This hypothesis has to be confirmed or contradicted by future analyses of the texts’ forma and content.

scholarly journals The School Culture Heritage of the Reformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
László Trencsényi
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Church Reform ◽  
College Culture ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Culture Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Education ◽  
The Church

Abstract On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the Reformation, this essay analyses those educational innovations in the history of central European education that were introduced by the Church reform in the 16th century, following these modernizations and their further developments through the spreading of the universal school systems in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Drawing examples from the innovations in the college culture of the period, the author emphasises that those pedagogical values established in the 16th century are not only valid today, but are exemplary from the point of view of contemporary education. From these the author highlights: pupils’ autonomy (in the form of various communities), cooperation with the teachers and school management and the relative pluralism of values.

scholarly journals Co się stało z konfessyjonistą? Dzieje leksemu w polszczyźnie

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Paulina Michalska-Górecka
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of

The history of the lexeme konfessyjonista shows that the word is a neologism that functioned in the literature of the sixteenth century in connection with religious documents/books, such as the Protestant confessions. Formally and semantically, it refers to Confessio Augustana, also to her Polish translations, and to the Konfesja sandomierska, as well as konfessyja as a kind of genre. In the Reformation and Counter-Reformation period, the word konfessyja was needed by the Protestants; the word konfessyjonista was derived from him by the Catholics for their needs. The lexeme had an offensive tone and referred to a confessional supporter as a supporter of the Reformation. Perhaps the oldest of his certifications comes from an anonymous text from 1561, the year in which two Polish translations of Augustana were announced. The demand for a konfessyjonista noun probably did not go beyond the 16th century, its notations come only from the 60s, 70s and 80s of this century.

scholarly journals Eucologio Kyiviano della Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 15 del fondo Borgio-Illirico rimane uno dei più importanti codici slavi che rappresenta la vita liturgica della Chiesa della Rus’ di Kyiv (XV-XVI sec.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-278
Author(s):  
Petro Sabat
Keyword(s):  
16Th Century ◽  
Library Collection ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

The article examines the history of the manuscript of the Kiev Euchologion (15th-16th century) located in the Vatican Apostolic Library (collection Borgio-Illirico No. 15). The places are given where this manuscript has survived, and how it has been used over the centuries. A historiographic analysis of previous studies was made and the descriptions of the manuscript that were made in earlier scientific studies were presented. In addition, paleographic and codicological aspects of this manuscript were given, and its uniqueness as well as its importance as one of the important sources for the history, language and culture of the Ukrainian nation were indicated and confirmed.

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