scholarly journals ¿Qué es un recurso turístico? Un análisis Delphi a la Academia Hispana

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-68
Author(s):  
Ruben Arnandis-i-Agramunt
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Tourism Resource ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Tras más de cincuenta años estudiando el desplazamiento de las personas con fines de ocio, argumentando por ello el desarrollo de equipamientos, infraestructuras e instalaciones, implementando políticas y planificaciones turísticas, evaluando programas y actuaciones, todavía la materia prima de la actividad turística, la que justifica la existencia de todos los elementos anteriores, sigue sin tener un espacio consensuado entre la academia. Esta investigación, tras una amplia revisión bibliográfica que evidencia esta situación descrita, implementa un Delphi entre veinticinco personas de la academia hispana cuyas investigaciones están directamente asociadas al tema de estudio. El objeto no era otro que encontrar los puntos de confluencia en torno al concepto de recurso y su relación con el turismo para, posteriormente, articular una propuesta que identifique los elementos básicos de todo recurso turístico. Los resultados obtenidos, tras dos rondas y un cuestionario de treinta y cuatro afirmaciones encontradas en la literatura valoradas con una escala Likert de 1 a 5, muestran un alto grado de acuerdo (hacia el consenso o el disenso), en la mayoría de aspectos evaluados en las tres dimensiones. Estos hallazgos aportan luz a algunos temas de debate. Sin embargo, también se manifiestan ciertas discrepancias, sobre todo alrededor de la tercera dimensión (la relación recurso–adaptación al uso turístico). Es, pues, una primera aproximación a la conceptualización de recurso turístico. After more than fifty years of looking into people's movement due to leisure purposes, and therefore arguing the development of equipment, infrastructures, and facilities, implementing policies and tourism planning, evaluating programs and actions, the raw material of tourism, which justifies the existence of the previous elements, has not still reached an agreement among researchers. This investigation, which demonstrates the previous evidence after a wide bibliographical review, set up a Delphi among twenty-five Hispanic researchers whose works are directly related to this matter. The aim was to seek areas of common ground, regarding the concept of resource and its relationship to tourism, in order to articulate a proposal to identify the key elements of a tourism resource. Results (after two rounds, a questionnaire with thirty-four statements found in literature, and a Likert 1–5 scale) have revealed a high level of agreement (towards consensus or dissent), in most assessed aspects of the three dimensions. These findings shed light on some points of discussion. Nevertheless, discrepancies about the third dimension (resource and adaptation to tourism purpose) have been observed. This is thus a first approximation of what tourism resource should be considered.

scholarly journals iPad’s contributed to enhance inclusion of students with visual impairment in public schools

2022 ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
شاهر يوسف ياغي
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
High Level

This study aimed to identify the extent iPad’s contributed to enhance inclusion of students with visual impairment (partially) in public schools. The study used the descriptive and analytical approach. The population consisted of (160) students who received iPad device within the “vision project” implemented at UNRWA schools in Gaza strip. The study used a questionnaire prepared and adapted by the researcher, to measure degree of iPad’s contribution to inclusion in general and at three dimensions: academic, psychological, and behavioral. Results showed the level of iPad’s contribution to enhance inclusion among students with visual impairment was high, with an average of 2.70 and a relative weight 90%. Concerning the three dimensions, results showed the academic attained as average of 2.77 with relative weight 88.6%, however in the second dimension (psychological) the mean was 2.98 with relative weight 99.3%, lastly for the third dimension (behavioral), the mean was 2.67 with relative weight 89.0%. This indicated high level of iPad’s contribution to enhance inclusion of students with visual impairment at public schools specifically at UNRWA schools. The study recommended use iPads for best inclusive practices.

El guardián de la Constitución en la obra de E. Sieyès: un precedente de la Justicia Constitucional en Europa

2014 ◽  
pp. 2845-2872
Author(s):  
Javier TAJADURA TEJADA
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
The Body ◽  
Constituent Power ◽  
Special Procedure ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
Constitutional Justice ◽  
Political Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

LABURPENA: Lan honetan, Konstituzioa defendatzeko organo bat osatzearen beharrari buruz Sieyès apaizak egindako hausnarketak azaldu dira. Sieyès botere eratzailearen eta botere eratuen arteko bereizketaren —hortaz, konstituzionalismo garaikidearen— sortzaile intelektuala izan zen. Konstituzioa aldatzeko prozedura berezia ezartzeko beharra defendatzeaz gain —alderdi hori nabarmendu zuten beste idazle batzuek—, Konstituzioa defendatzeko organoa ere diseinatu zuen. Frantziako Iraultzan, Frejúsko apaizak soilik eman zuen horren berri. Konstituzioa defendatzeko organoa bere eredu politikoaren giltzarria da, baita botere eratzailea kontzeptuaren ondorio logikoa ere, botere horrek sortutako estatu konstituzionalaren oinarria delako. Behar hori Thermidorren 2an esandako hitzaldi garrantzitsu batean azaldu zuen lehen aldiz. Handik bi astera, III. urteko Thermidorren 18an, ideia bera garatu zuen Konbentzio Nazionalean eman zuen beste hitzaldi batean. Sieyèsek Konstituzioa nahitaez bete beharreko arau juridiko loteslea izateko «Konstituzioaren zaindari» bat sortu behar zela planteatu zuen. Sieyès izan zen magistratura horren oinarrizko diseinua egiten lehena, zehaztasun tekniko eta xehetasun maila handiekin, bai osaerari bai funtzioei zegokienez. Eta egun Europako Zuzenbide Konstituzionalaren ondare diren ideia asko aurreratu zituen. Nabarmentzekoa da Justizia Konstituzionala sortu zuela, hainbat helbururekin: gutxiengoak babesteko instituzioa, politika integratzeko organoa, konstituzioarekin lotutako gatazkak ebazteko instantzia gorena eta askatasun jurisdikzioa izatea. RESUMEN: En este trabajo se exponen las reflexiones del abate Sieyès sobre la necesidad de configurar un órgano de defensa de la Constitución. Sieyès —creador intelectual de la distinción entre Poder Constituyente y poderes constituidos, y uno de los fundadores, por tanto, del constitucionalismo contemporáneo— no sólo defendió siempre la necesidad de establecer un procedimiento especial de reforma de la Constitución —aspecto este que fue destacado por otros autores— sino que llevó a cabo también el diseño de un órgano de defensa de la Constitución. En el contexto revolucionario francés, el abate de Frejús fue el único en advertirlo. El órgano de defensa de la Constitución se configura como la clave de bóveda de su modelo político y el corolario lógico del concepto de Poder Constituyente, como fundamento del Estado Constitucional, por él alumbrado. Esta necesidad la advirtió por vez primera en un importante discurso pronunciado el 2 de Termidor. Dos semanas después desarrolló su idea en otro discurso proferido en la Convención Nacional, concretamente el 18 de Thermidor del año III. En él, Sieyès se plantea la necesidad de crear un «guardián de la Constitución» para que esta pueda configurarse como una norma jurídica vinculante, y de obligatorio cumplimiento. Sieyès fue el primero en establecer con gran rigor técnico, y con un muy elevado nivel de detalle, el diseño básico de esa magistratura, tanto en lo que se refiere a su composición como a sus funciones. Y lo hizo anticipándose a muchas ideas que son hoy patrimonio común del Derecho Constitucional europeo. Entre ellas cabe destacar la configuración de la Justicia Constitucional como una institución protectora de las minorías, como un órgano de integración política, como la suprema instancia jurídico-política para la resolución de los conflictos constitucionales, y como una jurisdicción de la libertad. ABSTRACT: This work sets forth the critical thoughts of the Abate Sièyes regarding the need to set up a body for the protection of the Constitution. Sièyes —the intelectual author of the distinction between constituent power and constituted power, and one of the fathers of the contemporary constitutionalism—, did not only stand up for the need to establish a special procedure for the reform of the Constitution —a facet which was emphasyzed by another authors— but also he carried out the design of a body for the defense of the Constitution. In the framework of the revolutionary french context, the Abate from Frejús was the only one to notice it. The body for the defense of the Constitution was envisaged as the cornerstone of his political model and the logic corollary of the notion of constituent power, as the basis for the Constitutional state figured out by him. This necessity was notized for the first time in an important speech pronounced the 2 of Thermidor. Two weeks later, he developed his idea in another speech issued before the National Convention, specifically the 18 of Thermidor of the third year. Sièyes sets the need to establish a «guardian for the Constitution» in order to become a binding legal rule of compulsory observance. Sièyes is the firt one to establish with great technical rigour and with a high level of details, the basic design of that court both regarding its membership and its tasks. And he did it so foreseeing many ideas which are nowadays common ground for the European Constitutional law. Among them it can be emphasyzed the configuration of constitutional justice as a protective institution for minorities, as a body of political integration, as the supreme instance for the resolution of constitutional conflicts and as a jurisdicition for freedom.

Anthocyanins: Chemical Properties and Health Benefits: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj Salman Mohammad ◽  
Renata Oliveira Santos ◽  
Maria Ivone Barbosa ◽  
José Lucena Barbosa Junior
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Food Processes ◽  
Shed Light

: Anthocyanins are widely spread in different kinds of food, especially fruits and floral tissues, there is an extensive range of anthocyanin compounds reach more than 600 exist in nature. Anthocyanins can be used as antioxidants and raw material for several applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, a plenty of studies about anthocyanins sources and extraction methods were reported. Furthermore, many studies about their stability, bioactive and therapeutic properties have been done. According to the body of work, we firstly worked to shed light on anthocyanin properties including chemical, antioxidant and extraction properties. Secondly, we reported the applications and health benefits of anthocyanin including the applications in food processes and anthocyanin characteristics as therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. We reviewed anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-fatness, oxidative Stress and lipid decreasing and vasoprotective effects of anthocyanins. In conclusion, because the importance of phytochemicals and bioactive compounds the research is still continuing to find new anthocyanins from natural sources and invest them as raw materials in the pharmaceutical and nutrition applications.

Onchocerciasis in Osse, Ondo State, Nigeria: Effectiveness of Motivational Strategies in Sustaining Compliance with Community Ivermectin Therapy

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
O. U. Manafa ◽  
T. S. Awolola ◽  
A. N. Isamah
Keyword(s):  
Community Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Participant Satisfaction ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

A study in human Onchocerciasis was undertaken in four endemic communities in Ondo State, Nigeria. In-depth interviews were conducted on peoples' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Onchocerciasis aetiology, treatment, prevention, and symptoms. These were complemented by key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Based on this information, an educational program was set up which included the training of selected villagers (motivators) and community intervention organized by these motivators. Evaluation used a control group where intervention was focused on other health problems in the area. Onchocerciasis education took place only with the intervention group. At the start of the project, peoples' knowledge about Onchocerciasis, its cause, treatment, prevention, and symptoms were varied and only a small proportion could link the bite of the blackfly to Onchocerciasis. The educational intervention achieved a high level of participant satisfaction which was expressed in continuous attendance at workshops and keeping appointments with motivators. The intervention helped to bring a significant improvement in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the respondents. The knowledge of Onchocerciasis aetiology increased to 79.8 percent, 71.5 percent, and 74 percent from 48.5 percent, 48.7 percent, 34 percent, and 45 percent pre-intervention in the four study areas used. The project demonstrated that a community-based health education can be effective in Onchocerciasis control.

scholarly journals Developing a BIM-Based MUVR Treadmill System for Architectural Design Review and Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6881
Author(s):  
Calvin Chung Wai Keung ◽  
Jung In Kim ◽  
Qiao Min Ong
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Review ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with team members. Traditionally, VR has used a desktop PC or workstation setup inside a room, yielding the risk of two users bump into each other while using multiuser VR (MUVR) applications. MUVR offers shared experiences that disrupt the conventional single-user VR setup, where multiple users can communicate and interact in the same virtual space, providing more realistic scenarios for architects in the design stage. However, this shared virtual environment introduces challenges regarding limited human locomotion and interactions, due to physical constraints of normal room spaces. This study thus presented a system framework that integrates MUVR applications into omnidirectional treadmills. The treadmills allow users an immersive walking experience in the simulated environment, without space constraints or hurt potentialities. A prototype was set up and tested in several scenarios by practitioners and students. The validated MUVR treadmill system aims to promote high-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration.

scholarly journals Burnout Determinants among Nurses Working in Palliative Care during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3358
Author(s):  
José Vítor Gonçalves ◽  
Luísa Castro ◽  
Guilhermina Rêgo ◽  
Rui Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Network ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Level

Nurses working in palliative care are at risk of burnout. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine burnout levels of nurses working in the Portuguese national network of palliative care. We evaluated the contribution of personal, work, and COVID-19 variables in three burnout subclasses: personal, work, and patient-related. A cross-sectional, exploratory, and quantitative design was employed and participants were sampled using convenience and snowball technique. An online survey was conducted and 153 nurses participated in our study. Socio-demographic characterization was conducted, levels of burnout and determinants were explored through multiple linear regression models for its three dimensions. High levels of personal, working, and patient burnout were present in 71 (46%), 68 (44%), and 33 nurses (22%), respectively. Most of them agreed that COVID-19 had an impact on their activities. Significant personal and work related burnout factors found were specialization in palliative care, self-perceived health status, unit type, weekly hours of work, and allocation to COVID-19 units. Gender was found to be a significant factor in patient-related burnout. There is a high level of burnout among nurses working in the Portuguese national network of palliative care. Measures for identification and mitigation of burnout are necessary to protect health care professionals.

scholarly journals Agreement between different recall periods in drug utilization studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassia Garcia Moraes ◽  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Recall Period ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
High Level ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
First Interview ◽  
Level Of Agreement

ABSTRACT: Objective: To assess the agreement between three recall periods for self-reported drug use using a 24-hour recall period as reference. Methods: Participants were allocated into three groups with different recall periods of 7, 14 and 30 days and were interviewed at two different times. A 24-hour recall questionnaire was answered during the first interview, and a questionnaire on drug use over the different recall periods tested was answered during the second interview. The agreement between the questionnaires was evaluated using percent agreement and kappa. Results: For continuous drugs, percent agreement varied between 92 and 99% and kappa varied between 0.71 and 0.97 for three periods tested. For drugs of occasional use, percent agreement varied between 63 and 81% and kappa varied between 0.27 and 0.52. The prevalence of drugs, particularly those of occasional use, increases with time. Conclusions: The high level of agreement between the three recall periods suggests that all of them are valid for the investigation of drugs of continuous use.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer Screening by Low-Dose Computed Tomography: Part 2 – Key Elements for Programmatic Implementation of Lung Cancer Screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Delorme ◽  
Rudolf Kaaks
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Epidemiologic Surveillance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level

Purpose For screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) to be effective, the benefits must outweigh the potential risks. In large lung cancer screening studies, a mortality reduction of approx. 20 % has been reported, which requires several organizational elements to be achieved in practice. Materials and Methods The elements to be set up are an effective invitation strategy, uniform and quality-assured assessment criteria, and computer-assisted evaluation tools resulting in a nodule management algorithm to assign each nodule the needed workup intensity. For patients with confirmed lung cancer, immediate counseling and guideline-compliant treatment in tightly integrated regional expert centers with expert skills are required. First, pulmonology contacts as well as CT facilities should be available in the participant’s neighborhood. IT infrastructure, linkage to clinical cancer registries, quality management as well as epidemiologic surveillance are also required. Results An effective organization of screening will result in an articulated structure of both widely distributed pulmonology offices as the participants’ primary contacts and CT facilities as well as central expert facilities for supervision of screening activities, individual clarification of suspicious findings, and treatment of proven cancer. Conclusion In order to ensure that the benefits of screening more than outweigh the potential harms and that it will be accepted by the public, a tightly organized structure is needed to ensure wide availability of pulmonologists as first contacts and CT facilities with expert skills and high-level equipment concentrated in central facilities. Key Points:  Citation Format

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ROTATIONALLY MOLDED PET MICROFIBRIL REINFORCED COMPOSITES

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 4613-4618 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. T. LIN ◽  
D. BHATTACHARYYA ◽  
S. FAKIROV
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Rotational Molding ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Set Up

Being a fast growing plastic manufacturing industry, rotational molding has been using the linear polyethylenes extensively as the raw material. As these materials have shown insufficient mechanical properties for certain applications where strength and stiffness of the products are the main concerns, worldwide rotational molders have expressed a need for stronger and stiffer materials to be available for rotomolding. A possible attractive solution may be the recently developed microfibril reinforced composites (MFCs). Blends of linear medium density polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate (LMDPE/PET) with an MFC structure are manufactured on a commercial-scale set-up and thereafter used in rotational molding. The samples are characterized morphologically and tested mechanically. The results obtained show that the MFC-concept has good application opportunities in the polymer processing including rotational molding.

Experimental Study of a Full Forward Extrusion Process from Metal Strip

2012 ◽  
Vol 504-506 ◽  
pp. 587-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Merklein ◽  
Tommaso Stellin ◽  
Ulf Engel
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Metal Strip ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Forward Extrusion ◽  
Bulk Forming ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tooling System

A high rate of production of complex microparts is increasingly required by fields like electronics and micromechanics. Handling is one of the main problems, limiting those forming processes of small metal components consisting of multiple forming stages. A forming chain in which a metal strip acts both as raw material and support of the workpiece through the different stages of the process, is seen as a solution that radically simplifies the positioning of microparts. Each workpiece stays connected to the strip through all the forming steps, being separated just at the end of the process chain. In this work, a tooling system for the bulk forming from copper strips has been set up and employed in a full forward extrusion process of a micro-billet. The same die, with a diameter of 1 mm, has been used with three different strip thicknesses (1, 2 and 3 mm) and three different material conditions. The use of thinner and hard-as-rolled strips has resulted in achieving a higher ratio of the billet length to strip thickness.

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