JEREZ-LANTEIRA MINING COMPANY, GRANADA. ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE HYDRAULIC PLANT FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF COPPER ORE IN THE 19TH CENTURY

10.6036/9942 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-477
Author(s):  
JUAN CARLOS GUERRERO RUIZ ◽  
JOSE MARIA MARTIN CIVANTOS

In this article we will get to know an old hydraulic plant of a mining industry, very unique, which transformed hydraulic energy into pneumatics to supply compressed air to a copper mine and its smelter. It was located in the Granada region of the Marquesado del Zenete, and built in 1889 by the colonial European mining industry. To do this, we delve into its historical origin, and analyze this original technological project that allowed a new energy transformation system. Directed and executed by a series of engineers, metallurgists, businessmen and peasants, who through their work and will were participants in the industrialization process in Spain with the development of machinery and socialized work that will change a way of life. These remains today make up an industrial heritage at risk of disappearing. Living memory of what our mining industry was with the development of engineering and its social, identity and cultural values. KEYWORDS: Water, Air, Industrial Colony, Compression, Foundry

Kulturstudier ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Tapdrup Mortensen

<p>I disse år tales meget om velfærdssamfundets eller efterkrigstidens kulturarv. Hvordan skal vi forholde os til de mange bygninger i nye materialer, der samtidigt er udtryk for nye måder at indrette samfundet på? Denne artikel bygger på en undersøgelse af FDB’s centrallagre, der i mere end 50 år har været produktions- og lagringssted for detailhandlens vareflow.</p><p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Since the first member-owned co-operative shops emerged in Denmark in the second half of the 19th century, and organised themselves as the FDB in 1896, the latter’s prime objective has been to provide its members with a wide range of products at the most favourable prices. This has required continuous innovation and change, not least in the second half of the 20th century, as competition in the retailing market intensified. In the mid-1950s, the management of FDB implemented a comprehensive rationalisation of production, transport, storage, distribution and sales, as well as the overall structure connecting these aspects of its enterprise. Drawing on inspiration from the USA, within a decade this process radically transformed both the FDB itself and Danish retail trade in its entirety.</em></p><p><em>In a broader perspective, this rationalisation process and its consequences  is a part of the history of the Danish welfare society, since it concerns the emergence of the modern consumer, as well as technical, economic and administrative innovation of the retail trade. The local co-operative shop with the manager behind the desk and the goods sold loose was replaced by modern self-service shops with standardised equipment, and numerous multi-storey warehouses distributed in the old city centres were in the early 1960s substituted by seven, strategically located central warehouses serviced by fork-lift trucks. The one located in Albertslund functioned from 1964 onwards as the organization’s headquarters.. In 2007 Kulturarvsstyrelsen (The Heritage Agency of Denmark) proclaimed this warehouse in Alberslund, today the headquarters of the Coop, to be one of 25 national sites of industrial heritage.</em></p>


2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Kemmers ◽  
Nanouschka Myrberg

AbstractThis paper sets out to re-member coins into archaeological discourse. It is argued that coins, as part of material culture, need to be examined within the theoretical framework of historical archaeology and material-culture studies. Through several case studies we demonstrate how coins, through their integration of text, image and existence as material objects, offer profound insights not only into matters of economy and the ‘big history’ of issuers and state organization but also into ‘small histories’, cultural values and the agency of humans and objects. In the formative period of archaeology in the 19th century the study of coins played an important role in the development of new methods and concepts. Today, numismatics is viewed as a field apart. The mutual benefits of our approach to the fields of archaeology and numismatics highlight the need for a new and constructive dialogue between the disciplines.


2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norizawati Mohd Ayob ◽  
Norhasimah Ismail ◽  
Tarmiji Masron

Land use changes are a key driver in global environmental changes and had a significant impact on the climate at all scales. Various human activities that took place thousands of years ago have an impact on the earth's surface. Today, with the limited supply and high demand, land use crisis became a big issue for the most countries. Changes in land use are not actually only providing a history of the area, but it also describes the way of life of its local communities. In the interdisciplinary research for land use study, cultural values, knowledge and perceptions of knowledge has been recognized as a major factor in determining the adopted approach applied in land use management in that area. Therefore, this paper tries to evaluate the role and potential of the integration of TLEK and GIS in mapping the series of changes in land use.Keyword: Local knowledge, TLEK, land use mapping & conceptual framework


2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Vuorinen ◽  
P.S. Juuti ◽  
T.S. Katko

This paper examines the influence of water on public health throughout history. Farming, settling down and building of villages and towns meant the start of the problems mankind suffers from this very day – how to get drinkable water for humans and cattle and how to manage the waste we produce. The availability of water in large quantities has been considered an essential part of a civilized way of life in different periods: Roman baths needed a lot of water as does the current Western way of life with water closets and showers. The importance of good quality drinking water was realized already in antiquity, yet the importance of proper sanitation was not understood until the 19th century.


Author(s):  
Н.А. Панкратьева

Ювелирные украшения народов Амура — это важный элемент традиционной культуры, сформировавшийся под влиянием эстетических идеалов и являющийся отражением общности тунгусо-маньчжурского мира. Несмотря на обширность территорий и появление в XIX веке новых политических границ, семантика ювелирных украшений традиционного костюма была понятна и аборигенному населению Уссурийского края, и урбанизированному слою маньчжуров, освоивших города цинского Китая. Исследование базируется на предметах из фондовых коллекций Музея истории Дальнего Востока имени В.К. Арсеньева, часть которых ранее не представлялась широкому зрителю. Сегодня именно музейные собрания, сформированные в XIX – первой половине XX века, стали базой для изучения технологии и семантики ювелирных украшений народов Дальнего Востока. При производстве ювелирных изделий, бытовавших среди коренных малочисленных народов Дальнего Востока, использовались самые разнообразные технологии, и от их сложности зависело место производства. Это были или профессиональные ювелирные мануфактуры маньчжурского Китая, или нанайские и удэгейские мастера, работавшие в стойбищах. И в данном контексте можно говорить о широких торговых связях, существовавших благодаря обороту ювелирных изделий. Долговечность материалов, использовавшихся при создании произведений ювелирного искусства, стала важным фактором преемственности культурных парадигм при смене поколений. Комплекс украшений, сложившийся на Дальнем Востоке в Средние века, просуществовал несколько столетий, пережил череду государственных образований и сохранился до XX века, пока цивилизационный слом не вытеснил традиционный уклад жизни охотников и рыболовов вместе с костюмом из повседневного использования. Jewelry of the Amur peoples is an important element of traditional culture, formed under the influence of aesthetic ideals and reflecting the commonality of the Tungus-Manchurian world. Despite the vastness of the territories and the appearance of new political borders in the 19th century, the semantics of jewelry of traditional costume was understandable both to the aboriginal population of the Ussuri Region and to the urbanized stratum of the Manchus who mastered the cities of Qing China. The research is based on items from the stock collections of the Arsenyev Museum of the History of the Far East, some of which were not previously presented to the wide public. Today, it is the museum collections formed in the 19th – first half of the 20th centuries that have become the basis for studying the technology and semantics of jewelry of the peoples of the Far East. In the production of jewelry that existed among the indigenous peoples of the Far East, a wide variety of technologies were used, and the place of production depended on their complexity. Either they were professional jewelry manufactories of Manchurian China, or Nanai and Udege craftsmen who worked in the camps. And in this context, we can talk about broad trade relations that existed due to the turnover of jewelry. The durability of the materials used in the creation of works of jewelry art has become an important factor in the continuity of cultural paradigms with the change of generations. The jewelry complex that developed in the Far East in the Middle Ages lasted for several centuries, survived a series of state formations and survived until the 20th century, until the civilizational scrapping replaced the traditional way of life of hunters and fishermen, along with the costume, from everyday use.


2021 ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDR B. ORISHEV ◽  

Thomas Bauer’s monograph “The Culture of Ambiguity and Pluralism: Towards a Different Image of Islam” (Berlin: Directmedia Publishing, 2020. 400 p.) is an absolutely new interpretation of Islam as a world religion, based on the concept of “ambiguity”, which assumes a universal ability to ambiguously interpret certain phenomena of everyday life and public life. The monograph attempts to destroy one of the most persistent stereotypes about Islam as a religion that regulates human life in detail. The author proves that for a longer period of its history, Islam was much more tolerant to the spiritual practices of believers, to their way of life. The author cites numerous information from religious texts of the 8-19th centuries, which clearly show the high tolerance of Islamic culture to polysemy. The author justifies the validity of various ways of reading the Qur’an, describing this diversity as mercy and grace. The rejection of this tolerance in Islam, according to the author, occurred in the middle of the 19th century, largely under the influence of the West, which aggressively imposed its radical ideas about the truth...


Inner Asia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Yang

AbstractThis paper examines the ways in which ‘history’ is recorded, written or narrated, thereby exploring the interface between history and anthropology. The discussion focuses on the Hui Muslim Rebellion in the Qing period, which broke out at the end of the 19th century, spreading over a vast area in the northwest of the empire and Central Asia. State-sponsored publications of history such as Tong shi (General History) or others describe the Hui Rebellion as a ‘revolt by an ethnic minority against the Qing dynasty’. They do not describe the pillage, atrocities and massacres perpetrated by the insurgent Hui troops. However, regional history books compiled in various localities describe the serious destruction caused by the Hui rebel army. The paper also explores the diverse representations of the rebellion by Mongol and Hui historians. While recognising the courage of the Hui insurgents whom the Mongolian army fought, the privately written Mongolian chronicles describe the rise and fall of the Rebellion in a relatively neutral and objective manner. Hui historical sources provide an entirely different perspective, revealing the religious motivation of the rebellion, and providing the basis for the sort of ethnohistorical project that Zhang calls a ‘history of people's way of life’. Given these widely differing perspectives in the historical records, the paper urges the exploration of the commonality between the anthropological approach to history and Zhang's ‘history of a way of life’ approach so as to better elucidate historical incidents that have had a major impact on history.


2021 ◽  
pp. 140-155
Author(s):  
Lyudmila N. Sarbash ◽  

The Volga Travelogue is a large layer of travel essays in the 19th-century Russian literature. This layer has not become a subject of special research in literature studies. The “journey along the Volga” is distinguished by the wide diversity of issues and themes it discusses: the economic and industrial activities of the region, its cultural and historical sights, the uniqueness of the Volga region in an ethnographic perspective – of the multifaceted “Volga region resident”. One of the structural components of the travelogue is the Volga mythology and folklore: historical-geographical and cultural-ethnic information is supplemented with legends of the ancient Volga, Russian and non- Russian (Tatar, Mordovian, German, Kalmyk) legends. Describing the “non-Russian Volga”, writers refer to the national aspects of the life of different nationalities, the most important archetypes of their consciousness. A characteristic feature of N.P. Bogolyubov’s travelogue The Volga from Tver to Astrakhan is the non-Russian word as a marker of cultural identity: it is invariably present in the description of national customs. Telling about the “Mordovian places” of the Volga region, Bogolyubov describes specific rituals associated with the birth of a baby and with burials. The Muslim as a different national and cultural tradition of the Volga region particularly attracts writers’ attention. M.I. Nevzorov, in his Journey to Kazan, Vyatka and Orenburg in 1800, tells about the spiritual and religious experience of the Tatar people: writes about the ontological constants, acquaints the reader with epigraphic culture representing Muslims’ existential ideas about people and the universe. S. Monastyrsky, in his Illustrated companion along the Volga, presents Tatar legends about the winged snake Jilantau, about the “Black Chamber” and the khan’s daughter. These legends express the religious and poetic ideas of the people. Telling about the local cultural and mythological tradition is a characteristic feature of the Russian travelogue: an autochthon is represented by its ethnocultural identity. Folklore material functions in structural parallels – multilingual sources: V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, in his travelogue The Great River: Pictures from the Life and Nature on the Volga, gives two – Russian and Mordovian – versions of the legend about “Polonyanka”, and notes the particular poetry of the non-Russian text. In the combination of various – Tatar, Russian, Kalmyk – cultural and national constants of the lower Volga. German characterology is particularly expressed. A German legend associated with biblical material about the history of the prophet Elijah’s wandering through the desert to Sarepta of Sidon is fixed in the travelogues of Ya.P. Kuchin, S. Monastyrsky, and A.P. Valueva. The legend conveys the historical “memory of the place” – the foundation of the Sarepta colony. In the travelogues of V. Sidorov, N. Bogolyubov, descriptions of Buddhist Kalmyks, with their way of life, khuruls and gelyungs, are supplemented with Kalmyk legends about the Bogdo-Ola mountain. Folklore and mythology as categories of a non-native cultural text complicate the artistic system of the travelogue and contribute to the poetic comprehension of the poly-ethnic and poly-confessional Volga region.


Author(s):  
Margarita Y. Dvorkina

The article is devoted to the memory of Lyudmila Mikhailovna Koval (October 17, 1933 – February 15, 2020), historian, Head of the History sector of the Russian State Library (RSL) and the Museum of Library history. The author presents brief biographical information about L.M. Koval, the author of more than 350 scientific and popular scientific works in Russian and in 9 foreign languages. She published 29 books in Publishing houses “Nauka”, “Kniga”, “Letniy Sad”, ”Pashkov Dom”, most of the works are dedicated to the Library. Special place in the work of L.M. Koval is given to the Great Patriotic War theme. The article considers the works devoted to the activities of Library staff during the War period. L.M. Koval paid much attention to the study of activities of the Library’s Directors. She prepared books and articles about the Directors of the Moscow Public and Rumyantsev Museums and Library from the end of the 19th century and almost to the end of the 20th century: N.V. Isakov, D.S. Levshin, V.A. Dashkov, M.A. Venevitinov, I.V. Tsvetaev, V.D. Golitsyn, A.K. Vinogradov, V.I. Nevsky, N.M. Sikorsky. The author notes contribution of L.M. Koval to the study of the Library’s history. Specialists in the history of librarianship widely use bibliography of L.M. Koval in their research. The list of sources contains the main works of L.M. Koval, and the Appendix includes reviews of publications by L.M. Koval and the works about her.


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