scholarly journals HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND ALKANTHIOLS IN NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF HYDROXY GROUPS IN ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Aleksandra V. Okhlobystina ◽  
Andrey O. Okhlobystin ◽  
Nadezhda T. Berberova ◽  
Daria A. Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Electron Reduction ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide and alkanethiols are toxic compounds containing in the production of wells in many oil and gas condensate fields. Because the policy of hydrocarbon processing enterprises aimed at the development of new fundamental research, processes and technologies in order to find rational use of raw materials, the conversion of hydrogen sulfide and alkanethiols into valuable compounds is one of the strategic goals of the oil and gas industry. The methods of "green" chemistry are perspective processes for converting hydrogen sulfide and alkantiols into valuable organic compounds, which allow working in environmentally friendly conditions with minimal energy and resource costs. The reactions of direct nucleophilic substitution of butanol-2, pentanol-1 and hexanol-1 to HS- and RS- group by single-electron reduction of hydrogen sulfide and alkanthiol in acetonitrile and ionic liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure with a single by-product - H2O were described. The possibility of conducting an experiment without electrolyte due to the intrinsic electrical conductivity of the ionic liquid allows not only lowering the consumption of reagents, but also facilitating the isolation of the target product. Due to the structuring and the matrix effect in ionic liquids, the duration of electrolysis in the reactions under consideration is 2-3 times less than in the case of aprotic solvents.

scholarly journals THE OXIDATION PROCESS OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE WITH OXYGEN OF AIR, WITH PRODUCTION OF ELEMENT SULFUR

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Д. Айсунгуров ◽  
П.С. Цамаева ◽  
А.А. Эльмурзаев ◽  
С.С. Юсупов
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Solid Catalysts

Экономической составляющей нашей страны была и остается топливно-энергетическая промышленность, в частности нефтегазовая отрасль промышленности. Снижение объемов добычи жидких углеводородов из-за истощения огромного количества эксплуатируемых скважин заставляет искать пути решения возникающих проблем. Одним из решений такого рода проблем видится увеличение числа эксплуатации нефтегазовых скважин, которые сталкиваются с проблемами из-за высокого содержания в составе вредных компонентов, в частности сероводорода. Ведущие нефтяные компании имеют свое видение решения этих проблем. Исследования ученых в этой области предлагают свои решения подобного рода вопросов. Одним из таких предложений является разработка технологии утилизации сероводорода путем окисления газов кислородом воздуха на твердых катализаторах. В статье предлагается метод выделения серы из высококонцентрированного сероводородсодержащего газа в кипящем слое катализатора. Авторами проведены испытания предлагаемого метода на опытной установке и даны рекомендации по проведению такого рода исследований. The economic component of our country has been and remains the fuel and energy industry, in particular the oil and gas industry. The decline in liquid hydrocarbon production, due to the depletion of a huge number of exploited wells, makes us look for ways to solve the problems that arise. One of the solutions to this kind of problems seems to be an increase in the number of oil and gas wells that encounter problems due to the high content of harmful components, in particular hydrogen sulfide. Leading oil campaigns have their own vision for solving these problems. Researches of scientists in this area offer their solutions to this kind of issues. One of such proposals is the development of technology for the utilization of hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing gases with atmospheric oxygen on solid catalysts. The article proposes a method for the separation of sulfur from highly concentrated hydrogen sulfide-containing gas in a fluidized bed of catalyst. The authors tested the proposed method in a pilot plant and made recommendations for conducting this kind of research.

scholarly journals Biofuels as an instrument of Russia hydrocarbons and agrarian exports competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 13029
Author(s):  
Denis Ushakov ◽  
Oleg Patlasov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Level ◽  
Science Intensity

Paper analyzes the prospects of biofuels second and third generation in the structure of the global energy balance, demonstrates a sharp decline in oil and gas revenues in the Russian budget, describes advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel and bioethanol production. The connection between the growth of Russia’s export potential in terms of hydrocarbon products processing with EU standards implementation has been proved. The problems of the realization of programs on the oxygenate technologies development in the Union State of Russia-Belarus were revealed. The capacity of the market of 3-4 generations fuel with using non-food raw materials and various types of biomass was estimated. Was proved that at a high level of growth in business value and profitability of production there are incentives to organize deep processing in Russia’s hydrocarbon production. It is proved that the oil and gas industry in a creative economy should increase its science intensity and depth of raw materials processing, including ones in related industries.

scholarly journals MECHANISMS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF OIL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Camila Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

The oil and gas industry remains for Russia the most important source of income, a strategic industry. According to official figures of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, income from the oil and gas sector, according to the results of 2019, is 40% of the total budget of the country. A large volume of crude oil and gas is exported from the country. The tax burden on raw materials reaches up to 60% of the initial cost, which makes oil production at new fields extremely unprofitable. The most important direction for the country is the transition from a strategy for the sale of crude oil products to refined ones, which have an additional cost. The article discusses the features of domestic oil production, analyzes the reasons for overpriced in comparison with competitive raw materials from other oil producing leader countries. The strategy of ensuring the economic security of the industry is noted, the main tools are listed and the mechanisms for ensuring the economic security of petrochemical industry enterprises are presented.

ANALYSIS OF A STRAIN GAUGE FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
G.A. Ermolaev ◽  
N.V. Gorbunov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Sensor Model ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
Tension Sensor

Hydrocarbon raw materials are the cornerstone of modern civilization. Evaluating the resources of existing fields is the most important condition for making a decision on the feasibility of production using new technologies. We discuss the results of analysis and design of a rope tension sensor model for delivering specialized equipment to wells to determine the prospects of a well. The calculations were performed using the universal finite element analysis software package ANSYS.

Overcoming Challenges of Pigging the Unpiggable Pipelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedu Oragwu ◽  
Daniel Molyneux ◽  
Lukeman Lawal ◽  
Stanley Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Strict Compliance

Abstract Carbon steel pipelines are used to transport hydrocarbons globally because carbon steel is relatively easier to fabricate, safe for use, raw materials are available and less expensive. Amidst these benefits, carbon steel is susceptible to severe corrosion and other anomalies. Pipeline corrosion is a significant concern in the oil and gas industry. It has caused several minor and catastrophic losses of containment with resultant fatalities, environmental pollutions, asset damage, and production downtimes. The increasing failures of in-service pipelines have led the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) to intensify regulatory scrutiny of pipeline integrity assessment and management in Nigeria to ensure strict compliance to the regulatory requirements by the Oil Producing Companies. According to DPR Act (Section 2.5.2.1), all pipelines greater than 6" size diameter must be inspected every five (5) years with intelligent pigs (inline inspection tools) that would provide the accurate condition of the pipeline. However, many pipelines in Nigeria are unpiggable or difficult to inspect with intelligent pigs due to the unavailability of pigging facilities (especially in brownfields), pipelines with short bend radiuses, dual diameters, flow parameters, etcetera. This paper explores case studies involving the use of advanced inline inspection technology to conduct inline inspection of difficult-to-inspect dual-diameter pipelines.

The Overview of Mental Workload of Health Safety and Environment Workers in Oil and Gas Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Vica Claudia Fajrin
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

 Introduction: PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap is a national oil and gas industry that has the largest refinery in Southeast Asia that manages raw materials for other refinery units in Indonesia to be reprocessed into fuel. The size of the refinery can illustrate the complexity of the system run by this unit. The HSE Unit in this company has a great responsibility to maintain the worker safety in the refinery. It is necessary to measure mental workload on HSE workers. This is because if the mental workload is not monitored, it can cause fatality, in this case, work accidents as a result of lack of supervision from HSE workers and mental PAK related to HSE workers resulting in excessive mental workload or property loss as an outcome of excessive mental workload. So, it is important to portray the HSE mental workload because of its responsibility to secure the health, safety and environmental issues. The purpose of this study was to describe the heavy mental workload on PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap. Method: This research was a quantitative descriptive designed study. Data were obtained by conducting interviews and using the NASA-tlx questionnaire on 71 respondents. Results: As many as 35 respondents had heavy mental workloads and 31 respondents had very heavy mental workloads. Conclusion: HSE workers at PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap has a heavy mental workload and even tends to be very heavy.Keywords: mental workload, NASA-tlx, oil and gas industry

Research universal combined inhibitor for the oil and gas industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
M.B. Adigezalova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Inhibitory Efficiency

Using the gravimetric method, the inhibitory efficiency of the combined inhibitor with respect to hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion of St3 steel in model produced water MI was studied. Corrosion tests were carried out in 0,5 liter sealed vessels on St3 samples of size 30х20х1. Gossypol resin + MARZA was used as a multifunctional combined inhibitor. Diesel fuel and kerosene were used as solvent. It has been established that the protective effect of using a multi-functional combined inhibitor in formation water with oil containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide using kerosene as a solvent ranges from 75 to 96 and for diesel as 80 to 100. The combined inhibitor allows to achieve in the MI medium containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the process of daily testing the corrosion rate of steel is about 0,04 g/m2·h. only in a concentration of not less than 70 mg/l. However, with an increase in the duration of the test by an order of magnitude, a similar corrosion rate is observed already at an inhibitor concentration of 50 mg/l. The same is characteristic of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide - carbon dioxide solutions.

Progress Towards an Oil and Gas Industry Alternative to Mea Triazine in Hydrogen Sulfide Mitigation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grahame Taylor ◽  
Jonathan Wylde ◽  
Antonio Pedro Oliveiro ◽  
Monica Smith-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry

(Re)Presenting Identities: National Archipelagos in Kazan1

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Álvarez Veinguer
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Tatarstan is located between Europe and Asia. It is important to emphasize geographical location, which is a key element in the processes of identities formation and transformation. Tatarstan is located in the core of the Russian Federation, situated in the European part of Russia and 800 kilometres from Moscow, at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama Rivers. The capital of Tatarstan is Kazan. The economic potential of the republic is based mainly on raw materials (including oil and gas), industry and agriculture. According to the constitution of the republic (approved on 6 November 1992) Tatarstan (previously known as Tataria) is defined as a multiethnic republic, with two official languages, Russian and Tatar. The largest ethnic groups are Tatars and Russians; as a consequence it makes sense to talk in terms of a bicultural society with two main confessional groups, namely Muslim and Orthodox Christians.

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