scholarly journals Prototyping Revisited: - design with users in a cooperative setting

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (233) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Bødker
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Mutual Learning ◽  
Active User ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Paper Prototyping

In this paper, prototyping will be discussed from the point-of-view of user/designer cooperation in design. Active user participation in systems design is a way of improving the quality of the design process as well as the product - a computer application in use. To participate actively in design, users must be allowed to experience the future use situation in the design process. Various prototyping methods seem to offer valuable help in this process. Cooperation between users and designers, the mutual learning process, and hands-on experiences to reveal the triggering of proper operations is, however, only one side of the epistemological interests behind prototyping. At the same time, the practical solutions of different approaches are to some extent applicable but it is perhaps a good idea to reconsider the concept from the perspective of cooperation between users and professional designers.

scholarly journals Creating Conditions for Participation: Conflicts and Resources in Systems Design

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (479) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Bødker
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Bath Water ◽  
Collective Resource ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
Main Message

<p>User participation in design is a well recognized way of gaining more knowledge about work, and of improving the quality of the computer application to be designed. Yet many experiences with user participation were gained under circumstances quite different from those of corporations in the 1990's - in the Scandinavian collective resource projects. This paper will argue that a lot can still be learned from these projects, in particular when it comes to the creation of conditions for participation.</p><p>The paper will present a recent project, the AT project, in order to discuss the concerns and conditions of participatory design projects today. This discussion seeks inspiration also in philosophical concerns regarding human development. The main message is that we shouldn't throw out the baby with the bath water, though certainly many aspects need to be rethought. The paper goes on to suggest that new alliances between groups in organizations, with due concern for their diversity of resources, and with constructive use of the conflicts inherent in the organization despite their fundamentally conflicting interests, may be a way forward in empowering organizations, making room for groups and individuals within them to act. The paper discusses experiences with ways of setting up design activities in such an environment.</p>

scholarly journals A Semiotic Rosetta Stone Workshop

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave WOOD
Keyword(s):  
Visual Communication ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Negotiation Of Meaning ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
Hands On

ADIM delegates will learn how the quality of user-participation can be enhanced by improving the visual communication within designed outputs. The workshop’s aim is to provide a direct, hands–on experience, to explore how iconic, indexical and symbolic semiotic representation can improve design’s message, concept or affordance. It will complement the conference sub-track 5.e Seeking signification in transformational times: design semiotics and the negotiation of meaning.

Scandinavian Design: On Participation and Skill

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelle Ehn
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
And Control

In Scandinavia we have for two decades been concerned with participation and skill in the design and use of computer-based systems. Collaboration between researchers and trade unions on this theme, starting with the pioneering work of Kristen Nygaard and the Norwegian Metal Workers’ Union, and including leading projects like DEMOS and UTOPIA, has been based on a strong commitment to the idea of industrial democracy. This kind of politically significant, interdisciplinary, and action-oriented research on resources and control in the processes of design and use has contributed to what is often viewed abroad as a distinctively Scandinavian approach to systems design. This Scandinavian approach might be called a work-oriented design approach. Democratic participation and skill enhancement, and not only productivity and product quality, are themselves considered objective of design. [Based on the two research projects, DEMOS and UTOPIA, I have elaborated this approach in detail in Work-Oriented Design of Computer Artifacts (1989). This paper is based on that work.] Two important features of participatory design shape its trajectory as a design strategy. The political one is obvious. Participatory design raises questions of democracy, power, and control in the workplace. In this sense it is a deeply controversial issue, especially from a management point of view. The other major feature is technical—its promise that the participation of skilled users in the design process can contribute importantly to successful design and high-quality products. Some experiences, perhaps most developed in Scandinavia, support this prediction and contribute to the growing interest in participatory design in the United States and other countries; by contrast, “expert” design strategies have too often turned out to be failures in terms of the usability of the resulting systems. These two features together suggest that there should be a strong link between the skill and product quality aspect of user participation and the democracy and control aspect, or else participatory design will be a deeply controversial issue from the point of view of the employees and trade unions. The trade-union-oriented democracy aspect of skill and participation in design is discussed in the first part of the chapter.

Exploring characteristics and effects of user participation in online social Q&A sites

First Monday ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag Shah ◽  
Jung Sun Oh ◽  
Sanghee Oh
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Document Retrieval ◽  
User Participation ◽  
User Profiles ◽  
Core Component ◽  
The Core ◽  
Active User ◽  
Rich Data ◽  
Active Contribution

People are seeking more meaningful and customized information than what is obtained by keywords-based queries and document retrieval through a search engine. In this paper, we look at a set of such services, referred to as social Q&A sites. With sites such as Google Answers, and primarily Yahoo! Answers, we attempt to understand various characteristics of user participation and their possible effects on the design and success of the site. We discuss these social Q&A sites by comparing their designs based on user participation and point out the effects and defects of each. We show that active user participation is the core component of these sites. We further analyze rich data collected from more than 55,000 Yahoo! Answers user profiles to understand the nature of user participation, and the quality of this participation. With our analysis we discover that Yahoo! Answers model implicitly encourages users to make an active contribution. An important contribution of the work reported here is the framework with which various factors relating to user participation in social Q&A sites can be studied.

scholarly journals User Participation in the Process of Creating a Citizen Science Portal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Andreas Divanis ◽  
Alissa Lüpke ◽  
Liqiu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Participation ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Research Staff ◽  
Project Staff ◽  
The Public ◽  
Active User ◽  
Qualitative Feedback

Abstract. Citizen science (CS) relies on cooperation with members of the public. This usually requires a lot of contact to reconcile the needs of the researchers and project staff with the user to retain an active user base. We explore with our CS web portal the potential of including the participants in the creation and design process of the portal. This is done by providing the users with easy access to our design and research staff and approaching people for qualitative feedback. To a large extent, our users do not have obvious ties to academic institutions, however, the vast majority of feedback comes from academics. We categorized the feedback, explored users’ backgrounds, and compared our active user retention to another CS project, which turns out to be comparable.

Improving the Quality of Care in the Specialization: The Benefits of “Hands-on” Courses for Learning Neuromuscular Ultrasound

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S1-S45
Author(s):  
A. Schroeder ◽  
S. Berweck ◽  
K. Vill ◽  
L. Gerstl ◽  
C. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Hands On

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

Physical capital stock, technological upgrading and modernisation in Hungary

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Szalavetz
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Physical Capital Accumulation

This paper discusses the relation between the quality and quantity indicators of physical capital and modernisation. While international academic literature emphasises the role of intangible factors enabling technology generation and absorption rather than that of physical capital accumulation, this paper argues that the quantity and quality of physical capital are important modernisation factors, particularly in the case of small, undercapitalised countries that recently integrated into the world economy. The paper shows that in Hungary, as opposed to developed countries, the technological upgrading of capital assets was not necessarily accompanied by the upgrading of human capital i.e. the thesis of capital skill complementarity did not apply to the first decade of transformation and capital accumulation in Hungary. Finally, the paper shows that there are large differences between the average technological levels of individual industries. The dualism of the Hungarian economy, which is also manifest in terms of differences in the size of individual industries' technological gaps, is a disadvantage from the point of view of competitiveness. The increasing differences in the size of the technological gaps can be explained not only with industry-specific factors, but also with the weakness of technology and regional development policies, as well as with institutional deficiencies.

Flouride and Nitrate Status of Some Ground Waters in Chittor District of Rajasthan State (India)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Trapti Sharma ◽  
R. P. Nagar ◽  
R. C. Gaur ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Charanjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Indian Council ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Research World ◽  
Drinking Purpose

In Rajasthan state the ground waters of some areas like Ramganj-mandi, Morak, Barmer, Jaisalmer, Chittor and Udaipur etc. are susceptible from drinking point of view.To test the quality of groundwater in Chittor district 14, ground water samples were collected from various places and analyzed for pH, E.C., Fluoride and Nitrate parameters by standard methods (A.P.H. A., Washington, USA, 1995). The study revealed that none of the ground waters was found suitable completely from drinking point of view. Some are having electrical conductivity > 1.4 dS/m, some are having pH >8.5, some area having fluoride >1.5 ppm and some are having nitrate>45 ppm. These are the limits of various parameters permitted by various International authorities like Bureau of Indian Standard, Indian Council of Medical Research,world health Organization etc. for drinking waters. So, it is recommended to the residents of above areas to use water for drinking purpose only after reverse osmosis or adopting suitable method of removing excess of Fluoride and Nitrate for drinking water to avoid unwanted pathogenic diseases harmful for human health.

A Futures Study on the Quality Of Life from the Point Of View of Iranian Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sina Saeedy ◽  
Mojtaba Amiri ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zolfagharzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Eyvazi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Futures Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University

Quality of life and satisfaction with life as tightly interconnected concepts have become of much importance in the urbanism era. No doubt, it is one of the most important goals of every human society to enhance a citizen’s quality of life and to increase their satisfaction with life. However, there are many signs which demonstrate the low level of life satisfaction of Iranian citizens especially among the youth. Thus, considering the temporal concept of life satisfaction, this research aims to make a futures study in this field. Therefore, using a mixed model and employing research methods from futures studies, life satisfaction among the students of the University of Tehran were measured and their views on this subject investigated. Both quantitative and qualitative data were analysed together in order to test the hypotheses and to address the research questions on the youth discontentment with quality of life. Findings showed that the level of life satisfaction among students is relatively low and their image of the future is not positive and not optimistic. These views were elicited and discussed in the social, economic, political, environmental and technological perspectives. Keywords:  futures studies, quality of life, satisfaction with life, youth

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