scholarly journals Warum wir uns mit N.F.S Grundtvigs idealismus-kritischen Abhandlungen beschäftigen

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-216
Author(s):  
Horst Nägele
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Disastrous Consequence ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Temporal Reality ◽  
Life On Earth

Warum wir uns mit N.F.S. Grundtvigsidealismus-kritischen Abhandlungen beschäftigenBy Horst NägeleHorst Nägele begins his article with the statement that circumstantial evidence suggests that the democratic credibility of the Federal Republic of Germany may be questioned. Nägele argues for this view by comparing social conventions in Scandinavia and Germany.He adduces historical material to support his theory of a cultural difference on this point. The criticism levelled by the poet Jens Baggesen at the High German language for its remoteness from reality, is dealt with first. Then follows a discussion of the similar criticism by Grundtvig of the idealistic German philosophy, which, according to Grundtvig, is linked up with the Imperialist inclinations of Germany. Hence Germany’s propensity to .litism which finds expression in the New High German literary language as well as in philosophy. In Grundtvig’s view, the connection between the litist, and therefore Imperialist, unitary culture of Germany and the idealistic philosophy manifests itself in the detachment from reality that is characteristic of Schelling’s philosophy. When Schelling talks about the I that embodies itself, it becomes the image of nothing perceiving itself, in contrast to an I attached to a body. Grundtvig also finds evidence of this German tendency towards a missing sense of reality in Schiller’s poetical works. On a close examination of Grundtvig’s writings, it will appear that Friedrich Schiller’s (quasi-idealistic) tragedies are as a whole seen to convey the notion of heroes being (lifeless) shadows, easily killed. For Schiller’s higher, moral human nature, determined by liberty, cannot conquer death; in Grundtvig’s view, only the spirit of history can do that. Grundtvig’s view of life contrasts, for instance, with Schiller’s drama Wallenstein, where the protagonist chooses of his own free will to submit to death and evil.After discussing Grundtvig’s interpretation of Schiller’s dramas, Nägele returns to Schelling’s philosophy as an example of a tendency in German idealism. As Grundtvig understood it, life depends on truth. Grundtvig attaches importance to immediate actuality (‘fundamental and ultimate reality’) as it is the prerequisite for the conception that the ideal is the cause of .all temporal reality.. Grundtvig’s attitude contrasts sharply with what he calls the delusive view of the German idealistic philosophers who despise the body and annihilate life in order to idolize an egocentric construct, with the disastrous consequence that life doesn’t count. Thus Schelling mixes good with evil, truth with falsehood, since the absolute ideal, reason perceiving itself, is given the highest priority, i.e. preceding reality. According to Grundtvig, what is ideal, what is possible, always depends on reality, on what is real. In Grundtvig’s view, truth can only be perceived by man in his life on earth in contradistinction to falsehood; therefore it is impossible to identify the divine perception of the eternal truth and the human recognition of truth.This is the main line of thought in Grundtvig’s criticism of Schelling’s philosophy. It is Nägele’s argument that this criticism is highly topical since it is reflected in the debate over morals today, in the endeavours to create dignified social conventions, and in the complex issue of the future character of the European community as either a union or a loose cooperative structure.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

scholarly journals Broadening the Scope of Diversity Management : Strategic Implications in the Case of the Netherlands

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folke Glastra ◽  
Martha Meerman ◽  
Petra Schedler ◽  
Sjiera de Vries
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Challenging Tasks

An analysis of theories and practices of diversity management, as illustrated in the case of the Netherlands, shows that they are too narrowly focused on redressing imbalances experienced by ethnic minorities and bridging cultural differences between majorities and ethnic minorities in the workplace. Agencies in the field of diversity management have fallen back on a limited and standardized stock of methods that ignore the specificity of organizational dynamics and largely operate in isolation from existing equity policies. The influence of diversity management has thus remained quite superficial. A contextual approach would broaden both the body of thought and the repertory of methods of diversity management, and strengthen its political and social relations. Such an approach would respond to its most challenging tasks: fostering social justice, enhancing productivity, and breaking the circle that equates cultural difference with social inequality

Cross-cultural Encounters in Urban Festivals: Between Liberation and Domination

2020 ◽  
pp. 120633121989703
Author(s):  
Lasse Koefoed ◽  
Maja de Neergaard ◽  
Kirsten Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Negotiation Of Identity ◽  
Aesthetic Politics

This paper is part of a wider research project on Paradoxical Spaces: Encountering the Other in Public Space that explores how cultural difference is practiced and negotiated in different public spaces in Copenhagen. The present case focus on encounters at two urban festivals: Kulturhavn (Cultural Harbur) and Smag Verden (Taste the World)—both multicultural and both initiated by the Municipality of Copenhagen. The festivals are seen as sites for ongoing dialogue and negotiation of identity and belonging. The celebration, performances, and pleasure of festivals can empower the body, break down social and cultural distance, and for a moment suspend everyday life. They are related to laughter and freedom, but can also be exclusive, alienating, and a vehicle of the inserting of the hegemonic order. The aim of the paper is to discover how the festivals work as social and material mediators of cross-cultural encounters—how they give rise to different modes of encounters and how they balance between liberation and similarities. They are both organized by the municipality of Copenhagen, who invite voluntary organizations and cultural associations every year to participate in organizing the two festivals. They both cover a broad range of cultural activities such as dance, music, food, sport, and theatre, and they share the vision of celebrating the cultural diversity of the city. We chose these two festivals in order to explore variations in the way the festivals are experienced and encountered; the focus of the analysis is on how festivals with many similarities in location and formal conditions can give rise to rather different modes of encounters. The aim of the paper is to explore how the festivals work as social and material mediators of cross-cultural encounters. How do the two festivals give rise to different modes of encounters? How do they balance between liberation and domination in a differential way? Drawing on empirical material obtained through participant observation and framed by theoretical conceptualization of cross-cultural encounters, multicultural festivals, and aesthetic politics, the paper explores embodied encounters at the two festivals. It focuses on the role of the festivals as social and material mediators of encounters and negotiation of identities. The paper concludes on the paradoxical character of the festivals, involving antagonistic embodiments of performance, pleasure, and politics.

scholarly journals ‘I Can Do It’ Becomes ‘We Do It’: Kimberley (Australia) and Still Bay (South Africa) Points Through a Socio-technical Framework Lens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Högberg ◽  
Marlize Lombard
Keyword(s):  
Middle Stone Age ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Technical Framework ◽  
Still Bay

AbstractBuilding on the body of work regarding the concepts of invention and innovation in lithic technology, we further explore the give-and-take relationship between people and their technologies in two different stone point knapping traditions. From the socio-technical framework perspective, which is one amongst many ways to look at technological trends, the acceptance and stabilisation of a tool-making tradition is not only dictated by its technology-specific properties, such as its ingenuity or usefulness. Instead, it also depends on the social conventions and practices of its spatiotemporal context, which can be explored through the notions of introduction, closure, stabilisation, destabilisation and copying. We explain the theory behind the socio-technical framework with modern examples, such as bicycle use in late nineteenth century England and electrical guitar trends in the last half of the twentieth century. Turning our attention to stone point knapping, we use Australian Kimberley point production during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries to bridge into how the socio-technical framework reflects in the dynamics that might be involved in lithic traditions. Using this theoretical framework to think about aspects of deep-time point production, such as that recorded from the Still Bay techno-complex during the Middle Stone Age in southern Africa, becomes trickier though. Instead of reliable ethno-historical accounts or dense archaeological context, we have to rely on coarse-grained data sets about distribution, age, environment and population, making inferences more speculative and less testable. In the context of this special volume, we suggest, however, that a socio-technical framework approach may be a useful tool to enhance our thinking about dynamics in ancient techno-behaviours and that more work is necessary to flesh out its potential in this respect.

scholarly journals Food Consumption in Ferzan Ozpetek’s Hamam and Luca Guadagnino’s Io sono l’amore: A Gender Issue

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Patrizia Sambuco
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gender Constructions ◽  
The Individual

Within the wide range of scholarly works on food studies, the topic of food and cinema has gained increasing attention in recent years. This article contributes to the discussion offering a gender per­spective in the analysis of Italian films. It examines cinematic represen­tations of food consumption in Ferzan Ozpetek’s Hamam and Luca Guadagnino’s Io sono l’amore. Food consumption is a means of look­ing at self-identity and the relationship of the individual to the outside world. Eating implies taking part of the outside world inside, and as such it involves not only nutrition for the body but invests the sub­ject with cultural meanings. As a result, the analysis of food consump­tion lends itself to an examination of cultural gender dynamics that influence representations. Through a gender reading of specific scenes, the article argues that in spite of the apparent representations of inde­pendent, successful female protagonists who dare to challenge social conventions, the films considered contribute to the reinforcement of traditional gender constructions. Claude Fischler’s and Pasi Falk’s theo­ries of food consumption help to uncover how the sensory and aesthetic dimensions prevail in the representations of the women protagonists of the films analysed. The female protagonists’ relationship to the outside world remains an individual one, experienced at the sensory level, that cannot express the radical and collective transformations available to the male protagonists.

The Effect of Context

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Kukulska-Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Visual Context ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
Know How ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Concentric Circles ◽  
Personal Context ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Context Of Situation

• In what way does formatting a table resemble passing a ball? • Is “Press X” a definition of X? • Does it matter whether we know how to talk about maps? • Does learning always affect one’s language? • When should users hide something that does not exist? . . . “Context” is a word that is used freely and has many meanings. This chapter describes some of the different immediate contexts that apply to language. It shows the links between social conventions and meanings and how meaning is inferred. Visual and conceptual metaphors are investigated here, with emphasis on how we talk about metaphors. Context is then further explored in relation to professional preoccupations, situations, and tasks. This leads up to an important final section on verbal context, in which we look at how words form bonds with other words that surround them. . . . What Is Meant by “Context”? . . . The idea of context and its effect on meaning was briefly introduced in chapter 2, where the point was made that, out of context, a word may have a range of possible meanings, but that within a specific setting, one “actualized” meaning emerges. Put another way, context can help to resolve the ambiguity of word meaning. But it does not always resolve ambiguity. This is partly because there are typically a number of contexts to consider simultaneously. One perspective on this, which has been mentioned earlier, is to see context (in the sense of “reality”) as a set of concentric circles, with personal context at the center, surrounded by social, cultural, and intercultural contexts. Our main concern in this chapter is what might be referred to as the immediate context, which can be said to fall into three categories: situational, verbal, and visual. Visual context is treated again in chapter 7. Sometimes, if aspects of the immediate context are ill-defined or missing, ambiguity can persist. Halliday (1978) has written about the “context of situation” in these terms: . . . Language comes to life only when functioning in some environment. . . .

scholarly journals AIR SUMBER KEHIDUPAN (Tinjauan Kimia Air dalam Al-Qur’an)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
Rini Nafsiati Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Living Thing ◽  
The World ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Living Process

The living process is mediated by water to start a long evolutionary line that connected animal, plant, as well the human being. The beginning of life that involved water reflected in all of the life process, such as animal, plant, and human being as well. Single-cell organism is the simplest living thing is surrounded and filled with water. In order to survive, plant has to take water from the ground. While human being's body contains water about 54 % of weight contains liquid. Without water, living thing will not survive. The molecule of water bonds together in a special way that is known as hydrogen bonding. If there is no hydrogen bonding between water molecules so at 1 atm pressure water will be boiling at 100° C. This condition can cause disaster to the life on earth, such as blood will be boiling in the body, plants will be wilted and died, and the world will be turn to dry desert. Human no longer can't make their drinks. Water is very important for human life as it reflected in the verse that suggest human being to note the water they drink stated in Qur' an.

scholarly journals Concept of Vata Dosha in Ashayapakarsha

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubha Raul ◽  
Dnyaneshwar M. Padvi
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Life On Earth

Vata dosha governs the movements in the body, activities of the nervous system, and the process of elimination from our body. When Vata dosha becomes imbalanced for a sufficiently long enough time, pitta and kapha dosha also get imbalanced. Vata depicts ether and air Just like air is necessary for life on earth to function, everything is dependent on Vata in our body. Vata is known as the king of the doshas. In this article, we have compiled the role of Vata doshaAshayapakarsha. Ashayapakarsha means displacement from the original place. In this condition, the vitiated vata dosha displaces the normal kapha or pitta dosha from its place.

scholarly journals Universal patterns of matter and energy fluxes in land and ocean ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Nefiodov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Live Biomass ◽  
Vertical Thickness ◽  
Ocean Ecosystems ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Life On Earth

AbstractIn work [1], the fundamental relationships for the fluxes of matter and energy in terrestrial ecosystems were obtained. Taking into account the universal characteristics of biota, these relationships permitted an estimate to be made of the vertical thickness of the live biomass layer for autotrophs and heterotrophs. The distribution of consumption of biota production as dependent on the body size of heterotrophs was also investigated. For large animals (vertebrates), the energy consumption in sustainable ecosystems was estimated to be of the order of one percent of primary production. In this comment, it is shown that the results of work [1] also hold true for ocean ecosystems and thus are universal for life as a whole. This is of paramount importance for human life on Earth.

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