Peace and the private sector: Northern Ireland’s regional experience of globalised trends

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Hayward ◽  
Eoin Magennis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
State Level ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainable Peace

Chapter nine explores the role of NGOs in assessing business and the private sector in promoting peace in Northern Ireland. Analyses of Northern Ireland’s peace process tend to concentrate on the public or non-profit sector. The role of the private sector has been more or less ignored. The lack of scholarly focus may reflect the traditional gap in comprehension and cooperation between business and peace. This, however, is changing. Liberal IR assumptions about the spillover effects of economic development have morphed into analysis of the potential for globalisation to improve international connections, thus making the recourse to violence less likely. At a sub-state level, the same liberal premises are present in the concept of business-based peacebuilding, which identifies a natural complementarity between the objectives of private sector actors and the maintenance of a stable, sustainable peace.

scholarly journals The role of private economy in the socialist-oriented market economy in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Eglinger
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Private Economy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Doi Moi

The author discloses, through the prism of Vietnamese sources, the role of the private sector in the Vietnamese economy, showing that it has changed fundamentally during the 35 years of Đổi Mới implementation; analyzes its place in the structure of the Vietnamese economy and its evolution, as well as its position in comparison with two other sectors, namely the public sector and sector with the participation of foreign capital. The article, based on official Vietnamese sources, reflects the CPV's view of the private sector and the Communist Party's intention to use it in promoting the country's prosperity. At the same time, the author introduces the idea that large Vietnamese private groups are indebted to political protection by the leadership of the country, emphasizes the existence of a cronyism and patronizing approach in relations between them. Thus, the private sector can therefore, contribute to economic development and the creation of economic champions but maybe not to a leveled playing field between sectors and within the private sector. The paper aims at putting forward the fact that the State is actually piloting the private economy. In reality the Vietnamese authorities seem to adapt to it and take advantage of its development.

Evaluating Science and Technology Parks in France

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Bruhat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Science And Technology Parks ◽  
Technology Parks

In this paper, Thierry Bruhat considers the experience to date of the development of science and technology parks, or technopoles, in France. He discusses the different approaches to their establishment, their principal characteristics, and the ways in which the performance and significance of the technopoles can be fully evaluated. He stresses the ‘added value’ of the parks — their contribution to the endogenous economic development of their regions. With specific examples, he analyses their role as networking agents at the public—private sector interface, and catalysts in the innovation process, emphasizing the issues of site preparation, technopole structure, and the role of participants. The key to economic success, argues the author, is the pooling of the information and skills ‘which are often trapped in the compartmentalized worlds of industry, technology, and academia.’

GREEN BONDS AS A NEW FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
M. V. DUBROVA ◽  
◽  
N. N. ZHILINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Non Profit Organizations

The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in Russia there is no effective mechanism of state support for the activities of non-profit organizations in the field of “green Finance”. The role of non-profit organizations is leveled, which can become a serious help in solving economic problems, in particular, the problems of recycling and processing of secondary raw materials, the placement of industrial waste and household garbage, and landscaping of large megacities. The main financial burden in the field of “green economy” falls on States and large enterprises. Meanwhile, we cannot ignore the important role of non-profit organizations that can not only draw attention to environmental problems to the public, but also offer their own measures to solve environmental problems. In this regard, it becomes relevant to consider the participation of non-profit organizations in the implementation of environmental projects by attracting “green Finance”.

Role of an architect in projects involving EPC contracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
Adyathan Dasyapu ◽  
Greeshmika Nagubilli ◽  
Jayanth V Kutcharlapati ◽  
Hari Prasad Guntuku ◽  
Shruti S Nagdeve
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Related Case ◽  
The Public

Purpose: Engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contracts are on their way to becoming the most common type of contract used by the private sector for large-scale infrastructure projects. Every project requires a strong relationship between all of the experts participating in EPC projects and the client. This relationship must be solidly established by an architect; otherwise, the project may fail for all parties involved, including the client, contractor, lenders, government, and others. The purpose of this study is to identify if the working of the EPC contracts is favourable for the architectural profession, and to identify the way in which the working could be improved. Methodology: A qualitative approach was applied to analyze the critical points of EPC contracts based upon reviews of related case studies from the public sector and supplementary interviews with professionals in the field. Main Finding: The architect's role in an EPC contract is not crucial and is equal to other stakeholders involved in the project. Also, EPC contractors have the power to dictate the workflow of the project and hence, architects might have to compromise in terms of the design, compensation, etc. Implications: It is very important for every project to have an outcome based on each stakeholders/consultants inputs specially on larger projects, this article is a step towards understanding the role of architects under an EPC contract as the future projects will come under its purview.  Novelty: The study is done under the lens of a newly graduated architect and not as any other professional, thereby trying to develop an understanding for fresh architects.

Prospects for architects in the Government Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Disha Garg ◽  
Kartik Sharma ◽  
Parul Nayar ◽  
Shubhi Goyal ◽  
Shruti S Nagdeve
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Private Practices ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
The Government

Purpose: With the conception of one’s professional life, it is essential to understand all the possibilities and opportunities that lie before them. In the case of architecture, there exists a bias towards the private sector where newly graduate students aspire to work in private practices and possibly even envision a practice of their own at a certain point in life. While there is nothing wrong with envisioning a future in the private sector, it is also essential to be aware about the public sector and understand the opportunities it provides to be able to make an informed decision. There is a preconceived notion about the monotonous nature of government jobs and a lack of awareness about students about the opportunities in this sector. Hence, it becomes crucial to understand the numerous opportunities this sector has to offer and thus, explore the potential of architects in government organizations. Methodology: The research for this paper has been done by referring to existing literature and interviews with concerned people. With an understanding of how and why is the government sector an essential  area of research for budding architects and planners. The research was done through interviews and possible case studies was done based on review of existing literature. Main Findings: The government is one sector with tremendous possibilities in the realm of architecture but is often plagued with stereotypes and preconceptions which have emerged over the years. It is imagined to be “lazy”, “uninnovative” and “non-productive” but this sector has evolved over the recent years and is now shaping to be one of the more lucrative sectors for practice. The number of perks, benefits and a clear comparative advantage of a higher salary, added with the direct contribution towards serving the nation, the government sector clearly has an unrealised potential for architectural professionals. Implications: With younger architetcs having preconceived notions about role of architetcs in a government sector limited to unexciting set of designs without creativity, this article may help bring a fresh thought process to choose professional sector wisely.

Securitization of the Troubled Afghan Peace Process and the Role of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Lubna Sunawar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Copenhagen School ◽  
Securitization Theory ◽  
Fundamental Shift

Following the 9/11 attacks, the national security policies — notably of the Western nations — have taken a fundamental shift towards viewing vulnerable and unstable states, such as Afghanistan, as security threats. The strategic interference of the United States and its allies, for state-building in Afghanistan, not only failed in achieving its intended outcomes but also brought untold suffering and severe repercussions to the Afghan people. The major powers involved in the post-9/11 war against terror in Afghanistan — particularly the United States — had to bear heavy costs in terms of capital, materials, and lives. Being a neighbor of Afghanistan and a responsible state committed to peace in the region, Pakistan has made genuine and consistent efforts to promote a peace process that is Afghan-owned and Afghan-led, in order to bring sustainable peace and stability to Afghanistan. Using the post 9/11 U.S. mission as an example, this article analyzes how the securitization of development has affected the peace process in Afghanistan. The securitization theory of the Copenhagen School is used as a basis to explain the dynamics of the peace process (led by the United States) with the Taliban.

MPA Graduates and the Dilemma of Job Satisfaction: Does Crossing the Sector Line Make a Difference

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrie E. Blunt ◽  
Kris Anne Spring
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
State Regional

This study examines levels of job satisfaction for MPA graduates employed in the public, private, and non-profit sectors. Findings are based on a survey and indicate that MPA graduates derive greater satisfaction with pay and promotion opportunities in the private sector than in the public or non-profit sectors. No significant differences were noted between the sectors with regard to work satisfaction or satisfaction with supervisor or co-workers. Further, no differences in levels of satisfaction were noted between four categories of public sector employment; federal, state, regional, or local.

scholarly journals ARQUITETURA, IDEOLOGIA E PRODUÇÃO: o uso do edifício público como veículo de comunicação no período do “Regime Militar” brasileiro

Revista Labor ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eneas de Araújo Arrais Neto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
The Public ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Military ◽  
The City

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os edifícios sedes dos órgãos públicos federais construídos na cidade de Fortaleza durante os anos de vigência do “Regime Militar”. Parte da compreensão de que a arquitetura, enquanto objeto de fruição coletiva, assume o papel de meio de comunicação de massa no espaço urbano e, como tal, foi um dos instrumentos de divulgação ideológica dos governos militares dirigidos aos setores sociais urbanos; veiculando principalmente idéias de modernização, desenvolvimento, racionalidade, onipotência do poder estatal e autoritarismo. Analisa igualmente as influências, neste processo, da cultura de classe do setor burocrático-estatal, e propõe que estas edificações, ao estabelecerem novos padrões estéticos e de utilização de materiais e equipamentos de procedência tecnológica estrangeira, se constituíram em elementos importantes do processo de abertura da economia nacional ao capital multinacional, em particular no que diz respeito ao mercado da construção civil.Abstract This paper presents the arquitectural critique of a specific group of edifications built in the city of Fortaleza during the period of the military governments in Brazil. The character of the architecture developed by the military government in public buildings in this period is common all over the country: the facilities were built to with the intention to occupy the cities as out-doors of the military governments, diffusing images of modernization, rationality, economic development and the power of the state.   Through the use of architectural language, by the means of design, project, materials, forms and other ways, the architecture of the public sector played the role of ideology, besides introducing imported materials and equipment previously unused in the building sector of the country.

scholarly journals The Role of Investment in Road Development in Egypt: دور الاستثمار في تنمية الطرق البرية في مصر

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmine Mahmoud Elgazzar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
External Funding ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Road Development ◽  
Analytical Approaches

    The paper illustrates the role of investment in the roads transportation sector development in Egypt. As the investments is considered an important source of external funding especially for countries that are characterized by low level of savings and investments like Egypt. As the country is seeking to attract many investments in order to work on the expansion and the construction of new urban communities and industrial centers. Egypt also is trying work on extending the roads networks between the different regions. The thing that made it a necessity for Egypt to attract the private investment sector as source to finance these investments in the transportation sector. To achieve the objective of the paper, both inductive and descriptive analytical approaches will be combined. The study concluded that there should be integration between economic activity plans and expansion plans in transport activities depending on the size of investment and also encourage the private sector to provide many investments to help the growth of industries, intensify investment and participate in the wheel of economic development.   ، ، ، ، ، ،

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