scholarly journals The Role of Investment in Road Development in Egypt: دور الاستثمار في تنمية الطرق البرية في مصر

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmine Mahmoud Elgazzar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
External Funding ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Road Development ◽  
Analytical Approaches

    The paper illustrates the role of investment in the roads transportation sector development in Egypt. As the investments is considered an important source of external funding especially for countries that are characterized by low level of savings and investments like Egypt. As the country is seeking to attract many investments in order to work on the expansion and the construction of new urban communities and industrial centers. Egypt also is trying work on extending the roads networks between the different regions. The thing that made it a necessity for Egypt to attract the private investment sector as source to finance these investments in the transportation sector. To achieve the objective of the paper, both inductive and descriptive analytical approaches will be combined. The study concluded that there should be integration between economic activity plans and expansion plans in transport activities depending on the size of investment and also encourage the private sector to provide many investments to help the growth of industries, intensify investment and participate in the wheel of economic development.   ، ، ، ، ، ،

State capitalism and clusters: the case of Brazilian shipbuilding

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. DuBois ◽  
Marcos Andre Mendes Primo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – State capitalism is an economic model that relies on the role of a strong central government to support chosen firms and industries with subsidies, tax benefits and other advantages to which non-favored firms or industries do not have access (Bremmer, 2010). From an economic development perspective state capitalism is often used to redirect economic activity to underdeveloped regions (Wickham, 2009; Chobanyan and Leigh, 2006; Porter, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to examine the case of the Brazilian shipbuilding to illustrate the use of state capitalism to direct economic activity. Design/methodology/approach – Using Porter’s diamond factor model the authors analyze the development of an economic cluster focussed on the shipbuilding industry in northeastern Brazil. Using interviews with company executives and archival information, the authors profile the investments and incentives that the government has made in this region with particular attention to the mechanisms and policy directives designed to support local involvement in cluster activity. Findings – The authors find that the Brazilian shipbuilding industry offers a unique perspective on the role that governments play in the inducement of economic activity. The authors document the challenges that confront the local enterprise in meeting the requirements of the state controlled buyer and the difficulties associated with developing a local supplier base and finding a qualified workforce. The authors conclude with comments with regard to the applicability of this model to economic development activity in other country contexts. Research limitations/implications – This research adds to the body of literature on the role of governments in the creation of economic clusters. Practical implications – Economic development in emerging markets is often associated with strong government intervention. The authors use the Brazilian shipbuilding industry to illustrate the role of a state owned enterprise in facilitation of economic development. Social implications – Some countries may suffer from what has been known as the “resource curse,” that is, the misallocation of resource wealth into non-productive activities. In this paper, the authors illustrate and attempt by the Brazilian government to use this wealth to create employment opportunities in an underdeveloped region of the country. Originality/value – Emerging markets are challenged in developing viable enterprises that are competitive in global markets. Most research on the development of industrial clusters is focussed on developed markets. These markets do not have to confront the same challenges found in emerging markets. The research illustrates these challenges and the efforts that may be made to surmount them.

scholarly journals Black entrepreneurs, local embeddedness and regional economic development in Northern Namibia

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hege M. Knutsen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Black Entrepreneurs ◽  
Local Embeddedness

The article addresses possibilities and barriers to economic activity and development in the Oshana region of Northern Namibia. The focus is on the role of local embeddedness of economic activities in attaining economic development. A network perspective, based on theories of value chains that are embedded both in social relations and spatially, is selected as the analytical framework. The value chains of local black entrepreneurs in the study area are short. Moreover, the analysis reveals that social obligations may impede economic development, but that such practices are diminishing. The economic dominance and competition from South Africa is the main impediment to economic development in Northern Namibia. Local political embeddedness is shallow and political measures have not significantly reduced the implications of this dominance.

scholarly journals THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON GLOBAL TOURISM

10.26458/1728 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Bogdan Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism

Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic impact,the industry has significant indirect and induced impacts.The outlook for the Tourism sector in 2017 remains robust and will continue to be at the forefront of wealth and employment creation in the global economy, despite the emergence of a number of challenging headwinds.In tourism, GDP growth is expected to accelerate to 3.8%, up from 3.1% in 2016. As nations seem to be looking increasingly inward, putting in place barriers to trade and movement of people, the role of Tourism becomes even more significant, as an engine of economic development and as a vehicle for sharing cultures, creating peace, and building mutual understanding.

scholarly journals Some Questions About Evaluating the Role Transport Factor in Economic History the North-West of Russia in the Late XIX – early XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Nikolay M. Mezhevich ◽  
Vladimir M. Razumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
North West ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

Introduction. At present, the understanding that the solution of economic problems facing Russia cannot be based on standard economic approaches and models. It is gradually becoming obvious that attention to the spatial and historical features of the development of the Russian economy has not only academic interest, but also quite obvious practical significance. This can be proved on historical, or more precisely, historical and economic material. In fact, the theory of logic, taken broadly, is based on this. The development of transport and versatile tool to reduce the adverse impacts of space on the eco-economy, physical space turns into economic. The lack of transport connectivity of territories devalues the space of the economy (economic space) to a physical or geographical space. The purpose of the article is to show the role of the city of Saint Petersburg in the economic space of the North-West (understood as Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Novgorod, Pskov provinces) and Russia as a whole, through the development of railway transport in a concrete historical way. Materials and Methods. The historical method is used as the main method. In Russia, the spatial analysis method is almost mandatory, and it is also applied in this article. This method has been widely used in economic history, particularly in the study of transport. At the same time, we recognize the existence of research methods and techniques that are not suitable for this work, for example, the practice of economic and demographic analysis, especially in the neo-Malthusian version. The authors involve in the analysis the works of Russian and foreign scientists on the topic of the article. Results. The article shows the role of the city of Saint Petersburg as an economic and transport center taken in historical dynamics. The role of an important but single transport center in the economic development of Russia is revealed. The thesis is proved that the optimal choice of reference points for economic development has a positive impact on the development of the economic space of the entire country. Discussion and Conclusion. The article proves that the spatial scale of Russia contributes to the fact that the financial results of economic activity can be localized at a significant distance from the place of economic activity.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND APPLICABLE BASES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COAL INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPED ECONOMICS AS A MODEL OF STRATEGIC ENERGY RESOURCES

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Inna Poshtaruk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Important Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article describes the role of coal in economic activity as an important type of strategic energy resources. The trends of its extraction and consumption in the world economy are outlined. The main problems of the development of the coal industry in different countries are highlighted and countries are classified according to the policy of coal mining and consumption.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE IN KOSOVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459-1462
Author(s):  
Adelina Gashi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Macroeconomic Stabilization ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level

Kosovo has made significant progress in institutional building and macroeconomic stabilization, even though, the opportunity to meet needy people was very slow. The lack of economic development seems to have a negative effect on the stability that will push economic growth. The most urgent challenge for Kosovo authorities was to maintain macroeconomic stability and achieve economic growth, in pursuit of the reduction of the high level of unemployment. Reducing foreign aid and spills in the private sector will make it very difficult to achieve this goal. Mitigation of emigration is a very important issue for Kosovo's economy.

Industrial Hubs, Urban Systems, and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Edlam Abera Yemeru
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Specific Focus ◽  
Industrial Productivity ◽  
The Relationship

Urbanization and industrialization have followed interconnected pathways throughout history. In an urban era where cities concentrate the world’s population and economic activity, industrial hubs development will be inextricably associated with urban dynamics. Cities offer specific advantages that enable industrial productivity, but this is differentiated across the urban system. This chapter reviews the relationship between cities and industrialization, with a specific focus on the role of national urban systems in industrial hubs development. In doing so, it makes a case for a focus on cities and urban systems as key determinants of industrial hubs development and outcomes.

Modern Factors of Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
В. Бабанов ◽  
V. Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Central Place ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Integral Effect ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Traditional Economy ◽  
Main Factor

The economy as an economic system is under continuous influence of numerous internal and external factors; it is the integral effect of these factors on the processes of economic activity; the Central place in the economy belongs to the processes of production, distribution and consumption of produced and traded in this system are good; the behavior of the consumer depends on many factors, but the main factor here is the utility of the consumed good; new factors that should be considered as problems on the way to economic development are becoming more and more evident; the first of these factors is the transformation of the traditional economy into a digital one; the organization of people’s activities is becoming an increasingly acute problem; the role of man in the key areas of the economy today: production, circulation, consumption — will weaken.

scholarly journals An assessment of the business impacts of the UK’s Enterprise Capital Funds

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1556-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Baldock
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Scheme Evaluation

Recent European studies present persistently critical views of the under performance of government-backed venture capital (GVC) schemes when compared to their private sector counterparts. However, they assess the performance of outmoded funding models and fail to contextualise the economic development role of these schemes. This paper provides a contemporary assessment of the business impacts of the UK government’s flagship Enterprise Capital Funds VC scheme in addressing the sub-£2 m equity finance gap facing young potential high-growth businesses requiring investments. Supply and demand-side evidence is presented from interviews with ECF fund managers, alternative private VCs, industry experts and surveys of successful and unsuccessful scheme applicants. We find that, despite the limitations of mid-scheme evaluation, Enterprise Capital Funds are addressing the UK equity gap and delivering business employment, revenue and innovation impacts. However, further progress is required in order to achieve optimal business exits and sustainable early stage private VC system impacts.

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