scholarly journals Prospects for bringing countries to international responsibility for the spread of mass diseases (on the example of the People’s Republic of China and COVID-19 pandemic)

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Kira L'vovna Sazonova
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Chinese Province ◽  
International Responsibility ◽  
Foreign Expert ◽  
Expert Community ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic, which commenced in 2020 and continues into 2021, called on the world re-evaluate many ordinary phenomena, including the impact on the international law, and namely international responsibility. The unprecedented scale of the problem, worldwide lockdown, as well as global deceleration of virtually all processes have led the experts, politicians and regular persons to seek the answer the question of whether anyone should be held responsible for what has happened. This article dwells on whether it is possible to bring the country to international responsibility for the spread of a mass disease relying on the theoretical and practical aspects of the branch of international responsibility. Unlike the foreign expert community with a dynamic discussion of implementation of responsibility for the pandemic, the Russian doctrine has not conducted similar analysis. Certain public political figures openly blamed China for the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, referring to the fact that it originated in the Chinese province Wuhan. The United States have initiated lawsuits against China and Chinese government over the pandemic. It is of utmost importance to analyze the legitimacy of such articulation of the question is, and what the evidence base should be in such cases. In this regard, the analysis of the theoretical prerequisites and feasibility for bringing the countries to international responsibility for the spread of mass diseases have a crucial scientific and practical significance.

ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP OF THE STRATEGIC TRIANGLE COUNTRIES RUSSIAN FEDERATION – PRC – USA. Part 3: Economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
D. V. GORDIENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the economic relations of the countries of the strategic triangle Russia – China – the United States. An approach to the analysis of trade and investment cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, which determines the interdependence of the national economies of these countries, is proposed. This allows us to give a forecast of the development of economic relations between the countries of the strategic triangle. The results of the analysis can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. The conclusion is made: the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China are important economic partners for each other.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions for Informal Caregivers of People With Dementia: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. e363-e379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca N Collins ◽  
Naoko Kishita
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives The application of mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) for informal caregivers of people with dementia (PwD) is relatively novel, and the current state of the evidence base is unclear. This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of MABIs on reducing symptoms of depression and burden in informal caregivers of PwD. The quality of included studies was evaluated and moderator variables explored. Research Design and Methods A literature search of six electronic databases (PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, MEDLINE Complete, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and ProQuest) was conducted from the first available date to 20 December 2016. Inclusion criteria involved studies that quantitatively investigated the impact of MABIs on depression and/or burden in informal caregivers of PwD. Results Twelve studies, providing data on 321 caregivers, were included. Most used mindfulness-based stress reduction and were conducted in the United States. The average attrition among participants was 15.83%. The pre–post effect of MABIs was large for depression and moderate for burden. These effects were largely maintained at follow-up. Significant heterogeneity of effect sizes was observed, with no significant moderators identified. Study quality varied from very poor to moderately good. Discussion and Implications The low attrition and moderate to large effects suggest that MABIs are acceptable and beneficial for informal caregivers of PwD. The lack of significant moderators could advocate services using more cost-effective forms of MABIs. Further higher-quality research is needed to improve the robustness of the evidence base and enable a meta-analysis to thoroughly examine and quantify moderator variables.

China’s Brain Gain?: Attitudes and Future Plans of Overseas Chinese Students in the US

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationalist Sentiment ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Intention To Return ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future Plans

AbstractThe largest group of foreign students currently in the United States comes from the People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to a 1993 UC Berkeley survey (Zweig and Chen 1995), 33% of the Chinese students were planning to eventually return home. However in the past decade this percentage appears to be increasing. This article uses results from surveys conducted in 2001 and 2005 of Chinese students enrolled at American universities to show that the intention to return home after graduation is indeed rising. Based on logistic regression analysis, the cause behind this rise is shown to be largely driven by the economic opportunities back home, although nationalist sentiment driven by the desire to give back to their homeland is also a prominent factor. The impact of 9/11 on US visa and employment policies was shown to have little effect on Chinese students’ post-graduate plans.

The Case for Recognizing Peking Now—or in 1992

Worldview ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Gerald F. Hyman
Keyword(s):  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The United States ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
General Question ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

If Secretary of State Vance's “exploratory” trip to China proved nothing else, it demonstrated once again that because our relations with Taiwan are the main obstacles to recognizing the People's Republic of China, it is Taiwan, not mainland China, that poses the main problem for American foreign policy in Asia. To a man the Chinese reiterated their conditions for establishing relations: abrogate the Mutual Defense Treaty of 1954; break diplomatic relations with Taiwan; and withdraw the American military personnel from the island. With respect to the general question of Taiwan, they all referred back to the PRC section of the Shanghai Communique (published jointly with our own):The Taiwan question is the crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations between China and the United States; the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government of China; Taiwan is a province of China which has long been returned to the motherland; the liberation of Taiwan is China's internal affair in which no other country has the right to interfere; and all U.S. forces and military installations must be withdrawn from Taiwan. The Chinese Government firmly opposes any activities which aim at the creation of “one China, two governments,” “two Chinas” and “independent Taiwan” or advocate that “the status of Taiwan remains to be determined” [The “Shanghai Communique,” February 27, 1972].

THE INFLUENCE OF THE AMERICAN-CHINESE CONFRONTATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL INTERESTS OF RUSSIA. PART 3: IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL INTERESTS OF RUSSIA ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE AMERICAN-CHINESE CONFRONTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Gordienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

With the intensification of the struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the task of realizing its own national interests is becoming especially urgent for Russia. The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the prospects for the realization of the national interests of the Russian Federation in the context of an aggravated struggle for leadership between the United States and China. The paper proposes an approach to the analysis and studies the prospects for the realization of the national interests of the Russian Federation in the context of an aggravated struggle for leadership between the United States and China, which determine the interdependence of the countries of the "strategic triangle" Russia-China-USA. The proposed approach to assessing these prospects allows us to forecast the develop-ment of relations between the countries of the "strategic triangle". The results of the analysis can be used to substantiate recommendations for the leadership of our coun-try. It is concluded that the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China and the United States of America are important partners for each other.

CHINA'S VIEWS ON THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE XXI CENTURY: USA AND RUSSIA IN PRC FOREIGN POLICY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-176
Author(s):  
D. V. GORDIENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Community Concept ◽  
Common Destiny ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

China's views on the system of international relations in the XXI century. are undergoing significant changes. The PRC is close to entering the stage of transformation into a superpower. The concept of a Community of Shared Destiny for Humanity describes China's “new” approach to international relations, which replaces the outdated model. The purpose of this article is to assess the possible consequences of the implementation of the Community Concept of the common destiny of mankind for the system of international relations in the XNUMXst century. and analysis of the national security of the People's Republic of China, the United States of America and the Russian Federation. As a result, an approach to such an assessment and consideration of changes in the policy of the states of the Russia-China-USA "strategic triangle" is proposed, which allows identifying the policy priorities of China, the USA and Russia in various regions of the world. The results of assessing the impact of the possible consequences of the implementation of the Concept of the Community of the common destiny of mankind on the system of international relations in the XXI century. can be used to substantiate recommendations to the military-political leadership of our country. It is concluded that China's views on the system of international relations in the XXI century. are of great importance for the implementation of the current economic and military policy of this country.

The Cabal in Kabul: Great-Power Interaction in Afghanistan

1977 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 468-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen F. Dil
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Action ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The July 17, 1973 coup serves as a case study of the nature and extent of great-power interest and involvement in Afghanistan. The dynamics of American, Soviet, and Chinese interaction are multifaceted and volatile, and imply that no one great power had outright control. Thus, this treatment concerns influence rather than control, and multilateral interaction rather than unilateral or bilateral action. The differing interests of the great powers in Afghanistan are outlined. Next, the possibility of great-power involvement in the coup is examined. Finally, the impact of the coup upon Afghanistan's relations with the three great powers is considered. Available material suggests that neither the United States nor the People's Republic of China had sufficient interest or influence to instigate the coup. Nor is there any concrete evidence that the Soviet Union played a significant role, although it did have the opportunity, influence, and interests to do so.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Characteristics of Plastic Surgery Cases in Simpang Lima Gumul General Hospital, Kediri Regency During Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Nathania Carolina Wirawan ◽  
Eko Herihadi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Case ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Impact

Backgrounds: Chinese Government found the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The pandemic impacts the number of visits to plastic surgery clinics in many countries such as Italy and the United States following surgical limitations. This study was aimed to determine the impact of the pandemic on the field of Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery in Indonesia, particularly in Kediri Regency, East Java.Methods: The study design was an analytical cross-sectional study, using data obtained from the medical records of plastic surgery patients at SLG General Hospital in Kediri Regency. The data analysis included descriptive analysis and dummy regression analysis.Results: This study included a total of 29 observations, 14 before the pandemic era and 15 during the pandemic, with a total of 460 individuals from various diagnostic categories. Based on the findings, the number of patients diagnosed with Congenital Disorders, Skin, and Soft Tissue, and Aesthetic Surgery dropped by 7%, 2%, and 6%, respectively. Meanwhile, there was an increased number of patients with Maxillofacial, Burn and Wound Care, and Hand and Microsurgery by 5%, 4%, and 1%, respectively. Conclusions: The average number of patient visits for the Skin and Soft Tissue, Burn and Wound Care, and Hand and Microsurgery categories did not vary much during this pandemic.

scholarly journals “EVERY GENERATION HAS ITS SHERLOCK”: THE CHARACTER’S IMAGE IN THE FILM ADAPTATIONS OF STORIES BY A. CONAN DOYLE ABOUT SHERLOCK HOLMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
BELLA A. BULGAROVA ◽  
◽  
ALEXEY YU. OVCHARENKO ◽  
VICTOR V. BARABASH ◽  
JULIA А. VOROPAEVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Film Adaptations ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Archetypal Images

The article covers the problem of the protagonist’s image portrayal in modern cinema on the example of the three most recent film adaptations based on works by Conan Doyle. The relevance of this scientific issue is explained by the fact that the peculiarities of representing the character in modern cinema partly reflect the state of society itself, its social problems, phobias and neuroses. Cinematography, like no other type of contemporary art, has broad opportunities to embody almost any character in three-dimensional reality, which imposes a certain social responsibility for the results of the main characters’ portrayal. The appeal to the archetypal images of world literature implies not only the openness of improvisation, but also the preservation of the character’s social function. The article analyzes the representation of one of such archetypal images of world significance—Sherlock Holmes. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and general scientific methods, and also includes special methods: content analysis of scientific literature related to the topic; the method of sociological survey (questionnaire survey), the method of statistical analysis. The empirical study, the results of which are presented in this article, is based on three screen adaptations of the Sherlock Holmes stories, produced in the 2000s in Great Britain, Russia and the United States. The study involved 150 respondents, whose answers were converted from a qualitative to a quantitative format to analyze the specifics of the representation of the main character (the protagonist). The authors of the article came to the following conclusions: in modern film adaptations the protagonist is portrayed not as a genius of the scientific method of thinking, but as a sociopath who is unable to interact with society without an intermediary (a companion character). Moreover, modern screen adaptations violate the archetypal image itself due to improvisations with the static characteristics of the character, which leads to a negative perception of such a character by the audience. The very strengthening of sociopathic features of the protagonist’s character, shifting the emphasis from the idea of higher justice, from eternal values to private motives, lead to a certain simplification of the character, and also serve as an indicator of the state of society itself. The theoretical significance of the research is determined by the fact that this article offers original criteria developed by the authors to analyze the representation of the character. The practical significance of the article is backed by the conclusions and results of the study, which can be used for further work to identify the impact of characters’ representations on shaping value orientations in modern society.

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