scholarly journals Managing raptors to reduce wildlife strikes at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig K. Pullins ◽  
Travis L. Guerrant ◽  
Scott F. Beckerman ◽  
Brian E. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wildlife Damage Management ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
The Cost

Nationally, wildlife-aircraft collisions (wildlife strikes) have been increasing over the past 25 years; denoted in the National Wildlife Strike Database that has been maintained by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) since 1990. Increasing wildlife populations and air traffic coupled with quieter, faster aircraft create a significant risk to aviation safety; the cost to the civil aviation industry is an estimated $937 million dollars annually. USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services (WS) provides technical and direct assistance to over 850 airports and airbases around the United States, including Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport (ORD). At ORD, raptors are one of the most commonly struck bird guild and accounted for at least 25% of damaging strikes from 2010-2013. An Integrated Wildlife Damage Management (IWDM) program is implemented at ORD to reduce the presence of wildlife on the airfield, consequently lowering the risk of wildlife strikes. Professional airport wildlife biologists at ORD concentrate much of their efforts on raptor management due to the high strike risk these birds pose to aircraft on the airfield itself. A variety of techniques are currently used to manage raptor populations at ORD. Concurrently, research is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the Red-tailed Hawk relocation program at the airport, as well as to assess their movements within the airfield environment.

scholarly journals Managing raptors to reduce wildlife strikes at Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig K. Pullins ◽  
Travis L. Guerrant ◽  
Scott F. Beckerman ◽  
Brian E. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wildlife Damage Management ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
The Cost

Nationally, wildlife-aircraft collisions (wildlife strikes) have been increasing over the past 25 years; denoted in the National Wildlife Strike Database that has been maintained by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) since 1990. Increasing wildlife populations and air traffic coupled with quieter, faster aircraft create a significant risk to aviation safety; the cost to the civil aviation industry is an estimated $937 million dollars annually. USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services (WS) provides technical and direct assistance to over 850 airports and airbases around the United States, including Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport (ORD). At ORD, raptors are one of the most commonly struck bird guild and accounted for at least 25% of damaging strikes from 2010-2013. An Integrated Wildlife Damage Management (IWDM) program is implemented at ORD to reduce the presence of wildlife on the airfield, consequently lowering the risk of wildlife strikes. Professional airport wildlife biologists at ORD concentrate much of their efforts on raptor management due to the high strike risk these birds pose to aircraft on the airfield itself. A variety of techniques are currently used to manage raptor populations at ORD. Concurrently, research is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the Red-tailed Hawk relocation program at the airport, as well as to assess their movements within the airfield environment.

scholarly journals Modelling of the Impact of National Standardization on Duopolistic Competition in the Civil Aircraft Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-873
Author(s):  
E. V. Varyukhina ◽  
◽  
V. V. Klochkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Competition ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Equilibrium Degree ◽  
Aviation Noise ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Civil Aircraft ◽  
Zero Sum ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to analyze standards as one of the main tools of protectionism in global markets of industrial goods. We use standards for modeling of market competition and adapt this approach for civil aviation markets. The role of local noise standards in civil aircraft markets is discussed. Imposition of more stringent aviation noise standards is modelled in the form of a two-person non-zero-sum game. Players are aircraft corporations that conduct research and development to reduce noise and lobby for stricter regulations in their controlled markets. The model can be used to predict that tighter aviation noise standards will be imposed and to justify the strategy of Russian aviation industry and science. The proposed approach can be adapted for other industries with strict regulations (in terms of safety, ecology). Such estimation allows us to assess whether it is in the country’s interests to participate in the standards race or not. It is shown that the equilibrium degree of standards tightening is higher if the players’ market shares are close to equal or individual players have advantages in the cost of production and/or product improvement is highly likely due to the company’s R&D progress.

scholarly journals Oliver Tambo International Airport, South Africa: Land-Use Conflicts Between Airports and Wildlife Habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance Robinson ◽  
Kevin Mearns ◽  
Tracey McKay
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Passenger Safety ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Kernel Density Analysis

Airports stimulate tourism and trade and are a vital link in any country’s tourism infrastructure and economy. Large airports such as South Africa’s busiest airport, the OR Tambo International Airport, in Ekurhuleni, Gauteng, are usually located on the periphery of cities, usually on land that forms part of the peri-urban economy, reserved perhaps for farming or left undeveloped. As a result, such land often becomes a wildlife haven within the more “urbanized” or developed areas. Unfortunately, this places wildlife, especially birds on a collision course with aircraft. So much so that bird and other animal strikes cost the aviation industry millions of US dollars annually. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the number of wildlife strikes, not only lower the risk of damage to aircraft, increase passenger safety and reduce operational delays, but also prevent a decline in local wildlife populations. Thus, this paper argues that South Africa must improve its management of land-use close to airports to minimize the potential for wildlife strikes. In that regard, this study catalogs the different habitats and land-use types surrounding OR Tambo International Airport, identifying potential bird hazard zones using kernel density analysis. This identifies which areas pose the highest risk of bird strikes. Although land-use and land zoning by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommends a 13 km buffer zone around airports, this study shows that land-use in the buffer zone must also take potential bird strikes into account. Thus, airport operators need to work with land-use planning authorities and neighboring stakeholders to do so.

scholarly journals Energy Squad

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (05) ◽  
pp. 36-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Winters
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
High Standard ◽  
The United States ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Small Manufacturers

This article focuses on the fact that even as energy and commodity cost increases, working efficiently has been made a bigger priority than ever for small manufacturers, wherein the power consumption is being scaled back. The share of the United States’ energy supply going to industry has dropped steadily over the past few decades. Returns on energy-saving investments are pretty good, but proposals for making those sorts of investments are often held to an incredibly high standard. The recommendations that are most often adopted, such as reducing the temperature of water used in a process or repairing leaks in lines and valves, pay back the initial investment in a couple of months. While energy costs can be cut significantly—even easily—it is an expense that many managers find easy to overlook. For most manufacturers, the cost of energy accounts for just a small percentage of their overall expenses.

scholarly journals Occupational Injuries among Latino/a Immigrant Cattle Feedyard Workers in the Central States Region of the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8821
Author(s):  
Athena K. Ramos ◽  
Suraj Adhikari ◽  
Aaron M. Yoder ◽  
Risto H. Rautiainen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Latino Immigrant

Agriculture is a dangerous industry with high rates of occupational injuries. Immigrants comprise the majority of the hired agricultural workforce in the United States, and these workers may be at a higher risk for job-related injuries. This study addressed the frequency, characteristics, and risk factors of occupational injuries among Latino immigrant cattle feedyard workers. Data were collected through structured interviews with Latino immigrant cattle feedyard workers in Kansas and Nebraska (n = 243; 90.9% male). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to identify risk factors for injury. Nearly three-fourths of participants (71.2%) reported having experienced one or more injuries in the past while working on a cattle feedyard. The most frequent types of reported injuries, including those not requiring medical care, were bruises/contusions (40%), cuts/lacerations (21%), and sprains/strains (12%). These injuries were mainly caused by animals/livestock (33%), chemicals (23%), falls (12%), and tools (9%). Significant risk factors for injury included male gender (OR 5.9), being over age 35 (OR 2.6), working on a large or an extra-large feedyard (OR 5.4), having 11 or more employees on the feedyard (OR 3.6), and working more than eight hours a day (OR 4.7). Having received safety training was also associated with greater risk of injury in a univariable model (OR 2.6). Cattle feedyard workers are at high risk for injury and require more effective preventive measures.

scholarly journals How to Allocate the Allowance for the Aviation Industry in China’s Emissions Trading System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Bao-Jun Tang ◽  
Yu-Jie Hu
Keyword(s):  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Trading System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control ◽  
Emissions Trading System

In order to combat climate change and control emissions in the aviation industry, it is necessary to research the aviation industry’s potential application of China’s Emissions Trading System (ETS), especially the carbon allowance allocation (CAA). On the basis of historical and benchmarking CAA schemes, considering the responsibility, capacity, and potential of firms, this study proposes the indicators CAA (ICAA) scheme. Moreover, considering firms’ costs, this study also proposes a multi-objective CAA (MCAA) scheme. Finally, the most effective scheme is reported. Results show that under ICAA and MCAA, caps are lower and basically consistent with the emissions reduction target of the “13th Five-Year Plan Work Program for Controlling GHG Emissions of Civil Aviation in China” and international goals. Different types of airlines gain different quotas according to their income and the number and age of their aircraft. The cost of reducing emissions in each scheme is less than 0.35% of their total costs. Under the ICAA-S, ICAA-P, and MCAA schemes, airlines can achieve a reduction in emissions of 19.7%, 20.9%, and 19.6%, respectively. Moreover, under MCAA, the difference in quotas between airlines is smaller. Therefore, of the schemes evaluated, MCAA is the most effective.

Analysis of artificial neural networks training models for airfare price prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Kuptsova E.A. ◽  
◽  
Ramazanov S.K. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Regression Tree Model

Air transport is playing an increasing role in the world economy every year. This is facilitated by technological development and the latest developments in the aviation industry, globalization. This paper provides an overview of artificial neural network training methods for airfare predicting. The articles for 2017-2019 were analyzed in order to determine the model with the most accurate prediction. The researchers conducted research on open data collected by themselves and set themselves the goal of creating a model that would advise a user the best time to buy a ticket when the price would be the lowest. The review of the papers by similar themes revealed that the Bagging Regression Tree model has the highest results with an accuracy of 88% and the random forest method has an accuracy of 87%. Civil aviation plays an important role in the economy of each country. Aviation is the best way to cover long distances in comfort in the shortest time. Airlines offer customers a variety of opportunities to travel both within the country and abroad. The main problem of interaction between airlines and customers is the airfare: the former want to sell more at the higher price, and the latter want to buy cheaper. Therefore, companies use their own private algorithms for dynamic pricing and constantly monitor the market situation, responsive to changes in demand and the actions of competitors. This behavior allows them to achieve a balance between the desires of airlines and customers. Scientists are trying to invent a way to predict airfare so that air travelers can buy them at the lowest price. The results of the work in this area provide general rules for the best purchase. For example, according to the article (Udachny, 2016) thebest day to buy a ticket by expedia.com for a domestic flight on the United States is Sunday, and the best period is 57 days before departure. This article provides an overview of the works, the authors of which compared the models of machine learning. Achievements in this area are limited to direct flights of a certain domestic market (USA, India) and 88% accuracy of the forecast (Tziridis et al., 2017). The Bagging Regression Tree model described in the article (Tziridis et al., 2017) can be considered the best result. This trained model can make predictions based only on two parameters: the number of free cargo and the number of days left before departure and has an accuracy of 88%.

European Civil Aviation Safety Regulation—an Update of the Joint Aviation Authorities

1995 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
R Ashford
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Safety Regulation ◽  
Airline Safety ◽  
Safety Regulations

The paper reviews airline safety in recent years and argues the case for a need to ensure a continuing improving trend. The role of the European Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) is described and the need for the JAA and the United States agency, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), to harmonize their safety regulations is explained. The approach to new technology and the case for the application of some of the latest requirements to derivative' aircraft are discussed. Some recent controversial issues related to new technology are described and general conclusions drawn.

US Satellite Navigation Program Status

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
Carl McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Satellite Navigation ◽  
Local Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
National Airspace System ◽  
Local Area Augmentation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Navigation Program ◽  
Wide Area Augmentation System

This, and the following paper, were first presented during the European GNSS98 Symposium held at the Centre de Congrès Pierre Baudis, Toulouse, France, from 20 to 23 October 1998; however, both authors have provided updated scripts for use in this Volume of the Journal.This paper provides an update of the development and implementation of the United States of America Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) and Local Area Augmentation Systems (LAAS). It also addresses FAA efforts to implement these satellite navigation technologies into the US National Airspace System (NAS), as well as interoperability efforts concerning Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) between the FAA and other worldwide Civil Aviation Authorities.

Effects of Carbon Trading on Operating Costs of the Civil Aviation Industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 889-893
Author(s):  
Li Teh Lu ◽  
Tai Yi Yu ◽  
Yu Jie Chang ◽  
Che Ri E Lu
Keyword(s):  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Service Vehicles ◽  
Existing Data

This study investigates carbon emission inventory from the local civil aviation industrys aircrafts, airport ground service vehicles and power consumption within an airport. With the existing data of five years, the operating costs probably added into civil aviation industrys operating costs are estimated and sensitivity of six variables are evaluated with Monde Carlo simulations herein to construct a basis for the policy of carbon trading. The dominant two factors contributing to variation in the cost of carbon trading per takeoff & landing at the Taoyuan Airport and the Taipei Airport are carbon price (71.1%) and number of takeoffs & landings (14.4%) as well as number of takeoffs & landings (38.7%) and carbon price (35.3%), respectively.

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