Structuring ENIAC

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Haigh ◽  
Mark Priestley ◽  
Crispin Rope
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Automatic Computation ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Nested Loops ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Distinct Approach ◽  
Conditional Branch ◽  
Design And Construction

This chapter explores the development of ENIAC’s overall architecture and control method. This was shaped, to a degree that has not previously been recognized, by an early and very detailed exploration led by Arthur W. Burks of how the machine could be “set up” to calculate shell trajectories, the task for which it was commissioned. Programming ENIAC was not, as has often been asserted, an “afterthought” to its design and construction. Discussion is focused in particular on the development of its master programmer unit, used to control sets of nested loops. Although it is widely believed that the ability to change the course of a computation based on results so far obtained (later be conceptualized as a conditional branch) was added to ENIAC late in its development, we show that this capability was planned for early on and that its eventual implementation as a capability of the master programmer reflected a distinct approach to the structuring of automatic computation shaped by the team’s work on the trajectory computation problem.

scholarly journals Development of a New Automated Assay for Measurement of the Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor Edoxaban Plasma Concentration

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 2870-2870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Herve ◽  
Sandra Beaufils ◽  
Jarema Kochan ◽  
Ling He ◽  
Francois Depasse
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Test Set ◽  
Control Sets ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Set Up ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
And Control

Abstract Edoxaban is a reversible orally active factor Xa inhibitor approved in Japan for Venous ThromboEmbolism (VTE) prophylaxis in major orthopedic surgery and submitted for approval in multiple markets for Stroke Prevention in non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF) and VTE treatment and recurrence prevention. Although routine monitoring is not required, determination of anti-Xa activity with results expressed in edoxaban plasma concentration may be helpful in some special clinical settings such as urgent invasive procedures or in cases of bleeding. We have developed a specific, automated, user-friendly assay for measuring plasma edoxaban-related anti-Xa activity using the STA® Liquid Anti-Xa with an edoxaban dedicated test set-up, along with specific edoxaban calibrator and control sets, namely STA® Edoxaban Calibrator and STA® Edoxaban Control, on the STA® line analyzers. These calibrator and control sets are freeze-dried in vitro edoxaban spiked citrated plasmas. Test results are expressed in ng/mL of edoxaban. Assay performances including Limit of Blank (LOB), Lower Limit of Detection (LLOD) both according to CLSI EP-17-A guideline, Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ), Upper Limit of Quantification (ULOQ) according to CLSI EP6-A guideline, with and without automated re-dilution of plasma sample, and within and between-run reproducibility have been determined. Anti-Xa assay results were compared to those obtained with Mass Spectrometry Liquid Chromatography (LC-MS) reference method to evaluate assay recovery. All study assays were performed using freeze-dried of frozen in vitro edoxaban-spiked citrated plasma samples. Main potential interferences, i.e., hemoglobin, non-conjugated bilirubin, and lipemia, have been assessed. Assay performance results are summarized in Table I. Table I: Main Edoxaban assay performances as determined during test development Parameter Results obtained with prototype reagent batch and test set-up LOB 10 ng/mL LLOD 15 ng/mL LLOQ (preliminary estimation) 20 ng/mL ULOQ Without sample re-dilution 150 ng/mL With sample re-dilution 450 ng/mL Reproducibility Within run (n = 21) Freeze-dried controls 40 ng/mL ≤ 4.5% 120 ng/mL ≤ 6.0% Frozen spiked samples 50 ng/mL ≤ 7.1% 100 ng/mL ≤ 4.9% 200 ng/mL ≤ 4.3% 350 ng/mL ≤ 4.0% Between run (n = 10) Freeze-dried controls 40 ng/mL ≤ 7.0% 120 ng/mL ≤ 3.6% Frozen spiked samples 50 ng/mL ≤ 5.0% 100 ng/mL ≤ 4.0% 350 ng/mL ≤ 4.6% Recovery(freeze-dried samples) 40 ng/mL 87.4% 120 ng/mL 101.9% Edoxaban calibrator and control stability Calibrators Onboard 4 hours Controls Onboard 24 hours +2 – 8°C 7 days Interferences Hemoglobin None up to 1 g/L Non-conjugated bilirubin None up to 200 µM Lipemia None up to 2.5 g/L (as Intralipid® concentration) In conclusion, the proposed edoxaban assay developed using STA® Liquid Anti-Xa reagent with a dedicated test set-up and specific STA® Edoxaban Calibrator and STA® Edoxaban Control sets allows an accurate, reproducible, automated, and user-friendly, edoxaban plasma concentration determination. Further studies are required to confirm assay performance in ex vivo samples. Disclosures Herve: Diagnostica Stago: Employment. Beaufils:Diagnostica Stago: Employment. Kochan:Daiichi Sankyo: Employment. He:Daiichi Sankyo: Employment. Depasse:Diagnostica Stago: Employment.

Research of High Speed Spindle Control Method Based on Neural Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 1177-1181
Author(s):  
Jie Meng ◽  
Ze Lun Li ◽  
Zhong Liang Lv ◽  
Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Decoupling Method ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Speed Controller ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Neural Network Theory ◽  
And Control

High speed spindle is a multivariable and strong coupling complex system. In order to improve its dynamic response characteristics and control effectively, based on vector control, the high speed spindle needs to be decoupling first. Then neural network theory and BP algorithm are adopted to form a speed controller to adjust the rotational speed. In this controller, gradient searching technique is applied and the proportional and integral parameters are used as weight of neural network which is employed to adjust the corresponding control parameters. Therefore, a new model of high speed spindle is set up and simulated. The result of simulation indicates that the way combine the decoupling method and the speed controller based on neural network can track the rotational speed more accurate and promote the robustness of high speed spindle.

Pittenweem Priory and the conventuality question

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
New Mother ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Pittenweem Priory began life as the caput manor of a daughter-house established on May Island by Cluniac monks from Reading (c. 1140). After its sale to St Andrews (c. 1280), the priory transferred ashore. While retaining its traditional name, the ‘Priory of May (alias Pittenweem)’ was subsumed within the Augustinian priory of St Andrews. Its prior was elected from among the canons of the new mother house, but it was many decades before a resident community of canons was set up in Pittenweem. The traditional view, based principally on the ‘non-conventual’ status of the priory reiterated in fifteenth-century documents, is that there was ‘no resident community’ before the priorship of Andrew Forman (1495–1515). Archaeological evidence in Pittenweem, however, indicates that James Kennedy had embarked on significant development of the priory fifty years earlier. This suggests that, when the term ‘non-conventual’ is used in documents emanating from Kennedy's successors (Graham and Scheves), we should interpret it more as an assertion of superiority and control than as a description of realities in the priory.

Perencanaan Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Pakaian Bayi dengan Metode Six Sigma Pada CV. AGP

JEMAP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albertus Reynaldo Kurniawan ◽  
Bayu Prestianto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Machine Maintenance ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Break Time ◽  
And Control

Quality control becomes an important key for companies in suppressing the number of defective produced products. Six Sigma is a quality control method that aims to minimize defective products to the lowest point or achieve operational performance with a sigma value of 6 with only yielding 3.4 defective products of 1 million product. Stages of Six Sigma method starts from the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) stages that help the company in improving quality and continuous improvement. Based on the results of research on baby clothes products, data in March 2018 the percentage of defective products produced reached 1.4% exceeding 1% tolerance limit, with a Sigma value of 4.14 meaning a possible defect product of 4033.39 opportunities per million products. In the pareto diagram there were 5 types of CTQ (Critical to Quality) such as oblique obras, blobor screen printing, there is a fabric / head cloth code on the final product, hollow fabric / thin fabric fiber, and dirty cloth. The factors caused quality problems such as Manpower, Materials, Environtment, and Machine. Suggestion for consideration of company improvement was continuous improvement on every existing quality problem like in Manpower factor namely improving comprehension, awareness of employees in producing quality product and improve employee's accuracy, Strength Quality Control and give break time. Materials by making the method of cutting the fabric head, the Machine by scheduling machine maintenance and the provision of needle containers at each employees desk sewing and better environtment by installing exhaust fan and renovating the production room.

An Efficient Approach for Modeling and Control of a Quadrotor

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Khusheef
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Close Loop Control ◽  
Close Loop Control System ◽  
Made In

 A quadrotor is a four-rotor aircraft capable of vertical take-off and landing, hovering, forward flight, and having great maneuverability. Its platform can be made in a small size make it convenient for indoor applications as well as for outdoor uses. In model there are four input forces that are essentially the thrust provided by each propeller attached to each motor with a fixed angle. The quadrotor is basically considered an unstable system because of the aerodynamic effects; consequently, a close-loop control system is required to achieve stability and autonomy. Such system must enable the quadrotor to reach the desired attitude as fast as possible without any steady state error. In this paper, an optimal controller is designed based on a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control method to obtain stability in flying the quadrotor. The dynamic model of this vehicle will be also explained by using Euler-Newton method. The mechanical design was performed along with the design of the controlling algorithm. Matlab Simulink was used to test and analyze the performance of the proposed control strategy. The experimental results on the quadrotor demonstrated the effectiveness of the methodology used.

Application Study on Finger Joint Motion in Rehabilitation Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 879-883
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Continuous Passive Motion ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Angle Data ◽  
Finger Flexion ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flexion And Extension

In various forms of movement of finger rehabilitation training, Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) of single degree of freedom (1 DOF) has outstanding application value. Taking classic flexion and extension movement for instance, this study collected the joint angle data of finger flexion and extension motion by experiments and confirmed that the joint motion of finger are not independent of each other but there is certain rule. This paper studies the finger joint movement rule from qualitative and quantitative aspects, and the conclusion can guide the design of the mechanism and control method of finger rehabilitation training robot.

scholarly journals Research on a Novel Vascular Interventional Surgery Robot and Control Method Based on Precise Delivery

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 26568-26582
Author(s):  
Hongbo Wang ◽  
Jingyuan Chang ◽  
Haoyang Yu ◽  
Haiyang Liu ◽  
Chao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Vascular Interventional Surgery ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Optimization of a Small Wind Power Plant for Annual Wind Speed Distribution

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wrobel ◽  
Krzysztof Tomczewski ◽  
Artur Sliwinski ◽  
Andrzej Tomczewski
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Wind Power Plant ◽  
Switched Reluctance ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wind Speed Distribution ◽  
And Control

This article presents a method to adjust the elements of a small wind power plant to the wind speed characterized by the highest annual level of energy. Tests were carried out on the basis of annual wind distributions at three locations. The standard range of wind speeds was reduced to that resulting from the annual wind speed distributions in these locations. The construction of the generators and the method of their excitation were adapted to the characteristics of the turbines. The results obtained for the designed power plants were compared with those obtained for a power plant with a commercial turbine adapted to a wind speed of 10 mps. The generator structure and control method were optimized using a genetic algorithm in the MATLAB program (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA); magnetostatic calculations were carried out using the FEMM program; the simulations were conducted using a proprietary simulation program. The simulation results were verified by measurement for a switched reluctance machine of the same voltage, power, and design. Finally, the yields of the designed generators in various locations were determined.

scholarly journals Infection Prevention Considerations for a Multi-Mission Convention Center Field Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Jones ◽  
Zishan K. Siddiqui ◽  
Charles Callahan ◽  
Surbhi Leekha ◽  
Sharon Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
First Case ◽  
Convention Center ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control

Abstract The state of Maryland identified its first case of COVID-19 on March 5, 2020. The Baltimore Convention Center (BCCFH) quickly became a selected location to set up a 250-bed inpatient Field Hospital and Alternate Care Site. In contrast to other field hospitals throughout the United States, the BCCFH remained open throughout the pandemic and took on additional COVID-19 missions, including community SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing, monoclonal antibody infusions for COVID-19 outpatients, and community COVID-19 vaccinations. At the time of publication, the BCCFH had cared for 1,478 COVID-19 inpatients, performed 108,155 COVID-19 tests, infused 2,166 COVID-19 patients, and administered 115,169 doses of COVID-19 vaccine. To prevent the spread of pathogens during operations, infection prevention and control guidelines were essential to ensure the safety of staff and patients. Through multi-agency collaboration, utilization of infection prevention best practices, and answering what we describe as “PPE-ESP”, an operational framework was established to reduce infection risks for those providing or receiving care at the BCCFH during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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