scholarly journals Multilingualism in Scholarly Communication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delfim Leão
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
Translation Service ◽  
Work Done

The results of the study and the survey conducted on behalf of the OPERAS-P project (Task “Innovative Models of Bibliodiversity in Scholarly Publications”) were concluded in June 2021 and sought to achieve the following objectives: to prepare a theoretical background to discuss the use of multilingualism in scholarly communication; to identify, analyse, and understand the innovative dynamics of working practices and knowledge-sharing within linguistically diverse scholarly contexts and research networks; to identify and analyse the motivations behind these practices (questionnaires/focus groups – how tools may answer to needs); to formulate recommendations/guidelines for OPERAS and other stakeholders regarding the future implementation of a service aimed at enhancing multilingualism; to prepare the conceptual design of a platform prototype for a shared translation service at the scholarly communication level (involving publishers, translators, and researchers). This presentation approaches the most important stages of the work done, as well as the main findings and the challenges they pose for future developments and their implementation.

scholarly journals Concepts and new perspectives for long span bridges

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-97
Author(s):  
Fabio Brancaleoni
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Present State ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Span Length ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Span Bridges ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Long Span ◽  
The Subject

AbstractA discussion of the dominant factors affecting the behaviour of long span cable supported bridges is the subject of this paper. The main issue is the evolution of properties and response of the bridge with the size of the structure, represented by the critical parameter of span length, showing how this affects the conceptual design. After a review of the present state of the art, perspectives for future developments are discussed.

scholarly journals Über die Situation der Jungwissenschaftlerinnen und -wissenschaftler in der Psychologie in Österreich

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob C. Bergmann ◽  
Hanna M. Mües ◽  
Jochen Mosbacher ◽  
Lisa V. Eckerstorfer ◽  
Ulrich Pomper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Young Scientist ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Work Done ◽  
High Work

Theoretical Background: Uncertainty with respect to professional prospects, a challenging work-life-balance and health problems as well as moderate to high work satisfaction are associated with being a young scientist. This paper aims to investigate the working conditions, job satisfaction, and strain of early stage researchers working in the field of psychology in Austria. To date, no systematic investigations have examined the working situations of these individuals.Methods: A total of 97 early stage researchers – 64 praedocs (66% female; M Age = 29.84 years, SD Age = 4.00 years), and 33 postdocs (55% female, M Age = 33.39 years, SD Age = 3.41 years) – participated in an online survey.Results: The results reveal that both groups report highly demanding working conditions (e.g. uncertain career paths due to temporary work contracts, high number of additional hours of work done outside the contractual work hours), moderate to high levels of work satisfaction and moderate to low strain.Conclusion: A considerable number of potential areas for improvement become apparent. However, due to the small sample size, the representativeness as well as generalizability of the results are limited. Based on the results of this survey, possible measures to improve the current situation are presented. This article provides guidance for potential future early stage researchers.

scholarly journals Several Factors of Library Publishing Services Facilitate Scholarly Communication Functions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Leslie Bussert
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Digital Publishing ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Research Libraries ◽  
Facilitating Factors ◽  
Publishing Services

Objective – To identify and examine the factors of library publishing services that facilitate scholarly communication. Design – Analysis of library publishing service programs. Setting – North American research libraries. Subjects – Eight research libraries selected from the signatories for the Compact for Open-Access Publishing Equity (COPE) Cornell University Library’s Center for Innovative Publishing; Dartmouth College Library’s Digital Publishing Program and Scholars Portal Project; MIT Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Publishing and Licensing; Columbia University Libraries’ Center for Digital Research and Scholarship; University of Michigan Library’s Scholarly Publishing Office; Duke University Library’s Office of Scholarly Communications; University of Calgary Libraries and Cultural Resources’ Centre for Scholarly Communication; and Simon Fraser University Library’s Scholarly Publishing. Methods – The authors used Roosendaal and Geurt’s (1997) four functions of scholarly communication to analyze and categorize library publishing services provided by libraries included in the study. The four functions of scholarly communication include registration, certification, awareness, and archiving. Main Results – Analysis of the registration functions provided by library publishing services in this study revealed three types of facilitating factors: intellectual property, licensing, and publishing. These include services such as repositories for digital scholarly work and research, ISBN/ISSN registration, and digital publishing. Analysis of archiving functions demonstrated that most programs in the study focus on repository-related services in support of digital content preservation of papers, datasets, technical reports, etc. Analysis of certification functions provided by these services exposed a focus on expert review and research support. These include services like professional assessment of information sources, consultation on appropriate literature and information-seeking tools, and writing or copyright advisory services. Analysis of awareness function showed search aids and knowledge-sharing platforms to be the main facilitating factors. These include services like metadata application, schema, and standards or scholarly portals enabling knowledge-sharing among scholars. Conclusion – This study identified several services offered by these library publishing programs which can be categorized as facilitators under Roosendaal and Geurt’s (1997) four functions of scholarly communication. The majority of the libraries in the study treated library publishing services as part of broader scholarly communication units or initiatives. Digital publishing (registration function) was offered by all programs analyzed in the study, while traditional peer-review services (certification function) were not. Widely adopted among programs in the study were the use of social networking tools (awareness function) and self-publishing (archiving function). The authors recommend developing services that facilitate peer review and assert the need to provide a knowledge-sharing mechanism within the academic community that facilitates the scholarly communication process.

Status of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in Academic Libraries in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Collence Takaingenhamo Chisita ◽  
Rexwhite Tega Enakrire ◽  
Masimba Clyde Muziringa
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Important Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Electronic Theses And Dissertations ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

Globally, electronic thesis and dissertations (ETDs) are deposited within the institutional and national repository portals and related databases. The purpose was to increase visibility of research output, and preserve and manage knowledge sharing among scholars. The growth of ETDs throughout the world has transformed the scholarly communication landscape and Zimbabwe is no exception in this revolution. ETDs are important data sets for research and socio-economic development, such that, their creation, coordination and management in academic institution should not be undermined. The article explores how ETDs have transformed scholarly research through knowledge sharing. The article highlighted the experiences of academic institutions in creating and developing ETD's in Zimbabwe. The study makes recommendations to enhance ETD's culture in academic libraries in Zimbabwe.

Information and Technology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Susskind ◽  
Daniel Susskind
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Initial Focus

In Part I of this book, by reporting on our own research and reflecting on the writings of others, we offer evidence of the changes that the professions are facing. In these opening chapters, however, we do not provide an explanation of why this transformation is taking place. That is our purpose now, in Part II of the book. Our aim is to provide a more general and systematic account of what is going on. We advance a variety of theories and models that explain the evidence we have uncovered and suggest how these may help us predict what is yet to unfold. Our initial focus in this chapter is on what we call the ‘information substructure’ of society, and how this influences the way that human beings have shared practical expertise in the past and are likely to do so in the future. Then we turn to technology, and talk about the worth of making predictions. Our conclusions here help us to identify what we regard as the four most important sets of future developments in technology. In concluding this chapter, we present a fifty-year overview of the changing impact of technology on the professions. This then sets us up for Chapter 5, where we discuss the nature of knowledge, the evolution of professional work, and the models for the production and distribution of practical expertise that will displace the traditional working practices of professionals. In everyday conversation, people often now use the terms ‘technology’ or ‘tech’ more often than ‘information technology’ and ‘IT’. This emphasis on the technical angle is understandable, because the technological accomplishments that underpin our everyday devices are remarkable. The technology can be mesmerizing, both in its power and design, and we justifiably marvel at the genius and ingenuity of those who contribute to its development. But to focus exclusively on the ‘T’ rather than on the ‘I’, to neglect the ‘information’ in our wonder at the ‘technology’, runs the risk of failing to grasp the role and value of information—in our world generally, and especially in the professions.

Language and Culture in Testing

2016 ◽  
pp. 300-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Schwabe ◽  
Alina A. von Davier ◽  
Micheline Chalhoub-Deville
Keyword(s):  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Test Construction ◽  
Language Minority ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
The World ◽  
Work Done

Testing culturally and linguistically diverse populations challenges test developers and test users across the world. In the context of educational and psychological tests, validity and fairness issues associated with developing these tests have increased substantially due to significant changes in the test takers’ demographics. This chapter focuses on four interrelated issues pertaining to language and culture in testing (LCT): test purposes, constructs to be measured, target populations, and test construction and data analysis. All issues are discussed in the light of fairness and validity for test takers from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Special attention is given to language-minority test takers. The chapter combines research results from different perspectives with a special emphasis on work done in the fields of language assessment and psychometrics. Examples of language and educational content assessments are provided and discussed from different perspectives.

scholarly journals Understanding knowledge sharing through the working practices

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Agrifoglio ◽  
Paola Briganti ◽  
Luisa Varriale ◽  
Concetta Metallo ◽  
Maria Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
Interpretative Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Building upon the practice-based framework, this paper aims to focus on working practices for understanding how knowledge is transferred among health-care professionals within hospitals. Design/methodology/approach Using an ethnographic and interpretative approach, the authors conducted preliminary research based on a quali-quantitative methodology within one of the largest hospitals in Southern Italy. Findings This study allowed to achieve several results that could be significant and relevant within the health-care sector. First, this paper identified some of the main working practices and their associated activities in health care. Moreover, this paper identified the main organizational forms and/or tools enabling hospital personnel to share and learn the various types of knowledge for each of the prior identified practices. Practical implications Hospital managers should develop strategies and policies that take into account the nature and typology of knowledge-sharing processes among health-care professionals in terms of practices. Originality/value The paper contributes to practice-based studies identifying identified some of the main working practices, as well as the main tools for sharing and learning of the various types of knowledge.

scholarly journals Social capital and knowledge sharing in tertiary education - The conceptual framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Tu Nguyen Nhat Thy ◽  
Ton Nu Ngoc Han ◽  
Phung Nguyen Thai Binh ◽  
Khong Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Empirical Reality

Numerous technological improvements, especially the Internet, have given rise to social networking, which offers new opportunities for millions of people to enhance not only their communications and businesses but also the process of sharing and exchanging knowledge without spatial and temporal limits. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the knowledge-sharing process among tertiary students that took place through online learning raised controversial questions about how this process is stimulated and whether it enhances students’ academic performance. This study reviews the theoretical background and previous empirical studies to seek the underlying mechanism of the social phenomenon named social capital-driven knowledge-sharing process. The authors conducted a small qualitative study to collect narrative data from three students. Based on the theoretical background and empirical reality, the study proposes a conceptual framework to explain the sequencing relationships among social capital, knowledge-sharing behavior, and learning performance. The study recommends further research to explain this social phenomenon by using the proposed conceptual framework.

Women Returners in the UK IT Industry

2011 ◽  
pp. 1292-1296
Author(s):  
Niki Panteli ◽  
Despina Cochliou ◽  
Evangelia Baralou
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Prospective Students ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
It Workforce ◽  
The Future ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The Uk

IT is a sector that incorporates the newest industries, consisting mainly of young firms and relatively freshly constituted forms of working practices. Despite this, several studies exist to-date that show that opportunities are limited for those women who aspire to have a career in IT. Recent research in the UK has revealed that between 1999 and 2003 the proportion of women in the UK IT workforce fell by almost 50%, from 21% to 12.5%, following steady growth (Platman & Taylor, 2004). The focus of the article is to examine a specific group of female IT staff: women returners. The work presented here explores the factors that often constrain women returners to the IT industry and discusses the findings in relation to the characteristics of the industry; it is part of a bigger study that looks at advancing women in high-tech industries1. If women are not found in positions of influence in the IT industry, one of the most growing industries, then what image is being given to prospective students, their parents and careers advisers? What influence will women have on the future developments within the discipline, hence on the industry itself?

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