Psychological Distress in Norwegian Nurses and Teachers over Nine Years

Psychological distress have been found to be high and influence negatively nurses’ and teachers’ work. In this nine-year project, we present the first longitudinal study comparing psychological distress from 1467 students and young professionals in nursing and teaching. Psychological distress was measured with GHQ 12 at the start and the end of their studies and three and six years after graduation. Both descriptive statistics and estimated models were used to assess psychological distress over time. Psychological distress increased significantly in both groups during education. The reduction of psychological distress was significant among the nurses, and they clearly showed a “healthy worker effect” when coming into clinical work. The teachers had a small and non-significant reduction in the same period and did not show a positive effect after starting pedagogical work.

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One-year longitudinal study of psychological distress and self-assessed health in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029756 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e029756 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adam Viktorisson ◽

Katharina S Sunnerhagen ◽

Dongni Johansson ◽

Johan Herlitz ◽

Åsa Axelsson

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cerebral Performance Category ◽

Young Age ◽

Poor Health ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Self Assessed Health ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽

Over Time

ObjectivesFew studies have investigated the psychological and health-related outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) over time. This longitudinal study aims to evaluate psychological distress in terms of anxiety and depression, self-assessed health and predictors of these outcomes in survivors of OHCA, 3 and 12 months after resuscitation.MethodsRecruitment took place from 2008 to 2011 and survivors of OHCA were identified through the national Swedish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Registry. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, survival ≥12 months and a Cerebral Performance Category score ≤2. Questionnaires containing the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) were administered at 3 and 12 months after the OHCA. Participants were also asked to report treatment-requiring comorbidities.ResultsOf 298 survivors, 85 (29%) were eligible for this study and 74 (25%) responded. Clinically relevant anxiety was reported by 22 survivors at 3 months and by 17 at 12 months, while clinical depression was reported by 10 at 3 months and 4 at 12 months. The mean EQ-5D-3L index value increased from 0.82 (±0.26) to 0.88 (±0.15) over time. There were significantly less symptoms of psychological distress (p=0.01) and better self-assessed health (p=0.003) at 12 months. Treatment-requiring comorbidity predicted anxiety (OR 4.07, p=0.04), while being female and young age predicted poor health (OR 6.33, p=0.04; OR 0.91, p=0.002) at 3 months. At 12 months, being female was linked to anxiety (OR 9.23, p=0.01) and depression (OR 14.78, p=0.002), while young age predicted poor health (OR 0.93, p=0.003).ConclusionThe level of psychological distress and self-assessed health improves among survivors of OHCA between 3 and 12 months after resuscitation. Higher levels of psychological distress can be expected among female survivors and those with comorbidity, while survivors of young age and who are female are at greater risk of poor health.

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Informal caregiving patterns and trajectories of psychological distress in the UK Household Longitudinal Study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291718002222 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (10) ◽

pp. 1652-1660 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rebecca E. Lacey ◽

Anne McMunn ◽

Elizabeth Webb

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Informal Caregivers ◽

Informal Caregiving ◽

Representative Study ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Uk ◽

Over Time

AbstractBackgroundApproximately seven million people in the UK are engaged in informal caregiving. Informal caregivers are at risk of poorer mental and physical health. However, less is known about how the relationship between the informal caregiving and psychological distress changes over time. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal associations between the informal caregiving and psychological distress amongst UK men and women aged 16+.MethodsData were analysed from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS, n = 9368), a nationally representative study of UK households. Longitudinal linear mixed modelling was used to estimate associations between the longitudinal patterns of informal caregiving (non-caregiver/one episode of 1–2 years/intermittent caregiving/3+ years caregiving) and trajectories of psychological distress across seven waves of UKHLS data.ResultsInformal caregiving was not associated with psychological distress for men. Women engaged in long-term (⩾3 years) or intermittent caregiving had higher levels of psychological distress at the point of initiation, compared with women who were not caregivers throughout the study period (3+ years caregiver: regression coefficient 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07–0.89; intermittent caregiver: regression coefficient 0.47, 95% CI 0.02–0.92). Trajectories of psychological distress changed little over time, suggesting a plateau effect for these caregiving women.ConclusionsWomen engaged in long-term or repeated shorter episodes of informal caregiving reported more symptoms of psychological distress than non-caregiving women. Given the increased risk of reporting psychological distress and the increasing importance of the informal care sector, the risk of poorer mental health of informal caregivers should be a priority for public health.

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The psychological distress in students during the COVID-19 crisis: An 8-wave longitudinal study

10.31234/osf.io/vtfxg ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

ANITA VULIĆ-PRTORIĆ ◽

Matea Bodrožić Selak ◽

Paola Sturnela

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Survey Period ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Over Time

The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in psychological distress during initial stage of the coronavirus pandemic in Croatia. The sample consisted of 363 students with an average age of 23.42 years. The results show that students in Croatia reported average levels of depression, anxiety and stress, with no differences in the degree of psychological distress between the pre-pandemic period and the pandemic period. Of the respondents, 19.48%, 28.8% and 22.08% respectively reported moderate to severe depression, anxiety and stress, which remained largely stable during the survey period. All significant differences during the 8-week period show that depression, anxiety and stress generally decrease over time.

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Usage Continuance in Software-as-a-Service

Information Systems Frontiers ◽

10.1007/s10796-020-10065-w ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Elias Baumann ◽

Jana Kern ◽

Stefan Lessmann

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Linear Mixed Model ◽

Low Cost ◽

Software As A Service ◽

Client Characteristics ◽

Study Approach ◽

Using Data ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Over Time

Abstract Software-as-a-service applications are experiencing immense growth as their comparatively low cost makes them an important alternative to traditional software. Following the initial adoption phase, vendors are now concerned with the continued usage of their software. To analyze the influence of different measures to improve continued usage over time, a longitudinal study approach using data from a SaaS vendor was implemented. Employing a linear mixed model, the study finds several measures to have a positive effect on a software’s usage penetration. In addition to these activation measures performed by the SaaS vendor, software as well as client characteristics were also examined, but did not display significant estimates. The findings emphasize the need for proactive activation initiatives to raise usage penetration. More generally, the study contributes novel insights into the scarcely researched field of influencing factors on SaaS usage continuance.

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Burnout Symptoms Experienced among Special Physical Educators: A Descriptive Longitudinal Study

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.2.3.189 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jim DePaepe ◽

Ron French ◽

Barry Lavay

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Physical Educators ◽

Classroom Teachers ◽

Teaching Behavior ◽

School Year ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Physical Educator ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Improve Student Learning ◽

Over Time

Burnout is a syndrome that has had a negative effect on the behavior of regular and special classroom teachers. The purpose of this investigation was to determine (a) whether special physical educators experience symptoms of burnout and (b) whether these symptoms fluctuate over time. Based on the results of this investigation, the subjects exhibited several symptoms that are related to the burnout phenomenon. Furthermore, these symptoms characteristically are high throughout the school year. It was concluded that special physical educator supervisors should design appropriate strategies to prevent or reduce these symptoms. Not only would this have a positive effect on teaching behavior but it would in turn improve student learning.

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Associations Between Defence-Style, Eating Disorder Symptoms, and Quality of Life in Community Sample of Women: A Longitudinal Exploratory Study

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Phillip Aouad ◽

Phillipa Hay ◽

Nasim Foroughi ◽

Suzanne M. Cosh ◽

Haider Mannan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Community Sample ◽

Extended Period ◽

Eating Pathology ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Over Time

Background and Aim: Eating Disorders (EDs) impact an estimated 15% of the global population and are linked to maladaptive defence-styles (coping strategies) and poorer mental health outcomes. Defence-styles have been grouped into immature, neurotic, and mature behaviours. Studies have yet to examine all three defence-styles in ED symptomatic individuals over an extended period of time. The current study aimed to investigate using converse analysis the relationships between defence-style and ED outcomes over a 5-years period.Methods: Participants (n = 216, mean age 33 years) were recruited through the Women's Eating and Health Literacy study, with the current study examining a 5-years period of two waves (year-4 and year-9). The current study tested associations over time between eating pathology (EDE-Q), psychological distress (K10), mental and physical health related quality of life (M/PHRQoL, SF-12), and defence-style (DSQ-40).Results: Mature, immature and neurotic defence-styles did not significantly change over 5 years. Over the same period, only PHRQoL significantly predicted mature defence-styles having positive effect. Both MHRQoL and PHRQoL significantly predicted immature defence-styles having positive and negative effects, respectively. Psychological distress, PHRQoL and weight concern significantly predicted neurotic defence-styles having positive effects except for psychological distress. PHRQoL, MHRQoL, restraint and eating concern significantly predicted overall eating pathology having positive effects except for PHRQoL and MHRQoL. Conversely, among the defence-style variables, over 5 years, both immature and neurotic defence-styles significantly predicted psychological distress having positive effects, immature and mature defence-styles significantly predicted MHRQoL having negative and positive effects, respectively, while only immature defence-styles significantly predicted overall eating pathology having positive effect.Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that immaturity and neuroticism but not maturity were the defence-style variables predicting psychological distress over a 5-years period while conversely psychological distress predicted only neurotic defence styles. The findings of the current study may suggest that without intervention, mature, immature and neurotic defence-styles may largely remain immutable to significant shifts over time. Limitations in the current study included limited demographic representation. The current study is anticipated to generate considerations into treatments that could strengthen defence-styles in individuals with increased eating pathology.

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