scholarly journals Aerodontalgia among Airline Pilots of India: A Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabreen Gujral ◽  
Shruti Chopra ◽  
Shveta Sood ◽  
Naresh Sharma ◽  
Akshara Singh
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Barometric pressure-induced dental pain is a clinical entity elicited by atmospheric changes in pressure. Barodontalgia (also known as aerodontalgia) among pilots is of marked interest as it can be a potential flight safety hazard and compromise the personnel’s operational capability and performance. Due to its overlapping signs and symptoms, it may also remain unnoticed and represent itself during a pressure change which may be during ascend or descend of flight. Aim: To assess presence of barodontalgia and awareness of the phenomenon among commercial pilots based in India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2020 using self-reported questionnaire submitted via Google forms (Alphabet, Mountain view, CA, USA) among 410 pilots based in India. It consisted of questions inquiring about the occurrence, localisation, intensity and recurrence of in- flight dental pain. Inferential statistics were performed using Chi- square test, One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Independent t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 370 pilots responded to the questionnaire with a response rate of 90.24%. The incidence was reported among 10.54% (n=39) pilots although 42.7% (n=158) lacked awareness regarding the same. Only a single case of recurrence of pain was reported while none reported any risk to flight safety or accident, secondary to barodontalgia. Conclusion: The incidence level of barodontalgia among commercial pilots in India is low. However, the lack of awareness is still an unsettling risk and was not found to be of significant difference when compared on the basis of gender and work experience.

scholarly journals Antibiotic and Analgesic Prescription Patterns among Dentists or Management of Dental Pain and Infection during Endodontic Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Maslamani ◽  
Faraj Sedeqi
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine prescription patterns of antibiotics and analgesics among dentists in the management of dental pain and infection for medically healthy patients undergoing endodontic management. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey was based on a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire collected data on age, gender, years of experience, and the qualifications of dentists. Feedback on prescription patterns for antibiotics and analgesics was collected for a number of clinical scenarios. Participants' choices regarding the type, dose, and duration of antibiotics/analgesics were recorded. Completed questionnaires were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS; version 24) to determine relationships between prescription patterns, age, gender, and educational qualification. Results: Of the 227 participants surveyed, 190 (83.7%) did not prescribe antibiotics for patients complaining of severe pain. There were significant associations between age and years of experience and antibiotic prescription for pain management (p = 0.035 and 0.04, respectively). Of the participants, 199 (87.7%) never prescribed antibiotics for reversible pulpitis with normal periapical area; there was a statistical significance in relation to gender (p = 0.044). Amoxicillin 500 mg was prescribed most of the time (51.5%). Diclofenac K (50 mg) was prescribed by 41% of the participants, while 39.2% of the participants very often prescribed ibuprofen (600 mg). Conclusion: Most dentists prescribed analgesics and antibiotics as recommended, but more education on the proper use of these medicines is needed for dentists and patients.

Exploring Sex-Based Differences in Concussion Knowledge, Attitudes and Resources in Young First Nations Hockey Players: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Cindy Hunt ◽  
Alicja Michalak ◽  
Elaine Johnston ◽  
Leila Macumber ◽  
Tony Jocko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Concussion Knowledge

AbstractObjective:Indigenous youth are vulnerable to concussion when playing hockey. A clear characterisation of sex differences among Indigenous youth could assist in tailoring future education programmes for prevention and management of concussion. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast concussion knowledge, attitudes and resources in First Nations girls and boys playing recreational hockey.Method:The cross-sectional survey was conducted in partnership with a First Nations’ chief, other Indigenous community leaders and a tertiary care head injury clinic. In Canada, researchers engaging with Indigenous peoples are expected to adhere to principles of Ownership, Control, Access and Possessions. The study included Indigenous boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 18 years of age.Results:More girls attending the hockey tournament participated in the study as compared to boys (girlsn= 46, boysn= 29). More girls reported they had never experienced a concussion (73.9%), as compared to boys (58.6%) self-reports. Less than half of all study participants were able to identify some signs and symptoms of concussion such as vomiting/nausea, memory problems, fatigue and blurred vision and recognition of several concussion symptoms varied by sex.Conclusions:We created a unique partnership between Indigenous leaders and tertiary care clinic staff. Among Indigenous youth reasons for not reporting concussion symptoms to the coach varied by sex (although not reaching statistical significance), suggesting concussion education warrants tailoring for girls and boys.

Who Indicates Caesarean Section in Romania? A Cross-Sectional Survey in Tertiary Level Maternity on Childbirth Patients and Doctors' Profiles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Angela Simionescu ◽  
Alexandra Horobet ◽  
Erika Marin ◽  
Lucian Belascu
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Indication ◽  
Delivery Modes ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background. C-section rate in Romania is the second-highest in the European Union (44.1% in 2017) and the number of C-sections performed in the country increased by 32.1% between 2009 and 2017. We offer for the first time insights into the practice and perceptions of patients and doctors in Romania towards delivery mode and on health system particularities that lead to increased numbers of C-sections. The objectives are 1) to compare the preferred modes of birth among women 2) to draw a profile of patients in whose case the actual birth method is different from the preferred method, and 3) to outline a profile of doctors and patients based on the modes of delivery. Methods. We conduct a statistical analysis based on an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional survey on 117 singleton pregnant women more than 36 weeks in spontaneous labor in tertiary level maternity in Romania. Various statistical tests have been used to indicate statistical significance. Results. Our results show an increase of almost 58% in actual childbirth mode against preferred childbirth by C-sections, rather difficult to justify based only on medical emergencies. There are 22 patients with non-concordant C-section indications between preferred and actual mode of birth, 7 of them (31.8%) preferred natural birth and 15 (68.2%) preferred C-section. Scarred uterus is the most frequent medical indication for C-section (30.7%). Overall, birth and birth pain assessment correlates to preferred and actual delivery modes, but respondents distinguish clearly between birth pain alone and their overall birth experience. The profiles of patients with concordant and non-concordant delivery modes are different, and indicate a statistically significant difference between the preference for delivery and actual birth method. Patients who preferred vaginal birth, but gave birth by C-section, are mature and more educated women, in the middle to the high-income category, mostly attended by consultant doctors and specialists. Doctors’ profiles show that specialists and consultants attend the largest share of non-concordant births, while residents and young senior doctors attend mostly vaginal births. Conclusions. We emphasize health system particularities in Romania as triggers of high C-section rates that favor womens’ preferences against C-section medical indication.

scholarly journals Who indicates Caesarean section in Romania? A cross-sectional survey in tertiary level maternity on childbirth patients and doctors' profiles 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Angela Simionescu ◽  
Alexandra Horobet ◽  
Erika Marin ◽  
Lucian Belascu
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mode Of Birth ◽  
High Income Category ◽  
Women’S Preferences

Abstract Background. Cesarean section (C-section) rate in Romania is the second-highest in the European Union (44.1% in 2017), and the number of C-sections performed in the country has increased in the past decades. Given how common C-section is now, it is important to gain insight into the practice and perceptions of patients and doctors in countries with high C-section rates. The objectives are 1) to compare the preferred modes of birth among women; 2) to draw a profile of patients and doctors in whose case the actual birth method is different from the preferred method; and 3) to analyze the way Romanian women want to give birth. Methods. We conduct a statistical analysis based on an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional survey on 117 singleton pregnant women more than 36 weeks in spontaneous labor in tertiary level maternity in Romania. Various statistical tests have been used to indicate statistical significance. Results. We calculate an increase of almost 58% in actual childbirth mode against preferred childbirth by C-sections, rather difficult to justify based only on medical emergencies. There are 22 patients with non-concordant C-section indications between preferred and actual mode of birth, 7 of them (31.8%) preferred natural birth and 15 (68.2%) preferred C-section. The profiles of patients with concordant and non-concordant delivery modes are different and indicate a statistically significant difference between the preference for delivery and actual birth method. Patients who preferred vaginal birth, but gave birth by C-section, are mature and more educated women, in the middle to high-income category, mostly attended by consultant doctors and specialists. Doctors’ profiles show that specialists and consultants attend the largest share of non-concordant births, while residents and young senior doctors attend mostly vaginal births. Conclusions. We emphasize health system particularities in Romania as triggers of high C-section rates that favor women’s preferences against C-section medical indication. Improving patients’ confidence in the health care system, built on competence and fitted hierarchical team position may lead to choosing the optimal way of birth for childbirth safety and pain control.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Perception in Regard to COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigerian Military Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
A. J. Ogbole ◽  
J. S. Bisji ◽  
S. J. Umar ◽  
I. M. Jallo ◽  
S. O. Ezeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military

The study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and perception of Nigerian Military population towards the coronavirus outbreak. A web-based cross-sectional survey was used to collect from 216 data from military officers from the Nigerian Army, Nigerian Air Force and the Nigerian Navy. Majority of the study sample were males, 88.4% (n = 191) and more than half the respondents were between 21 to 30 years old (50.5%). Also, 82.4% of the sample were graduates and 54.2% married. 82.9% were from Nigerian Army and 57.9% were commissioned officers with 6-10 years’ work experience 49.5 (n=107). Results show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors of gender, age, military type, religion, education and marital status and knowledge of COVID-19 (p>.05). Results further show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and perception of COVID-19 (p>.05), meaning there was no significant difference in perception of COVID-19 based on demographic factors. Finally, the results showed that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and attitude to COVID-19 (p>.05).  Irrespective of gender or age for example, knowledge, attitude, and perception of COVID-19 was good among the military population. Despites high level of awareness among the study population, it was recommended that the military authorities in Nigeria further strengthen their health systems, as well as the knowledge of infectious diseases and pandemics which will help them to assist the government and in educating the general populace through their military-civilian interface.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE TOWARD COVID-19 DISEASE AMONG VARIOUS PROFESSIONALS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ONLINE SURVEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
ABEETHA S ◽  
RAMYA K ◽  
BHAGYASHREE N ◽  
SUMA S ◽  
SUREKA V
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Local Health Authority ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice associated with COVID-19 disease by undertaking a web-based online survey. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted all over India during the initial phase of COVID-19 hit between March 19, 2020, and March 29, 2020. Anyone aged 18 years and above using social media were included in the study. The questionnaire had a section on sociodemography which had questions regarding age, gender, marital status, and occupation. This was followed by questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. The knowledge scores were summarized as median with interquartile range as the data followed a non-normal distribution. Attitude and practice questions were summarized individually as proportions and its association with socio-demographic variables was established using Chi-square test. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Occupational groups, marital status, and age group had significant difference between the groups with at least one of the practices with p<0.05. Conclusion: Since the study provides enhancing effect of knowledge toward protective behaviors, the awareness raising activities and health education through mass media and campaigns, this should urgently be conducted focusing on effectiveness of hand washing, cough etiquette, social distancing, and responsibility to inform suspected cases to local health authority to prevent COVID-19.

scholarly journals DOES DENTAL STUDENTS' ATTENDANCE IN CLASSROOM LECTURES DEPEND ON THE MODE OF ATTENDANCE TRACKING?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Hani Mawardi ◽  
Waad Alharbi ◽  
Waleed Alamoudi ◽  
Osama Felemban ◽  
Soulafa Almazrooa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Dental Schools

Purpose: The necessity to attend classroom lectures is a disputable topic among dental schools globally. Since there is an ongoing debate on different aspects of this problem in literature, the purpose of this study was to compare students’ attitudes toward classroom attendance and investigate if stricter attendance tracking methods could lead to better classroom attendance at two dental schools utilising different modes of tracking students’ attendance. Method: This was an observational, cross-sectional survey distributed among dental students enrolled at King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU) and King Saud University (KSU) in Saudi Arabia. The survey included questions on demographics, average travel time, student's attitudes toward classroom lectures and common reasons for absenteeism. Collected data were analysed and summarised as frequencies and percentages and then compared using the Chi-square test for statistical significance.  Findings: The study involved 678 participants from KAU and 475 participants from KSU. In general, there was a significant difference in students’ attendance between both schools in which 26.8% of KAU dental students skipped 5 or more lectures/month compared to 11.5% of students at KSU. Among the factors affecting classroom lecture attendance, commuting time was a major one reported by students (44.8% of students at KSU and 51.4% at KAU needed 30-60 min to reach their schools). The availability of lectures through online resources and the necessity to study for exams were additional factors reported by students of both schools. Implications for research and practices: Based on the current data, the school’s method to track students’ attendance may have a role in the pattern of classroom absenteeism.

scholarly journals Who indicates Caesarean section in Romania? A cross-sectional survey in tertiary level maternity on childbirth patients and doctors' profiles 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Angela Simionescu ◽  
Alexandra Horobet ◽  
Erika Marin ◽  
Lucian Belascu
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mode Of Birth ◽  
High Income Category ◽  
Women’S Preferences

Abstract Background. Cesarean section (C-section) rate in Romania is the second-highest in the European Union (44.1% in 2017), and the number of C-sections performed in the country has increased in the past decades. Given how common C-section is now, it is important to gain insight into the practice and perceptions of patients and doctors in countries with high C-section rates. The objectives are 1) to compare the preferred modes of birth among women; 2) to draw a profile of patients and doctors in whose case the actual birth method is different from the preferred method; and 3) to analyze the way Romanian women want to give birth. Methods. We conduct a statistical analysis based on an observational, analytical, and cross-sectional survey on 117 singleton pregnant women more than 36 weeks in spontaneous labor in tertiary level maternity in Romania. Various statistical tests have been used to indicate statistical significance. Results. We calculate an increase of almost 58% in actual childbirth mode against preferred childbirth by C-sections, rather difficult to justify based only on medical emergencies. There are 22 patients with non-concordant C-section indications between preferred and actual mode of birth, 7 of them (31.8%) preferred natural birth and 15 (68.2%) preferred C-section. The profiles of patients with concordant and non-concordant delivery modes are different and indicate a statistically significant difference between the preference for delivery and actual birth method. Patients who preferred vaginal birth, but gave birth by C-section, are mature and more educated women, in the middle to high-income category, mostly attended by consultant doctors and specialists. Doctors’ profiles show that specialists and consultants attend the largest share of non-concordant births, while residents and young senior doctors attend mostly vaginal births. Conclusions. We emphasize health system particularities in Romania as triggers of high C-section rates that favor women’s preferences against C-section medical indication. Improving patients’ confidence in the health care system, built on competence and fitted hierarchical team position may lead to choosing the optimal way of birth for childbirth safety and pain control.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge about First Aid Methods, Diagnosis, and Management of Snakebite among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study from Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Isra K. Kharusha ◽  
Suha S. Sulaiman ◽  
Ahmad M. Samara ◽  
Samah W. Al-Jabi ◽  
Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Background. Snakebite is a serious and important medical emergency encountered in many parts of the world. The estimated number of victims of venomous snakebites in Palestine is about 100 to 150 annually, with death occurring in 2 to 3 of them. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge on the diagnosis and management of snakebites among nursing students in Palestine, as well as their attitude towards snakebites. Methods. This was a cross-sectional survey that took place at An-Najah National University. Two hundred nursing students were asked to fill a questionnaire that was developed to assess the participants' knowledge and attitude regarding snakebite's diagnosis and management. Different knowledge scores were calculated, and the relationships between students' knowledge and their characteristics were calculated by implementing the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The statistical significance limit of p values was set at 0.05. Results. The majority of the participants (57%) were fourth-year students with an average age of 20.7 ± 1. Areas of knowledge and the participants’ mean scores on them were as follows: Vipera palaestinae snake, 5.1/13; signs and symptoms, 9.6/16; laboratory investigations, 6.1/10; anti-venom, 4.2/11; and first aid, 6.6/15. The only statistically significant differences in knowledge were between male and female students on Vipera palaestinae (male students scored higher, p value = 0.004) and between different types of residence (village dwellers scored the highest, p value = 0.041). Conclusions. We found knowledge gaps in many aspects of snakebite’s diagnosis and management among nursing students in Palestine. Based on the results of this study, we suggest integrating more materials on this topic in the curriculum of Palestinian nursing schools, as well as more practical training, which will positively reflect on the care for snakebite victims.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

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