Exploring Sex-Based Differences in Concussion Knowledge, Attitudes and Resources in Young First Nations Hockey Players: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Ontario, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Cindy Hunt ◽  
Alicja Michalak ◽  
Elaine Johnston ◽  
Leila Macumber ◽  
Tony Jocko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Concussion Knowledge

AbstractObjective:Indigenous youth are vulnerable to concussion when playing hockey. A clear characterisation of sex differences among Indigenous youth could assist in tailoring future education programmes for prevention and management of concussion. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast concussion knowledge, attitudes and resources in First Nations girls and boys playing recreational hockey.Method:The cross-sectional survey was conducted in partnership with a First Nations’ chief, other Indigenous community leaders and a tertiary care head injury clinic. In Canada, researchers engaging with Indigenous peoples are expected to adhere to principles of Ownership, Control, Access and Possessions. The study included Indigenous boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 18 years of age.Results:More girls attending the hockey tournament participated in the study as compared to boys (girlsn= 46, boysn= 29). More girls reported they had never experienced a concussion (73.9%), as compared to boys (58.6%) self-reports. Less than half of all study participants were able to identify some signs and symptoms of concussion such as vomiting/nausea, memory problems, fatigue and blurred vision and recognition of several concussion symptoms varied by sex.Conclusions:We created a unique partnership between Indigenous leaders and tertiary care clinic staff. Among Indigenous youth reasons for not reporting concussion symptoms to the coach varied by sex (although not reaching statistical significance), suggesting concussion education warrants tailoring for girls and boys.

scholarly journals Aerodontalgia among Airline Pilots of India: A Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabreen Gujral ◽  
Shruti Chopra ◽  
Shveta Sood ◽  
Naresh Sharma ◽  
Akshara Singh
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Barometric pressure-induced dental pain is a clinical entity elicited by atmospheric changes in pressure. Barodontalgia (also known as aerodontalgia) among pilots is of marked interest as it can be a potential flight safety hazard and compromise the personnel’s operational capability and performance. Due to its overlapping signs and symptoms, it may also remain unnoticed and represent itself during a pressure change which may be during ascend or descend of flight. Aim: To assess presence of barodontalgia and awareness of the phenomenon among commercial pilots based in India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2020 using self-reported questionnaire submitted via Google forms (Alphabet, Mountain view, CA, USA) among 410 pilots based in India. It consisted of questions inquiring about the occurrence, localisation, intensity and recurrence of in- flight dental pain. Inferential statistics were performed using Chi- square test, One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Independent t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 370 pilots responded to the questionnaire with a response rate of 90.24%. The incidence was reported among 10.54% (n=39) pilots although 42.7% (n=158) lacked awareness regarding the same. Only a single case of recurrence of pain was reported while none reported any risk to flight safety or accident, secondary to barodontalgia. Conclusion: The incidence level of barodontalgia among commercial pilots in India is low. However, the lack of awareness is still an unsettling risk and was not found to be of significant difference when compared on the basis of gender and work experience.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge about First Aid Methods, Diagnosis, and Management of Snakebite among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study from Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Isra K. Kharusha ◽  
Suha S. Sulaiman ◽  
Ahmad M. Samara ◽  
Samah W. Al-Jabi ◽  
Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Background. Snakebite is a serious and important medical emergency encountered in many parts of the world. The estimated number of victims of venomous snakebites in Palestine is about 100 to 150 annually, with death occurring in 2 to 3 of them. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge on the diagnosis and management of snakebites among nursing students in Palestine, as well as their attitude towards snakebites. Methods. This was a cross-sectional survey that took place at An-Najah National University. Two hundred nursing students were asked to fill a questionnaire that was developed to assess the participants' knowledge and attitude regarding snakebite's diagnosis and management. Different knowledge scores were calculated, and the relationships between students' knowledge and their characteristics were calculated by implementing the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The statistical significance limit of p values was set at 0.05. Results. The majority of the participants (57%) were fourth-year students with an average age of 20.7 ± 1. Areas of knowledge and the participants’ mean scores on them were as follows: Vipera palaestinae snake, 5.1/13; signs and symptoms, 9.6/16; laboratory investigations, 6.1/10; anti-venom, 4.2/11; and first aid, 6.6/15. The only statistically significant differences in knowledge were between male and female students on Vipera palaestinae (male students scored higher, p value = 0.004) and between different types of residence (village dwellers scored the highest, p value = 0.041). Conclusions. We found knowledge gaps in many aspects of snakebite’s diagnosis and management among nursing students in Palestine. Based on the results of this study, we suggest integrating more materials on this topic in the curriculum of Palestinian nursing schools, as well as more practical training, which will positively reflect on the care for snakebite victims.

scholarly journals Brain smart – Let's play safely: Evaluation of a concussion education program in schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110244
Author(s):  
Katie Alison Falla ◽  
Sarah Randall ◽  
Carol DeMatteo
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Post Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Objectives There are two objectives for this paper. First, to determine effects of a concussion education program in a local school board in terms of concussion-specific knowledge in children and confidence in identifying and managing concussion in adults. Second, to identify differences and similarities in concussion knowledge between children who participate in sports and those who do not and between children with a history of one or more concussions and those without. Design A cross sectional survey regarding concussion knowledge was distributed randomly to students and adults at both pre- and posteducation timepoints. A concussion education program was disseminated across the school board for students between the distribution survey timepoints. Following the education program, adults and students completed their respective post-test surveys. Chi-squared tests in SPSS determined the significance of between-group differences. Results All 17 adults (100.0%) who had received concussion education recently reported confidence in their knowledge of concussion management, compared to 35.7% adults who had not received education for over a year (p = 0.020). For students, all of whom completed the concussion education training between the pre- and post-tests, there were no significant differences in concussion knowledge scores between athletes and non-athletes (either in or outside of school) or between those with a history of concussion and those without. There were no significant changes in concussion knowledge between the pre- and post-tests, except for one question. Conclusion Concussion education programs increase confidence of concussion management protocols in adults involved in sport, but they require improvements to better support knowledge amelioration, particularly for target groups that are at high risk of sustaining another injury.

scholarly journals Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A National Survey to Monitor Knowledge and Operating Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1995
Author(s):  
Valentina Scalise ◽  
Fabrizio Brindisino ◽  
Leonardo Pellicciari ◽  
Silvia Minnucci ◽  
Francesca Bonetti
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Exercises ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

The aim of this article was to investigate the knowledge, management, and clinical practice of Italian physiotherapists concerning patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). A national cross-sectional survey consisted of 24 questions was administered from December 2019 until February 2020. A Chi-squared independence test was run to study any difference between subgroups of the sample and responses to the questionnaire. Five hundred and eight respondents completed the survey. Most respondents (n = 225/508; 44.3%) are under 29 years old, female (n = 256/508; 50.4%) and have been working as physiotherapists for less than 5 years (n = 213/508; 41.9%). Most of respondents correctly knows about the cause (n = 455/508, 89.6%), main signs and symptoms of CTS (n = 415/508, 81.70%) and administer education, manual therapy, myofascial techniques and therapeutic exercises (n = 457/508, 89.88%). Three hundred and sixty-four (71.68%) respondents were aware of the influence of psychosocial factors on the patient’s outcomes. The survey showed greater adherence to evidences by physiotherapists holding a master’s degree. The results are mostly comparable with other surveys structured all over the world on the same topic. Italian physiotherapists management of the CTS was not always in line with current evidence. Interventions such as education, manual therapy, therapeutic exercise, nerve and tendon glide techniques are widely used, while the orthotic is only offered by half of the sample.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Sources of Information on Lassa Fever Infection Among the Undergraduate Students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110063
Author(s):  
MaryJoy Umoke ◽  
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽  
Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽  
Rosemary N. Onwe ◽  
Ifeanyi Emmanuel Nwafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
State University ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Academic Level

Lassa fever is a zoonotic disease characterized by acute viral hemorrhagic fever, endemic in West Africa including Nigeria. The study assessed the knowledge and sources of information on Lassa fever infection among the undergraduate students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among a sample of 389 students (18 years above). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed with SPSS (Version 20), and hypotheses were tested at p < .05 level of significance. Results showed that the majority of the students had good knowledge of Lassa fever description, 232 (60.75%); the signs and symptoms, 221 (57.9%); mode of transmission, 261 (68.41%); and preventive measures, 291 (76.13%). Radio, 23 (84.6%), and television, 307 (80.4%), were their major sources of information. Age ( p = .424), sex ( p = .082), and academic level ( p = .553) were not significant in the study, while faculty (social sciences; p = .000*) was strongly associated with the knowledge of Lassa fever. In conclusion, the overall knowledge of Lassa fever was good among students, though knowledge gaps were observed in the signs and symptoms. We recommend that health education on endemic diseases in the state be made a compulsory course as a general study (GST) in the university. Also, the internet, social media, and campus campaign be further used to educate and sensitize students on the effect of Lassa fever.

scholarly journals MRI Spectrum of Japanese Encephalitis in Northeast India: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Pranjal Phukan ◽  
Kalyan Sarma ◽  
Barun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Deb K. Boruah ◽  
Bidyut Bikash Gogoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus infection having high mortality and morbidity. This study was performed to evaluate the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in JE and to find out any difference between pediatric and adult JE. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was performed on serologically positive 54 JE patients presented to a tertiary care hospital with acute encephalitic symptoms between April 2016 and October 2019. Relevant neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI scan of the brain were performed. Results Fifty-four JE patients (n = 31 males and n = 23 females) having 32 pediatric and 22 adult JE were included in the study sample. Group 1 JE (n = 16) patients had encephalitic symptoms with duration less than 15 days up to the day of MRI scan and group 2 JE (n = 38) had symptoms more than 15 days. Group 1 JE had mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of 0.563 ± 0.109 (standard deviation [SD]) × 10–3 mm2/sec and group 2 JE had 1.095 ± 0.206 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. The mean ADC value of pediatric JE was 0.907 ± 0.336 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec and adult JE was 0.982 ± 0.253 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. Conclusion The majority of the JE patient shows abnormal signal alterations in bilateral thalami and substantia nigra. Diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC mapping helps in evaluating the stage of the JE. No statistical significance of the various conventional MRI findings was found between the pediatric JE and adult JE.

Willingness of antenatal care attendees towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-112
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Assefa ◽  
Dubale Dulla
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽  
Hiv Counseling ◽  
Counseling And Testing

Background: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is an entry point for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child and accessing VCT benefit from PMTCT services. Even though, some pregnant women clearly know the benefits /advantages of PMTCT services, they are not willing to test and access the services. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the willingness of pregnant women attending antenatal care towards VCT/PMTCT at Adare general hospital in southern Ethiopia. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hawassa Adare hospital, southern Ethiopia from February to April/2018. A total of 338 randomly selected pregnant women who were attending antenatal care clinic were included. Data was collected using structured and pretested questionnaire; entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 computer software. Important descriptive and logistic models were used for data analysis assuming statistical significance at p < 0.05. Result: A total of 338 mothers were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing among study participants was 82.2%. Participants who attended primary and High school and above were 3.9 (AOR= 3.87, 95% CI- 1.705, 8.782) and 9.5 times (AOR 9.53 at 95% CI- 3.155, 28.76); those who had good knowledge about VCT/PMTCT were 3.47 times (AOR=3.47, 95% CI-1.721, 7.003); women who followed two to three ANC visit, were 5.1 times more likely have willingness towards VCT/PMTCT (AOR 5.11 at 95% CI -1.095, 23.81) more likely willing to be tested than their counterparts respectively. Conclusion: Willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling was encouraging however it needs advancement. Since boosted knowledge and awareness promote willingness to VCT/PMTCT uptakes, initiation of community-based information dissemination, increased quality of ANC service, and empowering women to be educated could be effective in order to promote high VCT and PMTCT program uptakes

scholarly journals The Challenges and Knowledge Gaps in Malaria Therapy: A Stakeholder Approach to Improving Oral Quinine Use in the Treatment of Childhood Malaria in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bartholomew Yir-Erong ◽  
Marcel Tunkumgnen Bayor ◽  
Isaac Ayensu ◽  
Stephen Yao Gbedema ◽  
Joshua Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Malaria Therapy ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Childhood Malaria

Background. The study was undertaken to elicit the knowledge, views, and perceptions of key stakeholders on malaria, its bioburden, and treatment options, in order to ascertain the knowledge gabs and challenges, especially in the use of oral quinine in childhood malaria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a well-structured Likert Scale and self-administered questionnaire. The principal site of the study was a government-run children’s hospital located in the Ashiedu Keteke Sub-Metro of Accra. The study population included health workers, parents, and guardians or care givers. The participants were 300, purposively selected, and consisted of both men (41%) and women (59%) who were twenty years and above, whether employed (42%), self-employed (37%), or unemployed (21%). Results. Majority of the participants (78%) demonstrated above average knowledge of malaria. However, their awareness of the causes, modes of transmission, signs, and symptoms as well as preventive mechanisms of malaria did not result in low incidence of malaria. About 77% of the respondents agreed they would seek treatment within 24 hours once signs and symptoms are detected. Though close to 50% undertook home treatment of malaria, majority eventually sought treatment at hospital or clinic. Above 92% of respondents knew that quinine is used to treat malaria and agreed its bitter taste greatly affects compliance, especially in children. Consequently, 95% of the respondents would be glad if its bitter taste is masked. Conclusion. The study demonstrated the availability of substantial knowledge of the devastating effects of malaria, especially in children. Therefore, there is the need to ensure the availability and utilization of effective paediatric formulations in the fight against malaria. From this study, fast dissolving oral thin film with a good mouth feel, would be the formulation of choice for quinine.

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