Approaching wildlife with drones: using scientific literature to identify factors to consider for minimising disturbance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Mo ◽  
Katarina Bonatakis
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
Flight Duration ◽  
Approach Distance ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Biological State ◽  
Habitat Variables

ABSTRACT Drones are a modern alternative to manned aircraft for aerial surveys, however approaching wildlife with drones may still cause disturbance. Understanding the factors influencing animal responses to drone flights is fundamental for informing guidance on lowest-impact flight practices. We reviewed scientific literature on drone flights conducted to approach wildlife and collated and quantified references to factors that should be considered in the development of guidelines and policies. The most referenced controllable factors were approach distance, noise emissions and airspeed. Other frequently referenced controllable factors included drone type, take-off distance, flight pattern, pilot experience and competence, whether consecutive flights were conducted and flight duration. The most referenced environmental factors were animal taxa, biological state of animals and ambient noise, followed by whether conspecifics are present, weather variables, habitat variables, whether animals have received previous exposure to anthropogenic settings, animals’ behaviour prior to drone flights and whether predators are present. Policies and protocols that address these factors have an increased probability of minimising disturbance of drone flights. The variability in animal responses across different taxa, different ways drone flights are performed and the different circumstances they are deployed in highlights the need for taxa-specific protocols that also account for geographical and biological variations.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGIES, SYSTEMS, AND EQUIPMENT FOR WASTEWATER HEAT UTILIZATION (REVIEW)

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
B.І. Basok ◽  
M.P. Novitska ◽  
S.M. Goncharuk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Utilization Review ◽  
Heat Utilization ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Political Economic

The paper analyzes research, technologies, and equipment related to wastewater heat utilization systems. The main factors influencing the development of the industry and the implementation of such systems are given. Such factors include: social, political, economic, technological, legal and environmental. The classification of technologies and equipment for wastewater heat utilization according to the place of heat extraction is given. Namely, low potential wastewater heat can be collected at the treatment plants, in sewer collectors leading to treatment plants and directly in houses. The paper describes the available research in the scientific literature on these three categories The global scientific community is working to create efficient wastewater heat recovery systems. The environmental situation requires greater use of wastewater recovery systems. An important issue is to increase awareness and education of the population, as this approach will increase the degree of implementation of wastewater heat utilization systems in residential buildings.

scholarly journals Model of the Factors Influencing Competitiveness of the Latvian Fisheries Sector Cluster

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Inese Biukšāne
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Fisheries Policy ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The aim of the research is to elaborate the model of factors influencing competitiveness of the Latvian fisheries sector cluster. Based on the studied scientific literature, the research provides an improved definition of the sector competitiveness and defines the factors influencing the competitiveness of the sector. As a result of the analysis, the author has discovered that there are several internal and external social, economic, political and environmental factors that influence the competitiveness of the Latvian fisheries sector cluster. It is advisable to the institutions involved in fisheries policy-making to take into account the identified factors, influencing the competitiveness, and their changes when making and improving the general policy of the sector.

Factors influencing the caregiving performance of mothers of hospitalized toddlers with acute respiratory diseases: A path analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-605
Author(s):  
Han Hye-Yul ◽  
Kim Shin-Jeong ◽  
Ellis Kevin Wayne ◽  
Kang Kyung-Ah
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Effectiveness Model ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Mother Child Relationships ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases

Studies on the management of respiratory diseases in children have focused on family members’ participation and caregivers’ needs. However, evidence-based data on the effectiveness of mothers’ management of acute respiratory diseases (ARDs) in toddlers are lacking. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing the caregiving performance of mothers of toddlers hospitalized for an ARD and to test a hypothetical causal model based on the Caregiving Effectiveness Model (CEM). A cross-sectional design was used, and participants included 291 mothers of toddlers aged 12–36 months who were hospitalized for an ARD. Based on the CEM, data were analyzed to identify the path of relationships between the factors influencing mothers’ care of their hospitalized children and the mothers’ caregiving performance. The modified path model had a good fit with the data, with optimal values for all fit indices. The mothers’ caregiving performance was influenced by the children’s number of hospitalizations, the mother–child relationship, and the mothers’ anxiety level. These three factors explained 51.4% of the variance in the mothers’ caregiving performance. Educational interventions targeting controllable factors such as mother–child relationships and mothers’ anxiety levels may be considered to improve mothers’ caregiving performance.

MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF AUTOSERVICE ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Saken Sadibekovich Pernebekov ◽  
Zhaksylyk Toktasynovich Dutbayev ◽  
Dinara Ryskulbekovna Tortbayeva ◽  
Antonina Vasilievna Tortbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Controllable Factors ◽  
Main Component ◽  
High Level

In the current conditions of qualitative transformations in various sectors of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the entire system of economic relations, the problem of the functioning of modern car service enterprises for the mainten,ance and repair of individual vehicles becomes especially relevant. This problem is primarily related to the main tasks facing road transport enterprises and is the main component of the efficiency of economic activities of enterprises. The large variety of factors influencing the work of car service enterprises makes it difficult, first of all, to classify them and requires information about their similar groups. The main groups of factors influencing the effective functioning of car service enterprises are divided into general and specialized factors. At the same time, factors of direct impact directly affect the work of car service enterprises, and factors of an indirect nature do not directly affect the activities of enterprises, but it is necessary to keep records of them in order to make appropriate decisions. In the current economic conditions, car service enterprises, despite their departmental affiliation, have to rationally resolve some contradictions that are caused by the obvious imperfection of the structural relations themselves. At the same time, one can still observe a very high level of depreciation of the main equipment and an acute shortage of acceptable sources of financing, the impossibility of obtaining credit funds due to high interest rates. All these problems, first of all, significantly restrain the very process of demand for the implementation of transport services for car maintenance. Therefore, in this current situation, car service enterprises are forced to look for their internal reserves and capabilities. It is on the solution of all these above-mentioned problems that the identification or establishment of the so-called controllable factors that affect the production activities of car service enterprises will depend.

Expanding upon the weather: cloud cover and barometric pressure as determinants of attendance for NFL games

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney J. Paul ◽  
Justin Andrew Ehrlich ◽  
Jeremy Losak
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Decisions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Team Success ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposePurpose of the study is to further expand insights into how weather impacts attendance at sporting events. With the NFL having only eight home games a year per team, it is more of an event than other North American sports. We explore this in terms of how sensitive fans are to weather, by not only looking at traditional factors, but also other weather variables available through Accuweather. In addition, the authors explore team success, outcome uncertainty and other factors as determinants of demand.Design/methodology/approachThe method includes Tobit model of attendance in terms of percent of capacity in the National Football League. Model includes factors such as outcome uncertainty, team success, etc. but mainly focuses on weather. Weather factors studied include traditional variables such as temperature and precipitation, and also includes cloud cover, barometric pressure, wind speed and humidity. Different model specifications are included to explore results. Key findings allow for differences between games played outdoors versus indoors.FindingsIn terms of control variables, team success, new stadiums and stadium age play a significant role in attendance in terms of percentage of capacity. Outcome uncertainty does not appear to be important, and fans desire the opposite when the home team is an underdog. The main results concern the weather. When only traditional weather variables are included, precipitation plays a key role. With further expansion of the weather variables, it appears that cloud cover offers some additional information beyond precipitation. In addition, barometric pressure plays a minor, but statistically significant role as it relates to attendance in terms of capacity.Research limitations/implicationsIncluding deeper and richer weather data helps to further explain attendance at sporting events. With the NFL, this may be limited by it being such as event due to the scarcity of games in a season. In addition, the weather variables are not truly independent, although they are not as correlated as may be anticipated on the surface. Use of different types of weather variables in models of attendance may help to deepen our understanding of factors influencing consumer decisions. These factors may play larger roles in sports with wider variance in attendance during the season.Practical implicationsThe practical implications are that other weather-related variables besides temperature and precipitation may offer insight into consumer decisions related to attendance at sporting events. Cloud cover gives insights into anticipated poor weather in addition to it directly leading to less of a sunny day to be outdoors at an event. Barometric pressure has been shown to influence headaches and joint pain and may also influence consumer decisions to venture out to sporting events.Social implicationsAs data becomes more widely available in general, it's possible to add additional insights into factors influencing various forms of decision-making. In this study, we show that more information on weather can shed insights into consumer decisions as it relates to attending events such as sports. These decisions likely differ based upon whether the event is held outdoors or indoors. With more entertainment choices as substitutes, it is important to identify key factors which influence consumer decisions to help better structure events in the future.Originality/valueWeather variables beyond temperature and precipitation are included in a Tobit model for NFL attendance using percentage of capacity as the dependent variable. These weather variables are cloud cover, wind speed, humidity, and barometric pressure. Cloud cover and barometric pressure were found to have some significant effects on percentage of capacity. When included, precipitation itself is no longer found to be significant, but precipitation interacted with games played in domes retains statistical significance as there are key differences between games held outdoors versus indoors.

scholarly journals Anthropometric characteristics of rhythmic gymnasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Jelena Lukić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts ◽  
Sports Selection

In esthetic sports, such as rhythmic gymnastics, body size and body composition can directly affect performance and outcome. The aim of this study was to identify anthropometric characteristics and to notice their impact on the prediction of higher performance in rhythmic gymnastics. For the needs of this review, scientific literature was analyzed from prestigious scientific journals. This systematic review included available data from the following databases: Google Scholar, Springer, PubMed, Europe PMC and research databases. Studies with the following criteria were included: anthropometric characteristics, profile or status and somatic constitution, body composition, somatotypes and morphological models, factors influencing performance and the level of the performance (reliability), and being published in English and Serbian language. Out of total 52 studies, reviewed 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the findings of the present study it could be concluded that anthropometric characteristics are an important item on the basis of which talent identification, sports selection and programming of training and nutrition plan is performed.

scholarly journals Theoretical analysis of factors affecting the development of logistics centre

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadina Moroza ◽  
◽  
Inguna Jurgelane-Kaldava ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Stable Growth

Profitable logistics complex system is an important factor for stable growth in economics of the state. Efficient management is the key to success, especially in logistic sector. To achieve great success in logistics it is decisive to understand and analyse all factors which influence on development of current sector. The aim of the present study was to review scientific literature about the factors affecting development of logistics centre. Furthermore, the sustainability construction qualitative analysis method was employed as basis to conduct the research. Based on the literature, authors defined different factors influencing on the development of logistics centre and conducted groups of factors. Using qualitative analysis, the author developed main factors and elaborated definitions for each factor to provide information about included sub-factors. Service level was indicated as one of the important categories. It shows level of clients’ satisfaction with service given by the logistic centres. Finally, all factors were ranged by importance, to show gradation and influence on development.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Private Customers′ Trust in Internet Banking: Case of Latvia

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Viktorija Skvarciany
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vital Factor

Abstract Banking sector has developed and extended the usage of online services in the past decade. In fact, nowadays, Internet-based banking services dominate over other historically provided alternatives. This article discusses private clients′ trust in Internet banking in Latvia. The model of trust in Internet banking was developed based on four factors, distinguished in the scientific literature. They are provided information, bank’s characteristics, ebanking system and website of a bank. Hence, the goal of the research is to measure the impact of distinguished factors on trust in Internet banking. In order to determine how these attributes affect private customers′ trust, correlation and regression analysis were applied. The results showed that the most vital factor affecting private clients’ trust in Internet banking is e-banking system. What is more, it was found that provided information is a statistically insignificant factor and, hence, it was removed from the model. Respondents, being private customers, limit the breadth of study, thus the results do not reflect companies’ trust in Internet banking.

scholarly journals FACTORS INFLUENCING KNOWLEDGE RETENTION PROCESS: CASE OF LITHUANIAN ARMED FORCES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1104-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita RAUDELIŪNIENĖ ◽  
Vida DAVIDAVIČIENĖ ◽  
Ramūnas PETRUSEVIČIUS
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Organizational Memory ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Retention Management ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Knowledge Content

Knowledge management is one of the most potent means for the improvement of Lithuanian armed forces efficiency in context of transformations. Knowledge retention is one of the knowledge management processes that is related to knowledge selection, accumulation of the organization experience, renewal of the organizational memory in order to preserve the valuable knowledge from the potential loss. In order for the Lithuanian armed forces to manage the knowledge effectively and develop – it is important to purposefully preserve the valuable knowledge. The knowledge retention management problems of the Lithuanian armed forces are classified into: human, organizational, functional, technological and technical. In order to solve the problematics of such type, the identification of the factors, that provides the premises for the complex assessment of the knowledge retention process, becomes an important factor. The purpose of the article is to identify the factors that are significant for the evaluation of the knowledge retention process effectiveness of the Lithuanian armed forces. In order to achieve the objective such methods as the analysis of the scientific literature, multiple criteria and expert assessment are employed. According to the research results most factors were attributed to the group of the organizational and knowledge content factors.

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