scholarly journals Diagnostic of the Cooking and Storage Systems of a Cassava-Derived Food Locally Called “fufu” in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Jorelle Jeanne Bimem Adjele ◽  
Annick Manuela Bengue Baomog ◽  
Raissa Hermine Hell ◽  
Hippolyte Tene Mouafo ◽  
Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Systems ◽  
University Education ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cooking Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Heating Duration

Fufu is among the most consumed traditional dishes derived from cassava in Cameroon. However, the processing of cassava into flour used in the preparation of fufu, the home storage of that flour and the cooking practices might lead to microbial contamination and hence constitute a potential health risk for consumers. The aim of this study was to diagnose the cooking systems of fufu in the city of Yaoundé taking into consideration the processing of granules, its storage systems and the cooking practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Yaoundé. A total of 74 participants were submitted to a survey by the means of a structured questionnaire. Information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the population, the nature and quality of raw material used to cook fufu, the cooking processes, the storage of cooked fufu and complaints associated with the consumption of fufu were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the majority of participants were women (82.4%) with university education level (73%). Most of the participants preferred granules of fermented cassava as raw material. The odor was the main purchasing criteria of raw materials which were generally stored at room temperature (25±2°C) in the household for 1 to 2 weeks. 76.05% of participants were aware of the impact of microorganisms on the color and odor of the raw material. Two cooking processes of fufu were identified, the heating duration being the main difference. The majority of participants used a heating duration of less than 15 min as it leads to slightly rigid, less elastic and not sticky fufu highly appreciated in the Centre and Sud regions of Cameroon. Leftovers fufu eaten by participants without any heating process and leftovers fufu reheated for a short duration before being consumed might be the causes of digestive troubles associated with its consumption. Prospective studies should be conducted to optimize the cooking process of fufu taking into consideration its microbiological (sporulated microflora) and sensorial quality.

scholarly journals Main parameters influencing the plastic behavior of clays used for traditional ceramics production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham El Boudour El Idrissi
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Ceramics ◽  
Clayey Materials ◽  
Clay Mineral Composition

This paper investigates the main parameters influencing the plastic behavior of clays used for traditional ceramics production. For this, twenty-six clayey pastes were selected from twelve traditional ceramic plants around the city of Marrakech (Morocco). According to the lithology, six different types of materials are used as raw material in the ceramic industry of this region. Emphasis is placed on the impact of the characteristics of these clayey materials upon the plastic behavior of these clays. The pastes were characterized through their consistency using the Atterberg limits. It has been concluded that the gain size, the mineralogical and the clay mineral composition and content, the effect of diagenesis and the presence of talc-pyrophyllite association play the most important role in the control of the plasticity behavior.

scholarly journals PRICE DETERMINATION OF CHICKEN PORRIDGE MSMEs IN FACING RAW MATERIAL COST FLUCTUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Faizal Haris Eko Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Economic Census ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The culinary industry is currently one of the best industries that are developing, this has become one of the economic supports in several regions. Based on the results of the economic census report of the Tasikmalaya City in 2016 the culinary industry in percentage and number of positions was in the third position followed by the large trade industry which occupied the first position and the processing industry in the second position. This study aims to determine the impact of changes in raw material costs lucratively on the selling price determination of chicken porridge in MSMEs at the City of Tasikmalaya. The population in this study were all MSMEs chicken porridge entrepreneurs totaling 261 units, while the method used in this study was a survey method with a quantitative approach presented descriptively. The result of this study is that changes in raw material costs have an impact of 89.2% on the determination of the selling price of chicken porridge. In fact, this is clearly illustrated by the chicken porridge activists who prefer to set the selling price using a mixed method based on market costs and demand. This is because there is a concern from chicken porridge activists for the risks that they will get such as decreasing sales and automatically reducing their revenue streams.

scholarly journals Social conditions and urban environment associated with participation in the Ciclovia program among adults from Cali, Colombia

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Fernando Gómez ◽  
Janeth Mosquera ◽  
Olga Lucia Gómez ◽  
José Moreno ◽  
Jose D. Pinzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Traffic Fatalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
The City

Abstract The Ciclovia program (CP) has emerged as an effective initiative to promote active living in urban spaces in Latin America. This study assessed the association between social conditions, the urban environment and participation in the CP among adults living in the city of Cali, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 and 2012 among 719 adults aged 18 to 44. Urban environment measures were obtained using Geographic Information Systems. A multilevel logistic regression was used for the analysis. Slightly more than 7% of participants had participated in the CP in the previous four weekends. Being male and having a high school degree were positively associated with participation in the CP. Participation in the CP was positively associated with living in neighborhoods with Ciclovia lanes. In contrast, a negative association was found among those living in neighborhoods with a presence of traffic fatalities. This study provides new insights about a recreational program that has potential health benefits in a region marked by urban inequalities in terms of opportunities for physical activity.

scholarly journals Comparing regional neonatal mortality rates: the influence of registration of births as live born for birth weight <500 g in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000526
Author(s):  
Liang-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Chang ◽  
Fu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yung-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

Reduction in Needle Sharing among Community Wide Samples of Injecting Drug Users

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Frischer ◽  
M Bloor ◽  
S Green ◽  
D Goldberg ◽  
R Covell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Sharing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
The City

Evidence of reduced levels of needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDUs) has largely been confined to IDUs attending needle exchanges or receiving treatment. In this paper we present the results of a serial cross-sectional study of needle sharing conducted in Glasgow using a multisite sampling strategy. Of the estimated 9400 IDUs in the city, 503 were interviewed in 1990 and 535 in 1991. The proportion of IDUs reporting injecting with, or passing on used needles and syringes in the last 6 months fell significantly as did the number of individuals from whom equipment was received or passed on to. The impact of this level of sharing has been limited in terms of HIV transmission; the prevalence of HIV among the 1990 sample was 2.0% and 1.1% for the 1991 sample. However, the fact that a third of IDUs in Glasgow continue to inject, even occasionally, with used equipment gives cause for concern in view of the other pathologies known to be associated with poor injecting hygiene.

scholarly journals Awareness of Diagnosis and Decision-Making Preferences of Greek Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Despoina G Alamanou ◽  
Konstantinos Giakoumidakis ◽  
Dimosthenis G Theodosiadis ◽  
Nikolaos V Fotos ◽  
Elissavet Patiraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Encounter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Objective: In Greece, the old phenomenon of hiding cancer diagnosis and depriving cancer patients of their right to participate in decisionmaking remains a reality. The aim of this study was to assess the decision-making preferences of Greek cancer patients and their awareness of diagnosis. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 229 adult Greek patients diagnosed with cancer, attending the oncology outpatient department (outpatients) or being hospitalized (inpatients), in one general hospital in Athens. Patients who were aware of cancer diagnosis (n=209) were administered at the Control Preference Scale (CPS), a tool, designed to elicit decision-making preferences. The IBM SPSS program, version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: One hundred and one patients (52.8%) were males. The mean [±standard deviation (SD)] age was 64.8 (±11.2) years. The vast majority of patients knew they suffered from cancer (n=209, 91.3%). Older patients (p=0.003), those who lived in suburbs of the city (p=0.01), those who had lower educational level (p=0.001), those with lower personal income (p=0.001) and shorter disease duration (p=0.001) stated that were unaware of cancer diagnosis. Seventy five (36.2%) patients chose the shared-decision role in decision-making procedures. Lower age (OR 1.04, 95%, CI: 1.00-1.08, p= 0.05) and higher education level (OR 2, 63, 95%, CI: 1.11-6.29, p=0.03) were significantly associated with the preference of patients to actively participate in decision-making regarding treatment. Conclusions: Although Greek cancer patients are aware of cancer diagnosis and treatment, nowadays, they still seem to hesitate in playing a more active role in the decision-making procedures, which portrays the impact of the dominating paternalistic model of doctor-patient relationship in the Greek medical encounter

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship in higher education: The key role of self-efficacy-A cross sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Ramalho et al. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
University Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education Agenda ◽  
The Impact

Entrepreneurship is the engine of a nation's economic, cultural, and social development. Since Higher Education Institutions play a crucial role, it is important to analyze the academy's entrepreneurial education effectiveness in promoting entrepreneurial intention amongst students. This study aims to analyze the effect of the education agenda of a Higher Education Institution on the students’ entrepreneurial intention, exploring the effect of self-efficacy as a mediator. A quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study was performed. A sample of 176 Portuguese higher education students fulfilled the “Entrepreneurial Motivations Survey,” which includes the HEInnovate Self-Assessment Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Entrepreneurial Intention Scale. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), AMOS, and PROCESS software. Through structural equation models, it was created a mediation model to assess the impact of the University education agenda on the entrepreneurial intention of the students. All scales showed adequate validity and reliability. The Faculty was not perceived as an entrepreneurial academy by the students. The results did not show a direct effect of the entrepreneurial education agenda on the students’ entrepreneurial intention. The effects emerged through self-efficacy, which plays a mediating effect between entrepreneurial education agenda on the students’ entrepreneurial intention. The entrepreneurship agenda didn’t directly influence the entrepreneurial intention. It is mandatory to offer a rich agenda in order to improve the students’ entrepreneurial competencies, preparing them to strive in the competitive market, in which self-efficacy plays an important role.

Imagining Jerusalem in the Medieval West

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
University Education ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Devotional Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Jerusalem was the object of intense study and devotion throughout the Middle Ages. This book illuminates ways in which the city was represented by Christians in Western Europe, from the 600s the 1500s. Focusing on maps in illuminated manuscripts and early printed books, it also considers views and architectural replicas, and treats depictions of the Temple and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre alongside those of Jerusalem as a whole. The chapters draw on new research and a range of disciplinary perspectives to show how such depictions responded to developments in the West, as well as to the shifting political circumstances of Jerusalem and its wider region. One central theme is the relationship between text, image and manuscript context, including discussion of images as scriptural exegesis and the place of schematic diagrams and plans in the presentation of knowledge. Another is the impact of trends in learning, such as the reception of Jewish scholarship, the move from monastic to university education, and the creation of yet wider audiences through mendicant preaching and the development of printing. The book also examines the role of changing liturgical and devotional practices, including imagined pilgrimage and the mapping of Jerusalem onto European cities and local landscapes. Finally, it seeks to elucidate how two- and three-dimensional representations of the city both resulted from and prompted processes of mental visualization. In this way, the book is conceived as a contribution to manuscript studies, the history of cartography, visual studies and the history of ideas.

scholarly journals Neuroeconomic Decisions in Cocoa Producers: Impact of Cooperative Innovation Methodology on Prospecting for Fair Trade Organic Niche as an Incentive for Agricultural Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8373
Author(s):  
Isaac Zúniga Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strengthening Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Cooperative Innovation ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This article focuses on analyzing the neuroeconomic decisions in cocoa producers and the impact of this methodology on the productivity of fair trade organic cocoa producers on the population of Nuevo Bambamarca, province of Tocache, Peru. The main elements of the methodology are the incentive phase of associativity, the alignment phase to macro trends, the prospecting phase of the country to be exported to, the prospecting phase of the type of niche market, the prospecting phase of fair participation, the innovation and design phase of the prototype, the standardization phase of the raw material technical specifications for collection, the strengthening phase the producer’s commitment, the learning phase of the producer in crop management, and the evaluation phase of productivity in the field. This research study is pre-experimental, cross-sectional, explanatory, and descriptive. The experimental group made up of 20 fair trade organic cocoa producers of the Cooperativa Agroindustrial Naranjillo obtained on average a profitability of 143 EUR per campaign higher than the control group made up of 20 producers of conventional cocoa that did not belong to the cooperative who obtained a loss of −642 EUR per campaign, even with the same purchase price of 1.92 EUR per kg for both cases during the 2011 campaign. It is concluded that Hypothesis 1 is met, it shows that the cooperative innovation methodology of prospecting for fair trade organic niche encourages the productivity of producers of the experimental group with respect to the control group.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the life habits of the nursing staff working in intensive care units of hospitals in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamires Bicalho ◽  
Ana Paula Peçanha Passos ◽  
Aline Marques ◽  
Carolina Magalhães dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Nursing Teams

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a major public health challenge. Most patients infected with the SARS-CoV2 virus are critical patients requiring admission to intensive care units (ICU) and qualified nursing care. However, the experiences of nurses from China and Italy showed that one of the biggest obstacles in the care of patients with the disease occurred within the scope of the organization of trained and qualified teams, staff dimensioning, management of supplies and equipment, and attention to the mental health of these professionals. Faced with this pandemic scenario, professional nurses face important challenges concerning care and the quality of nursing services in intensive care. The objective of this research will be to identify the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the life habits of professionals from the Nursing teams who work in the Intensive Care Units in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ. This is a cross-sectional study to be carried out between October and December 2021. Data collection will be carried out through an online questionnaire (Google Forms®) whose sample will consistof professionals from the Nursing teams (nurses and nursing technicians), working in the Intensive Care Units of Private and Public Hospitals in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ. Subsequently, the data obtained will be analyzed using descriptive statistics in the SPSS® software. This study aims to contribute to improving the quality of life and health of nursing professionals working in ICUs and, consequently, the quality of care and patient safety. Furthermore, it is expected that the results corroborate the need to implement health protection strategies for these professionals in the context of the pandemic.

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