scholarly journals Main parameters influencing the plastic behavior of clays used for traditional ceramics production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hicham El Boudour El Idrissi
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Ceramics ◽  
Clayey Materials ◽  
Clay Mineral Composition

This paper investigates the main parameters influencing the plastic behavior of clays used for traditional ceramics production. For this, twenty-six clayey pastes were selected from twelve traditional ceramic plants around the city of Marrakech (Morocco). According to the lithology, six different types of materials are used as raw material in the ceramic industry of this region. Emphasis is placed on the impact of the characteristics of these clayey materials upon the plastic behavior of these clays. The pastes were characterized through their consistency using the Atterberg limits. It has been concluded that the gain size, the mineralogical and the clay mineral composition and content, the effect of diagenesis and the presence of talc-pyrophyllite association play the most important role in the control of the plasticity behavior.

scholarly journals PRICE DETERMINATION OF CHICKEN PORRIDGE MSMEs IN FACING RAW MATERIAL COST FLUCTUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Faizal Haris Eko Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Economic Census ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The culinary industry is currently one of the best industries that are developing, this has become one of the economic supports in several regions. Based on the results of the economic census report of the Tasikmalaya City in 2016 the culinary industry in percentage and number of positions was in the third position followed by the large trade industry which occupied the first position and the processing industry in the second position. This study aims to determine the impact of changes in raw material costs lucratively on the selling price determination of chicken porridge in MSMEs at the City of Tasikmalaya. The population in this study were all MSMEs chicken porridge entrepreneurs totaling 261 units, while the method used in this study was a survey method with a quantitative approach presented descriptively. The result of this study is that changes in raw material costs have an impact of 89.2% on the determination of the selling price of chicken porridge. In fact, this is clearly illustrated by the chicken porridge activists who prefer to set the selling price using a mixed method based on market costs and demand. This is because there is a concern from chicken porridge activists for the risks that they will get such as decreasing sales and automatically reducing their revenue streams.

scholarly journals Diagnostic of the Cooking and Storage Systems of a Cassava-Derived Food Locally Called “fufu” in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Jorelle Jeanne Bimem Adjele ◽  
Annick Manuela Bengue Baomog ◽  
Raissa Hermine Hell ◽  
Hippolyte Tene Mouafo ◽  
Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Systems ◽  
University Education ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cooking Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Heating Duration

Fufu is among the most consumed traditional dishes derived from cassava in Cameroon. However, the processing of cassava into flour used in the preparation of fufu, the home storage of that flour and the cooking practices might lead to microbial contamination and hence constitute a potential health risk for consumers. The aim of this study was to diagnose the cooking systems of fufu in the city of Yaoundé taking into consideration the processing of granules, its storage systems and the cooking practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Yaoundé. A total of 74 participants were submitted to a survey by the means of a structured questionnaire. Information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the population, the nature and quality of raw material used to cook fufu, the cooking processes, the storage of cooked fufu and complaints associated with the consumption of fufu were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that the majority of participants were women (82.4%) with university education level (73%). Most of the participants preferred granules of fermented cassava as raw material. The odor was the main purchasing criteria of raw materials which were generally stored at room temperature (25±2°C) in the household for 1 to 2 weeks. 76.05% of participants were aware of the impact of microorganisms on the color and odor of the raw material. Two cooking processes of fufu were identified, the heating duration being the main difference. The majority of participants used a heating duration of less than 15 min as it leads to slightly rigid, less elastic and not sticky fufu highly appreciated in the Centre and Sud regions of Cameroon. Leftovers fufu eaten by participants without any heating process and leftovers fufu reheated for a short duration before being consumed might be the causes of digestive troubles associated with its consumption. Prospective studies should be conducted to optimize the cooking process of fufu taking into consideration its microbiological (sporulated microflora) and sensorial quality.

scholarly journals Identifying the Impact Factors of the Dynamic Strength of Mudded Intercalations during Cyclic Loading

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changbin Yan ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Lei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Failure Time ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Clay Mineral Composition

Despite reports on previous research associated with the dynamic strength of mudded intercalations during cyclic loading, a systematic investigation of the impact factors of this strength is still valuable. This work aimed at experimentally revealing the impact factors of the strength along with their impacts. The potential impact factors considered in this work include (i) water content, (ii) clay mineral composition, (iii) clay content, (iv) confining pressure, and (v) cyclic failure time. Specimens of mudded intercalations were collected from China and were remolded and prepared for a dynamic triaxial test under cyclic loads. The test results showed that the dynamic strength is impacted by water content (strongly), clay mineral composition (moderately), confining pressure (moderately), and cyclic failure time (weakly); no significant impact of clay content was detected. Moreover, the dynamic cohesion is correlated with clay mineral composition (strongly), water content (moderately), and cyclic failure time (weakly); no significant correlation with clay content or confining pressure was detected. Finally, the dynamic friction angle is correlated with water content (strongly), clay content (moderately), and cyclic failure time (weakly); no significant correlation with clay mineral composition or confining pressure was detected.

scholarly journals ANALISIS OMZET PENJUALAN PADA CV. KALDERA PANEN PERTIWI DITENGAH PANDEMI

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berto Pilipus Manihuruk ◽  
Eki Dudi Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The number of competitors coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic is a factor that affects sales turnover at the company, because sales turnover is important to realize the company's goals. CV. Caldera Panen Pertiwi Bandung branch is a meat distributor company and the only branch in the city of Bandung. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of market segmentation on sales turnover in the midst of the covid-19 pandemic, to determine the impact that occurred and the efforts made to increase sales turnover. This research includes inductive qualitative research using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques, where this study tries to explain the solution to existing problems based on existing company data. The results of the study that caused the decline in sales turnover during this pandemic were limited availability or supply of stock from abroad, unstable raw material prices or goods prices, then less demand for goods, then central and regional government policies which of course had an impact on companies or distributors. meat because many places of business are temporarily closed. Keywords: Turnover, Sales, Covid-19 Pandemic

scholarly journals Survival of Microorganisms on Nonwovens Used for the Construction of Filtering Facepiece Respirators

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Majchrzycka ◽  
Małgorzata Okrasa ◽  
Justyna Szulc ◽  
Anita Jachowicz ◽  
Beata Gutarowska
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Filtering nonwovens that constitute the base material for filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) used for the protection of the respiratory system against bioaerosols may, in favourable conditions, promote the development of harmful microorganisms. There are no studies looking at the impact that different types of filtering nonwovens have on microorganism survival, which is an important issue for FFR producers and users. Five commercial filtering nonwovens manufactured using diverse textile technologies (i.e., needle-punching, melt-blown, spun-bonding) with different structural parameters and raw material compositions were used within our research. The survival of microorganisms on filtering nonwovens was determined for E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis bacteria; C. albicans yeast and A. niger mould. Samples of nonwovens were collected immediately after inoculum application (at 0 h) and after 4, 8, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of incubation. The tests were carried out in accordance with the AATCC 100-1998 method. Survival depended strongly on microorganism species. E. coli and S. aureus bacteria grew the most on all nonwovens tested. The structural parameters of the nonwovens tested (mass per unit area and thickness) and contact angle did not significantly affect microorganism survival.

scholarly journals Usage of Vertical Fisheye-Images to Quantify Urban Light Pollution on Small Scales and the Impact of LED Conversion

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Wallner
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Direct Emission ◽  
Small Scales ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The aim of this work was to develop an easy and quick technique for characterizing various lighting situations, that is, single lamps or illuminated signs and to quantify impacts on small scales like streets, buildings and near areas. The method uses a DSLR-camera equipped with fisheye-lens and the software Sky Quality Camera, both commonly used as part of night sky imagery in the light pollution community, to obtain information about luminance and correlated colour temperature. As a difference to its usual build-up, observed light emitting sources were captured by pointing the camera towards analysed objects, that is, images were taken via vertical plane imaging with very short exposure times under one second. Results have proven that this technique provides a practical way to quantify the lighting efficacy in a certain place or area, as a quantitative analysis of the direct emission towards the observer and the illumination on surroundings, that is, street surfaces, sidewalks and buildings, was performed. When conducting lamp conversions, the method can be used to characterize the gradient of change and could be a useful tool for municipalities to find the optimal lighting solution. The paper shows examples of different lighting situations like single lamps of different types, also containing various luminaires, illuminated billboards or buildings and impacts of the lighting transition to LEDs in the city of Eisenstadt, Austria. The horizontal fisheye method is interdisciplinary applicable, for example, being suitable for lighting management, to sustainability and energy saving purposes.

scholarly journals Religious Tourism’s Impact on City Space: Service Zones around Sanctuaries

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Izabela Sołjan ◽  
Justyna Liro
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
City Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Model Approach

Pilgrimage centers are important elements of the spatial structure of cities and simultaneously factors influencing their transformations. The pilgrimage function of sanctuaries can lead to development of service zones around them focused mainly on serving visitors, i.e., pilgrims and tourists. They often perform functions complementary to sanctuaries. Here we present the results of studies of sanctuary service zones conducted at twenty six popular Catholic sanctuaries in Europe. In this paper, we discussed the influence of the sanctuary on city space on the macro, meso and micro scales. We proposed a definition of a sanctuary service zone, and developed a model approach to the different types: initial (slightly developed) zones, dispersed zones (integrated into the urban space, with their pilgrimage function coexisting with other urban functions), and compact zones—linear, or pilgrimage districts (with dominating pilgrimage function). The development of sanctuary service zones depends mainly on the rank of the pilgrimage center, as well as on the period in which it was founded, pilgrimage traditions, and the location of the pilgrimage center in the city. This paper is a continuation and extension of research into the impact of pilgrimage centers on city space transformations in the context of socio-cultural changes in the 20th and 21st centuries.

scholarly journals The three tenures: A case of property maintenance

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110292
Author(s):  
Geoff Rose ◽  
Richard Harris
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Code Violations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

Property maintenance affects health and safety, market values and neighbourhood dynamics. Previous studies have indicated that owner-occupiers maintain their properties better than do absentee (non-resident) landlords. Some evidence suggests that maintenance by resident landlords falls in between but no study has compared all three tenures. This study of the City of Rochester, New York, utilises tax data for every residential property in the city in 2017, these being linked to records of building inspections, mostly pro-active. It indicates that code violations were highest for absentee-owned properties, lowest for the owner-occupied and intermediate for the properties of resident landlords. Comparison of the two- and three-unit properties of resident landlords indicates the impact of pro-active inspections. Maintenance by Limited Liability Companies was about average for absentee-owned properties, but those handled by management companies were worse. Longitudinal analysis of independent changes in the ownership and tenure of dwelling units, 2011–2017, indicates that observed differences in maintenance in 2017 were attributable to the incentives characteristic of each tenure, not to differences in personal preference among property owners. Results underline the importance of pro-active inspections and the need for qualitative research to clarify the motivations of different types of landlords.

Characterization of the City of Red Clay Apodi-RN

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flanelson M. Monteiro ◽  
Tércio G. Machado ◽  
José Sousa ◽  
Eiji Harima ◽  
Samara M. Valcacer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
The City

Ceramic products made from red clay to move the economy of Rio Grande do Norte. Among the most common ones are outstanding bricks, tiles and slabs in different sizes and shapes. In perspective to seek products with good quality in the ceramic industry, the characterization of the raw material is essential for obtaining an excite end product. The municipality of Apodi located in the Upper West Rio Grande do Norte has the ceramic industry as a sector of great economic importance in the site. However the absence of technology for characterization of the clays found in the region is the major problem for local entrepreneurs. The objective this study is to characterize the red clay one of the ceramics used by the municipality of Apodi-RN. The procedure will be done through the testing of Plasticity, Liquidity, linear shrinkage, absorption water, porosity, XRD and EDX.

scholarly journals Influence of Recreational, Landscape and Protective Functions on the Value of Forest, Wooded and Bushy Properties in Urbanized Areas on the Example of the Local Market of the City of Krakow

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Robert Zygmunt ◽  
Radosław Gaca
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Local Market ◽  
The Road ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
The North ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract The paper presents a proposal for an approach to the valuation of forest, wooded and bushy real estate located in cities, which allows for the assessment of the impact of natural, protective and landscape factors on the value of this type of real estate. The main problem in the valuation of this type of real estate is the correct estimation of the impact on the value of the non-production factors described above. Considering the above, the main goal of the study was to identify the factors influencing the prices and value of forested, wooded and shrubby properties located in urbanized areas. The supplementary goal was to confirm the suitability of the methods and statistical models used in the study for similar measurements. By implementing the adopted goals, the article presents an analysis of the impact of these factors on the prices and value of real estate. The study covered the southwest part of the city of Kraków, located between the Vistula River and the Kraków-Rzeszów railway line in the north and east, and the southern and western border of the city. Urban forests perform mainly social functions, constituting only a marginal source of wood raw material. The results of the study showed that, in the case of similar properties, prices are significantly influenced by factors such as location, type and nature of the surroundings, form of access to the road, landscape and recreational values, manner of use and development status, as well as the permissible form of development, which is a measure of the profitability of timber production. The work ended with a discussion on the results and proposed directions for further research.

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