Chemical Composition and Nutraceutical Potential of Velvet Tamarind (Dialium guineense wild) Fruit Pulp

Background: Fruits are known as excellent source of mineral and vitamins and may be used to increase rural population food quality. Consuming fruits and vegetables may usually aid in the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the chemical composition of velvet tamarind (D. guineense wild) fruit and its nutraceutical potential. Methodology: The fruit of velvet tamarind was purchased from “Oja-Oba” market in Ibadan, Nigeria. The fruits were sun-dried, the coat and seed were removed by mechanical means. The pulp was ground using a pestle and mortar, and were transferred into an electric blender (Moulinex) for further grinding. After grinding, the powder was sieved into a finer particle and was used to determine the proximate, phytochemical, vitamin and mineral compositions of velvet tamarind fruit. Results: Velvet tamarind fruit contains high concentration of carbohydrate (79.78%) but very low concentration of fat (0.43%). The phytochemical composition of the fruit has flavonoid (33.78 mg) and phytate (0.07mg) as the highest and lowest phytochemicals respectively. Velvet tamarind pulp was observed to be rich in vitamins with vitamin C (28.82 mg/100g) and vitamin B1 (0.84) having the highest and lowest concentrations respectively. Velvet tamarind pulp contained 5.85 mg/100g of potassium and 0.38 mg/100g of phosphorus as the highest and lowest minerals respectively. Conclusion: The composition of velvet tamarind fruit obtained in this study revealed that it is a good source of nutrient, phytochemicals, vitamins and minerals. It should be incorporated as food supplement to reduce malnutrition. It is a fruit with promising nutraceutical potential, thus it is a useful tool for further drug development from the natural plant products.

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Chemical composition, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals in wild mustard collected in native areas

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620180110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 59-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Galdino X Paula Filho ◽

Tibério F Barreira ◽

Ricardo HS Santos ◽

Silvia E Priore ◽

Ceres M Della Lucia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Provitamin A ◽

Daily Consumption ◽

Good Source ◽

Total Dietary Fiber ◽

Wild Vegetable ◽

Wild Mustard ◽

Mustard Plant ◽

Excellent Source

ABSTRACT Wild mustard plant (Sinapis arvensis), Brassicaceae, is a wild vegetable found in forest area, domestic orchards and it is consumed by rural population. This study aimed to evaluate chemical composition (moisture, total dietary fiber, lipids, proteins, ash, carbohydrates and total energetic value), concentration of carotenoids, vitamins (C and E) and minerals (K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Na, Cr, Se and Mo) and the contribution by this vegetable to the recommendations of daily consumption of nutrients for adult individuals. Concentrations of provitamin A (252.21 RAE/100 g), Se (0.04 mg/100 g) and Fe (5.91 mg/100 g) stood out, in which this vegetable was considered as an excellent source for these nutrients. In addition, wild mustard was considered a good source of K (435.65 mg/100 g), Ca (123.25 mg/100 g) and Mn (0.40 mg/100 g) and source of Total Dietary Fiber (TDF) (3.20 mg/100 g), Mg (26.82 mg/100 g) and Cu (0.07 mg/100 g). Wild mustard stood out as source, good source or excellent source of the evaluated nutrients, and they may contribute to reduce nutritional deficiency of those nutrients in the populations living in the region where this vegetable occurs.

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Cultivars of Lavandula Lanata Boiss., a Good Source of Lavandulol

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0800300314 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alejandro F. Barrero ◽

M. Mar Herrador ◽

Pilar Arteaga ◽

Jesús F. Arteaga ◽

Jesús Burillo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Sierra Nevada ◽

Good Source ◽

Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Main Components ◽

Excellent Source

The chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from aerial parts and flowers of Lavandula lanata autochthonous of Sierra Nevada and of flowers of L. lanata cultivated in the region of Teruel have been carried out. The main components of the oils were the oxygenated monoterpenes camphor, lavandulol, octan-3-one and 1,8-cineol. The percentage of lavandulol in cultivars is superior to 35% and thus they constitute an excellent source of this product of interest in perfumery.

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Investigation on the potential of poplar bark from short-rotation coppices as bio-based fungicidal additives

BioEnergy Research ◽

10.1007/s12155-021-10253-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Martina Bremer ◽

Javane Oktaee ◽

Daniela Einer ◽

Steffen Fischer ◽

André Wagenführ

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Outer Bark ◽

Chemical Substances ◽

Adverse Conditions ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Poplar Clones ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Excellent Source

AbstractBark on trees protects the plant against environmentally adverse conditions as well as fungi and insect attacks. There are different chemical substances, mostly in the outer bark of trees, which can stop fungi from developing. Bark as a by-product of wood plantations is available in high quantity and can serve as an excellent source for the production of eco-fungicides. In the presented article, bark of various poplar clones from two short-rotation coppices (SRC) in Poland and Germany was examined to determine the chemical composition, the possible extraction of potential fungicides (terpenes, aromatic and phenolic substances), and influence of their extracts on slowing the growth of mold fungi. It was proved that the content of the fungicidal substances depends strongly on the clone type. Two methods of extraction—Soxhlet and batch—were compared to obtain fungicidal extracts. Fungicidal substances were found in extracts gained with both approaches. Triterpenes, fatty acids, aldehydes, and alcohols were primarily the active fungicides in the Soxhlet extracts, whereas phenolic substances act as fungicides in the batch extracts.

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Research on Process Mineralogy of Potassium-Rich Shale

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.158.197 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 158 ◽

pp. 197-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jie Liu ◽

Yue Xin Han ◽

Wan Zhong Yin

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Potassium Feldspar ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Research Results ◽

Dsc Analyses ◽

Process Mineralogy ◽

Mineral Compositions ◽

Chemical Composition Analysis

The process mineralogy of potassium-rich shale from Chaoyang of Liaoning, China, was studied. Research results showed there are much less variety and smaller quantities in mineral compositions. Calculated mineral composition by means of chemical composition analysis combined with XRD, MLA, IR and TG-DSC analyses showed that main minerals with were Potassium-feldspar, muscovite, biotite and illite, and gangue minerals were quartz and small amounts of hematite. Potassium-rich minerals such as potassium-feldspar and muscovite contact smoothly with quartz respectively, and there was the direction arrangement among potassium-feldspar, quartz and muscovite in the shale. And quartz and hematite were main cement in the shale. The influences of the research results on the potassium extraction from potassium-rich shale were distinct.

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential oils of 14 known Ficus species – A Concise Review

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac126.80038034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 8003-8034

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Good Source ◽

Concise Review ◽

Living Organisms

Compounds useful for drugs, cosmetics, and food have been obtained directly or indirectly from living organisms over the years. However, there has been a renewed interest in getting useful compounds from living organisms, especially plants. Essential oils, interchangeably called volatile oils, are bioactive compounds found in minute quantities in some plants. Essential or volatile oils have been known for years to find usefulness in foods, drugs (antimicrobial, antifungal), and cosmetics. This review attempts to summarize information on the essential oil from Ficus species concerning their morphology, pharmacology, bioactivity, and application. This was achieved by gathering information on essential oils from different Ficus species. Essential oils from Ficus species are a good source of bioactive compounds for use in drug, food, and cosmetic industries. It is worthy to note that Nigerian Figs were characterized by the high presence of phytol and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, and these compounds are, therefore, seen as markers. Furthermore, this review presents numerous insights on how to best harness the different potentials of the essential oils and possibilities to be examined.

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Phytochemical Screening, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Cinnamon verum Bark

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2020/v21i1130222 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 36-43

Author(s):

Hamza Mohamed Ahmed ◽

Ashraf Mahmoud Ramadhani ◽

Ibrahim Yaagoub Erwa ◽

Omer Adam Omer Ishag ◽

Mohamed Bosharh Saeed

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

High Concentration ◽

Standard Methods ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Acetone Extracts

cinnamon dating from 1000 AD when it was firstly recorded in English due to its important as aroma and as herbs. The aim of this study was to investigate phytochemicals constitutes, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of commercial samples of Cinnamon verum bark. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, while the crude extracts were prepared by three different solvents methanol (70%), acetone and aqueous. Phytochemical screening of crude extracts was performed using standard methods. The essential oil was subjected to GC-MS analysis and tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Eschericchia coli and Candida albicans. The obtained results indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarin, tannins, terpenoids, saponin, glycoside, anthrocyanin and phenolic compounds in the methanolic, aqoueous and acetone extracts of C. verum bark; while the major components of the extracted essential oil of C. verum bark were cinnamaldehyde (85.50%), stigmasterol (3.69%), Cadinene (1.37%), (E)-cinnamaldehyde (1.35%), alpha-amorphene (1.33%), hydrocinnamaldehyde (1.28%), alpha-cubebene (1.25) and ergosterol (1.09%) respectively. The antimicrobial activity result indicated the high activity of the extracted essential oil against all tested microorganisms at high concentration; except in S. typhimurium and C. albicans at concentrations of 25% and 12.5% no activity was noticed. Based in our obtained results the essential oil of C. verum bark had high potential as antimicrobial agent, therefore, recommended for more advanced studies to be conducted on this abundant plant as natural source of antibiotics.

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Nutritional Evaluation of Beetroots (Beta vulgaris L.) and Its Potential Application in a Functional Beverage

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9121752 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1752

Author(s):

Eman Abdo ◽

Sobhy El-Sohaimy ◽

Omayma Shaltout ◽

Ahmed Abdalla ◽

Ahmed Zeitoun

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Research Work ◽

Calcium Content ◽

Beetroot Juice ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Good Source

Beetroot is a good source of minerals, fibers, and bioactive components. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the nutritional quality of beetroots (juice, peels, leaves and pomace) enhancing the extracted bioactive components, and developing a functional probiotic beverage. Chemical composition and minerals content of beetroot parts were estimated. The bioactive components were extracted by instant extraction method (IEM) and overnight extraction method (at −20 °C) (OEM) to determine total phenolics, flavonoids, and DPPH inhibition ratio. The extracted beetroot juice was mixed with milk for valorization of the beverage nutritional value and fermented with LA-5 and ABT-5 cultures to create a novel functional beverage. Chemical composition, minerals content, and bioactive components of beverages were estimated. The leaves exhibited the highest calcium content (1200 mg/100 g). Juice showed the highest amount of all minerals except for calcium and magnesium. Overnight extraction method (OEM) increased the antioxidant activity in peels and stems. Natural juice exhibited the highest activity compared to extracts. Fermentation of beet-milk beverage with LA-5 and ABT-5 cultures enhanced the beverage taste, flavor, and antioxidant capacity. Beetroot wastes and juice comprise a valuable nutritional source. Fermentation improved the nutritional value of beetroot and the acceptability of the product.

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Icacina trichantha, A Tropical Medicinal Plant

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601100740 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601100

Author(s):

Chun-Tao Che ◽

Ming Zhao ◽

Brian Guo ◽

Michael M. Onakpa

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Animal Models ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

West Africa ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Good Source ◽

Pharmacological Activities

This is a review on the pharmacological properties and chemical composition of Icacina trichantha (Icacinaceae), a food and medicinal plant native to West Africa. The tuber is a good source of nutrients such as starch; it also exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities in animal models. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of a series of unusual pimarane-type diterpenes.

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Prosopis Plant Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Attributes: Targeting Clinical Studies from Preclinical Evidence

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9120777 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 777 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽

Farzad Kobarfard ◽

Athar Ata ◽

Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi ◽

Nafiseh Khosravi-Dehaghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Food Supplement ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Plant Chemical ◽

Food Applications

Members of the Prosopis genus are native to America, Africa and Asia, and have long been used in traditional medicine. The Prosopis species most commonly used for medicinal purposes are P. africana, P. alba, P. cineraria, P. farcta, P. glandulosa, P. juliflora, P. nigra, P. ruscifolia and P. spicigera, which are highly effective in asthma, birth/postpartum pains, callouses, conjunctivitis, diabetes, diarrhea, expectorant, fever, flu, lactation, liver infection, malaria, otitis, pains, pediculosis, rheumatism, scabies, skin inflammations, spasm, stomach ache, bladder and pancreas stone removal. Flour, syrup, and beverages from Prosopis pods have also been potentially used for foods and food supplement formulation in many regions of the world. In addition, various in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed interesting antiplasmodial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and wound healing effects. The phytochemical composition of Prosopis plants, namely their content of C-glycosyl flavones (such as schaftoside, isoschaftoside, vicenin II, vitexin and isovitexin) has been increasingly correlated with the observed biological effects. Thus, given the literature reports, Prosopis plants have positive impact on the human diet and general health. In this sense, the present review provides an in-depth overview of the literature data regarding Prosopis plants’ chemical composition, pharmacological and food applications, covering from pre-clinical data to upcoming clinical studies.

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Analysis of CCN activity of Arctic aerosol and Canadian biomass burning during summer 2008

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-13-2735-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2735-2756 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

T. L. Lathem ◽

A. J. Beyersdorf ◽

K. L. Thornhill ◽

E. L. Winstead ◽

M. J. Cubison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Biomass Burning ◽

Industrial Pollution ◽

Physical Aging ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽

Water Soluble ◽

The Arctic ◽

High Concentration ◽

Air Masses

Abstract. The NASA DC-8 aircraft characterized the aerosol properties, chemical composition, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations of the summertime Arctic during the 2008 NASA Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) campaign. Air masses characteristic of fresh and aged biomass burning, boreal forest, Arctic background, and anthropogenic industrial pollution were sampled. Observations were spatially extensive (50–85° N and 40–130° W) and exhibit significant variability in aerosol and CCN concentrations. The chemical composition was dominated by highly oxidized organics (66–94% by volume), with a water-soluble mass fraction of more than 50%. The aerosol hygroscopicity parameter, κ, ranged between κ = 0.08–0.32 for all air mass types. Industrial pollution had the lowest κ of 0.08 ± 0.01, while the Arctic background had the highest and most variable κ of 0.32 ± 0.21, resulting from a lower and more variable organic fraction. Both fresh and aged (long-range transported) biomass burning air masses exhibited remarkably similar κ (0.18 ± 0.13), consistent with observed rapid chemical and physical aging of smoke emissions in the atmosphere, even in the vicinity of fresh fires. The organic hygroscopicity (κorg) was parameterized by the volume fraction of water-soluble organic matter (εWSOM), with a κ = 0.12, such that κorg = 0.12εWSOM. Assuming bulk (size-independent) composition and including the κorg parameterization enabled CCN predictions to within 30% accuracy for nearly all environments sampled. The only exception was for industrial pollution from Canadian oil sands exploration, where an external mixture and size-dependent composition was required. Aerosol mixing state assumptions (internal vs. external) in all other environments did not significantly affect CCN predictions; however, the external mixing assumption provided the best results, even though the available observations could not determine the true degree of external mixing and therefore may not always be representative of the environments sampled. No correlation was observed between κorg and O : C. A novel correction of the CCN instrument supersaturation for water vapor depletion, resulting from high concentrations of CCN, was also employed. This correction was especially important for fresh biomass burning plumes where concentrations exceeded 1.5×104 cm−3 and introduced supersaturation depletions of &geq;25%. Not accounting for supersaturation depletion in these high concentration environments would therefore bias CCN closure up to 25% and inferred κ by up to 50%.

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