scholarly journals Haematological and Histopathological Examinations of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Exposed to Sub-Lethal Concentrations of Paraquat

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
I. B. Okey ◽  
J. J. Ekpenyong ◽  
F. U. Inya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Mucous Cell ◽  
Gill Filament ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
African Catfish

The study was designed to investigate the sub-lethal effects of paraquat on haematological parameters and histopathology of the gills, skin and liver of Clarias gariepinus juveniles of mean weight (38.26±1.20g) and length (17.50±1.55cm). The fish were exposed to 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% of the 96hrsLC50 value of 107mg/l estimated from the 96 hours acute toxicity test. Blood samples were collected into heparinized tubes for the analyses of some haematological parameters, while the gills, skin and liver were also removed for histological examinations following standard procedures. The result revealed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the values of red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (Hgb), packed cell volume (PCV) and erythrocytes indices from the control. The white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets (Plt) were however increasing significantly (P < 0.05) from those of the control as the test concentrations increased. The histology of the gills revealed some alterations such as epithelial proliferation, vacuolation of the mucus, hyperplasia of epithelial tissue of the gill filament, lifting and necrosis of the secondary lamellae. The exposed skin showed mucous cell proliferation, erosion of the epithelial lining, hypertrophy, necrosis of epithelial cells and widening of the epidermal and dermal layers. The liver exhibited cellular proliferation, sinusoid enlargement, congestion of the central vein, paranchymatous degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, pyknotic nucleic degeneration, legions and necrosis with severity as concentration of paraquat increases. The gills and skin were observed to be the most affected tissues in this study. The study also revealed that paraquat was toxic to C. gariepinus and causes some haematological and histopathological alterations in the fish blood and tissues at concentrations higher than 30mg/l. Therefore, the use of paraquat by farmers should be regulated particularly in area close to the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary administration of the herbal additive siamweed (Chromolaena odorata) on growth performance and haematological changes in Clarias gariepinus fingerlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adekunle Ayokanmi Dada ◽  
Oladoye Francis Sonibare
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata

This work was conducted to study the effect of diets supplemented with different levels of aqueous extract of siamweed (Chromolaena odorata) leaf powder on growth performance, feed utilization and some blood parameters of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings in 2014 at the Federal University of Technology, Nigeria. Fingerlings of about 6.84-6.86 g were fed diets supplemented with four concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g) of C. odorata leaf extract powder for eight weeks. The highest specific growth rate (0.96±1.16 % day–1) and best food conversion ratio (2.87±0.26) were obtained in fish fed 0.5 g 100 g−1 C. odorata leaf extract powder diet treatment. There were significant differences in fish carcass protein, lipid or ash content among the treatments (p<0.05). No differences occurred in white blood cells among the treatments (p>0.05) but there were greater improvement in the white blood cells of fish fed on dietary C. odorata leaf extract powder compared to the fish fed the control diet. The results suggest that dietary supplementation with C. odorata leaf extract powder improved growth rate, feed utilization, white blood cells and survival of C. gariepinus fingerlings.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity, Redox and Immune Status in African Catfish, Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Exposed to Bisphenol a (BPA) and its Analogues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi D. Samuel ◽  
Joseph Adeyemi ◽  
Olufemi S. Bamidele ◽  
Fernando Barbosa ◽  
Chris O. Adedire
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Exposed Fish ◽  
Immune Parameters

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine the comparative toxicities and immune dysfunction in the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) and its two analogues; bisphenol AP (BPAP) and bisphenol P (BPP). Juveniles of C. gariepinus were exposed to sublethal concentrations (70 and 140 μg/L) of BPA, BPAP and BPP for 7, 14, or 21 days after which various endpoints which are indicative of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, haematological and innate immune parameters were determined in the liver homogenates or blood plasma. The exposure of C. gariepinus to BPA and its analogues caused significant increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. The exposed fish had increased levels of DNA fragmentation, lipid peroxidation, white blood cells, nitric oxide and respiratory burst while the red blood cells counts and the percentage packed cell volume decreased significantly in the exposed fish compared to control. The toxic effects elicited by the bisphenols were both concentration- and duration-dependent. Generally, BPA exerted the most toxic effects on the fish, followed by BPAP while BPP exerted the least toxic effect effects to C. gariepinus. Summarily, the findings indicated that BPA and its two analogues studied in the research are capable of causing cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune dysfunction in C. gariepinus.

scholarly journals Water Quality and Haematological Indices of Clarias gariepinus from Ogun River (Nigeria)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Olaniyi Alaba Olopade ◽  
Iyabode Olusola Taiwo ◽  
Comfort Opeoluwa Oluwoleand ◽  
Justin Ayaegbunem Akankali
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Ogun River

Abstract This study was conducted to assess the effect of water quality of the Ogun River on the haematological indices of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Samples of water and Clarias gariepinus were collected from Ogun River (Station I, Opeji and Station II, Lafenwa) to determine and compare effects of possible differences in water quality on haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus. The results demonstrate that higher index values were recorded at station II than Station I for almost all the physicochemical parameters and only sulphate values from Stations I and II were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Evaluation of the hemogram of Oryctolagus cuniculus envenomus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
Obou Constantin Okou ◽  
N’guessan Emmanuel Assemian ◽  
Kouadio Bernard Allali ◽  
Guy Childeric Bingo ◽  
Allico Joseph Djaman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Batch ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Rabbit Blood ◽  
Hemolysis Test ◽  
Dose Dependent

The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the hemolysing action of Naja nigricollis venom on rabbit blood. To carry out this study, three batches of three rabbits were formed with two control batches and one experimental batch. Each control lot is composed of three rabbits (males or females) while the experimental lot is composed of two males and one female. Each rabbit from the control lots was separately collected in the purple tube (EDTA) and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The rabbits from the experimental batch were also collected distinctly a few minutes after the injection of the venom of Naja nigricollis for the analysis of haematological parameters. However, before the analysis of the hematological parameters of the rabbits from the control and experimental batches, an in vitro hemolysis test of Naja nigricollis venom was performed to verify its hemolysing power. The results showed that Naja nigricollis venom has a dose-dependent in vitro hemolysing power. As for the haemogram, it revealed that the venom of Naja nigricollis has a decreasing effect on blood cells (red and white blood cells), on haemoglobin and on haematocrit, and an elevation on MGVs thus promoting anaemia.

Effects of Tobacco Smoking on Haematological Parameters: Haemoglobin and White Blood Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Arpana Bhide ◽  
◽  
Narendra Hulikal ◽  
Asha Thota ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haematological Parameters

The effects of strawberry tree water leaf extract, arbutin and hydroquinone on haematological parameters and levels of primary DNA damage in white blood cells of rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Karlo Jurica ◽  
Irena Brčić Karačonji ◽  
Nevenka Kopjar ◽  
Ana Shek-Vugrovečki ◽  
Tihana Cikač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Strawberry Tree ◽  
Primary Dna Damage

scholarly journals Histopathological, Haematological and Biochemical Indices of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Parasitized by Endoparasitic Fauna in Fish Farm of the Northeastern Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (09) ◽  
pp. 465-478
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Radwan ◽  
Sabry Shehata ◽  
Yasser Abdelhadi ◽  
Ramadan Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Aminotransferase Activity ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
G Ratio

Knowledge of the endemic fauna of parasites in fish are of great importance, parasites could synergistically act as stressors to health of their hosts. The objectives of this study were to evaluate prevalence and effect of parasites on hematological, biochemical indices, injury of tissues and length weight relationship of Clarias, gariepinus. Water quality variables were measured and fishes were collected each seasons for examination most common parasites in infected fishes at Abbasa Fish Farm, Egypt. Results indicated that high summer water temperature was strongly associated with parasites infection. The hematological and biochemical analysis showed significant reduction in red blood cells (RBCs) count, hemoglobin (Hb) value, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total protein, Albumin, Globulin and A/G ratio, while total white blood cells (WBCs) count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), aspartate aminotransferase activity (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase activity (ALAT), urea, creatinine, uric acid and glucose were significantly increased in infested catfish. On other hands, histopathological examination of infected fish indicated, organs most affected by infection of parasites. Overall the tendencies observed in data showed the parasites have a strong effect on host fish and drifts observed for all variables showed a strong seasonal decoration.

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF MACROCYTIC-NORMOCHROMIC ANAEMIA IN Clarias gariepinus –Siluriform- EXPOSED TO SUB-LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 1, 1-DIMETHYL 4, 4-BIPIRIDILLIUM DICHLORIDE (PARAQUAT) UNDER LABPRATORY CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e3789
Author(s):  
Musa Idi-Ogede Abubakar ◽  
Adeshina Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Normochromic Anaemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
L 14 ◽  
Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

Introduction: Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia was induced in Clarias gariepinus at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days. Experimental fish were exposed to test water separately diluted with sub-lethal concentrations of paraquat of 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09mg/L. 14 days. No in-depth work has been carried out on Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Nigeria. Objective: to evaluate macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of paraquat. Methods: Blood were collected at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days .Results: Blood dyscrasias  was observed with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes and   monocytes. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Neutrophils, Eosinophil and Basophil increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the toxicant while Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) remained normal. Conclusion: Sublethal concentrations of paraquat induced macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in the exposed Clarias gariepinus.

scholarly journals Haematological Changes in Donors Post Apheresis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Nikhil ◽  
Subhashish Das ◽  
. Snigdha
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Rbc Count

Introduction: The productivity, quality of platelet apheresis collection has improved because of the considerable advancement in the automated cell separators. Automated cell separators have lot of sizeable scientific advances, but the alertness has been centered to Platelet Concentrates (PCs) quality than on safety of donor. Aim: To find the changes in haematological parameters and the consequences of apheresis and plateletpheresis on donor’s health. Materials and Methods: It was observational cross-sectional study done in laboratory at RL Jalappa Blood Bank, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India. The study was done from March 2019 to August 2020. A total of 300 healthy donors (plateletpheresis donors) were involved in the study. The plateletpheresis (Haemonetics MCS), predonation and postdonation haematological parameters such as haemoglobin concentration, Haematocrit (Hct), platelet, white and red blood cell count were calculated in all donors. The samples for Complete Blood Count (CBC) were secured from the donors, at the beginning and end of the procedure. Postdonation haematological parameters such as platelet count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, White Blood Cells (WBC), Red Blood Cells (RBC) counts of the donor was inscribed and comparison was done with the pre donation haematological parameters. Quality control of all Single Donor Platelet (SDP) products was done. All donors were evaluated for adverse donor reactions. The mean pre and post plateletpheresis values comparison was done utilising paired t-test. Statistical analysis was accomplished utilising Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.0. Results: Platelet count, haemoglobin, WBC count, RBC count and haematocrit were jotted down from 262 donors and a significant decrease was noticed in these parameters postdonation. Donor parameter platelet count (lac/mL) value was decreased from 273.57-224.28 whereas WBC count (cu/mm) predonation value decreased from 9.91-8.86 Postdonation, haemoglobin (g/dL) value decreased from 14.46-12.91, haematocrit (%) decreased slightly from 45.19-44.19, RBC count (million/mm3) decreased from 5.21-5.01. This concluded that the values decreased postdonation. Conclusion: The study conducted was safe from donor’s point of view. SDP is very effective in treatment of thrombocytopenia and is safe from recipient’s point of view.

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