scholarly journals Evaluation of Nutrient Composition in Breast Milk of Breast Feeding Mothers in Urban and Sub-Urban Subjects in Rivers State

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ikewuchi Catherine ◽  
Kalaotaji Glory Biambo ◽  
Jonathan Nyebuchi ◽  
Amadi Chikadibia Fyneface ◽  
Nwika Goodnews
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lipid Level ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Urban Group ◽  
Rivers State

The human breast milk is considered to be the perfect food for infants, specifically adapted to their needs. Changes in lifestyle and environment may impact on breast milk composition. This study was aimed at comparing the nutrients composition in breast milk in postpartum women in urban and sub-urban areas in Rivers State. The cross-sectional study was conducted among 59 postpartum subjects between 0 and 10days of child delivery in each group. Sampling was done through a simple random sampling method. Human breast milk was collected by means of a manual breast pump for the analysis of carbohydrate, protein and lipid using ClegAnthrone Method, Kjedahl Method and Soxhelt Extraction Method respectively. The results revealed that carbohydrate level was 6.1±0.5% in urban group and 5.0±0.1% in sub-urban group which was statistically significant (t-value=2.2; p-value=0.04). Protein level was 3.5±0.6% in urban group and 3.9±0.3% in sub-urban group which was statistically non-significant (t-value=0.6; p-value=0.57).  Lipid level was 6.1±0.5% and 5.0±0.1% in urban and sub-urban groups respectively which was statistically non- significant (t-value=1.2; p-value=0.27). This study has revealed that differences in settlements (urban and sub-urban) have no impact on breast milk composition except in carbohydrate.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Heavy Metals in Breast Milk of Breast Feeding Mothers in Urban and Sub-Urban Subjects in Rivers State

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Diorgu Faith ◽  
Kalaotaji Glory Biambo ◽  
Jonathan Nyebuchi ◽  
Chikadibia Fyneface Amadi ◽  
Felix Eedee Konne
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Metal Composition ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Rivers State

Breast milk is one fluid that could contain heavy metals and this can be dangerous to the health of breastfeeding baby. The increase in urbanization and industrialization often comes with the increased level of heavy metals in the environment especially in developing countries where environmental protection is poorly managed. The study aimed to compare the heavy metal composition in breast milk in postpartum women in urban and sub-urban areas in Rivers State. The study was conducted among 59 postpartum subjects between 0 and 10days of child delivery in each group. Sampling was done through a simple randomized system. Human breast milk was collected using a manual breast pump. Heavy metals; Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg) and Mercury (Hg) were assayed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer with their corresponding cathode lambs. Results revealed that the mean differences of the heavy metals assayed between both groups were not significant (p>0.05). This work has shown that heavy metal composition in the breast milk of postpartum women may not vary based on urban and sub-urban settlements.

scholarly journals Kandungan Pestisida Organoklorin dalam Air Susu Ibu di Daerah Pertanian Bawang Merah Kabupaten Brebes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Cahyaningrum ◽  
Hanifa Maher Denny ◽  
Muh Sakundarno Adi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environment Exposure ◽  
Organochlorine Exposure ◽  
Safe Practices

ABSTRAKPestisida organoklorin digunakan secara luas di pertanian pada waktu yang lampau. Zat ini mempunyai sifat persisten di lingkungan, memiliki kemampuan bioakumulasi dan biomagnifikasi dalam rantai makanan. Paparan organoklorin pada bayi sebelum lahir dapat menyebabkan kelahiran premature, abortus spontan, bahkan berdampak mengganggu fungsi system syaraf pusat. Wanita di daerah pertanian bawang merah beresiko tinggi terhadap paparan pestisida baik dari keterlibatan mereka di pertanian maupun paparan dari lingkungan. Air susu ibu adalah media yang sesuai untuk memantau paparan organoklorin pada manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan pestisida organoklorin pada air susu ibu di daerah pertanian bawang merah Kabupaten Brebes, keterlibatan wanita di pertanian, dan keterkaitan beberapa faktor dengan konsentrasi organoklorin. Metode dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan responden berjumlah 14 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 4 responden mempunyai p’pDDE dengan konsentrasi >0,01 mg/kg (0,018-0,082 mg/kg) dan 11 responden mempunyai dieldrin dengan konsentrasi <0,01 mg/kg (0,001-0,007 mg/kg). Semakin meningkat nomor kelahiran, tingkat pengetahuan dan praktek penggunaan pestisida konsentrasi p’pDDE cenderung menurun. Kebiasaan makan ikan yang tercemar menjadi sumber paparan organoklorin pada wanita di daerah pertanian bawang merah Kabupaten Brebes. Kebijakan pengawasan penggunaan pestisida yang sekarang ada belum efektif untuk meningkatkan keamanan bekerja dengan pestisida pada petani.Kata Kunci : Organoklorin, ASI dan Keamanan bekerja dengan pestisidaABSTRACTTHE CONTENT OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN HUMAN BREAST MILK IN ONION AGRICULTURA AREA AT BREBES DISTRICT; Organochlorine pesticides were widely used in agricultural at the past, these compounds are persistent in the environment and can be bioaccumulate and biomagnificate in food chain. Prenatal organochlorine exposure may lead to premature birth, spontaneous abortion and infere central nervous system function. Women living in agriculture area pose high risk of pesticides exposure resulting from their agriculture occupation and environment exposure. Breast milk could be a suitable matrix for monitoring organochlorine exposure in human. This study aimed to assess the content of organochlorine pesticides in human breast milk, women involvement in agricultural activity and factors related to the level of organochlorine compounds in breast milk. The qualitative descriptive method using cross sectional approach was applied in this research. There were 14 partisipants. The result demonstrated that 4 partisipans had p’pDDE level above 0,01 mg/kg (0,018-1,082), and 11 partisipans had level of Dieldrin below 0,01 mg/kg (0,001-0,007). Concentration p’pDDE tend to decreased as the increased of parity, level of knowledge, and level practices of pesticide. Dietary habits especially fish consumption was considered as a source of organochlorine exposure to human. Supervision policy the used of pesticide hasn’t effective yet to increase safe practices of pesticides among farmers.Keywords : Organochlorine, breast milk, safe practices of pesticides

Exploring human breast milk composition by NMR-based metabolomics

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Praticò ◽  
Giorgio Capuani ◽  
Alberta Tomassini ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre ◽  
Maurizio Delfini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast

scholarly journals Determinants of persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations in human breast milk of a cross-sectional sample of primiparous mothers in Belgium

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 104979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raf Aerts ◽  
Ilse Van Overmeire ◽  
Ann Colles ◽  
Mirjana Andjelković ◽  
Govindan Malarvannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutant ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Association of DHA Concentration in Human Breast Milk with Maternal Diet and Use of Supplements: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi M Ueno ◽  
Satoshi Higurashi ◽  
Yuzuka Shimomura ◽  
Ryota Wakui ◽  
Hiroaki Matsuura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infant Birth

ABSTRACT Background DHA (22:6n–3) is essential for neurodevelopment in children, and its concentration in human breast milk is historically high in Japan. Dietary patterns in Japan might affect the fatty acid (FA) composition among lactating mothers. Objectives This study aimed to characterize the composition of milk FAs and to identify any dietary and sociodemographic factors associated with the variability of DHA concentration in breast milk in the Japanese population. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed as part of the Japanese Human Milk Study. Milk FAs were analyzed by GC at 1–6 mo postpartum, and maternal diet was estimated using an FFQ, including 11 types and cooking methods of seafoods, and the use of DHA supplements. The association of milk DHA with maternal diet and sociodemographic factors was investigated. Results Milk FA concentrations were measured in 78 mothers, including 24 who routinely used DHA supplements. The DHA concentration in milk (overall median: 0.62%; IQR: 0.47%–0.78%) was higher in women who took DHA supplements than in women who had never used DHA supplements (0.74%compared with 0.55%; P = 0.011). A linear regression model showed the association of milk DHA concentration with maternal dietary intake of grilled fish (β ± SE: 0.006 ± 0.003; standardized β: 0.234; r2 = 0.232, P = 0.036) after adjustment for DHA supplementation status, maternal and infant age, maternal BMI, and infant birth weight. Other FA concentrations were consistent, whereas caproic acid (6:0), undecylic acid (11:0), pentadecylic acid (15:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1n–7), and vaccenic acid (18:1n–7) varied by DHA supplementation status. Conclusions The DHA concentration in human milk may be influenced by maternal grilled fish consumption and frequent DHA supplementation in lactating Japanese women. Milk DHA concentrations may reflect a dietary habit in Japanese mothers. This trial was registered at www.umin.ac.jp/ctr as UMIN000015494.

scholarly journals LACTOFERRIN LEVELS IN MOTHER’S MILK

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
SYED QAISER HUSAIN NAQVI ◽  
MOHAMMAD SHIRAZ KHAN ◽  
ALI AKBAR SIYAL ◽  
Mir Muhammad Sehto ◽  
Riaz Ahmed Qazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study was aimed to see the significance of Lactoferrin in human breast milk among lactating mothers of healthyand sick babies. Place and duration: This study was conducted at pathology and paediatrics departments of Peoples University of Medical andHealth Sciences Nawabshah, Shaheed Benazirabad between Jan 2011 to Dec 2011. Design: Cross sectional study. Method: Lactoferrinlevels in breast milk of 356 mothers of healthy babies were estimated and similarly lactoferrin levels in breast milk of 318 lactating mothers ofsick babies were estimated & these results were analyzed. Results: the mean lactoferrin level in breast milk of 356 lactating mothers of healthybabies was 9.37 mg/ml and the mean lactoferrin level in breast milk of 318 mothers nursing sick babies was 3.73mg/ml. Conclusions: There isdecrease in lactoferrin levels of lactating mothers of sick babies in their mature milk, which could account for the susceptibility of their babies toinfection.

scholarly journals Comparing different methods of human breast milk fortification using measured v. assumed macronutrient composition to target reference growth: a randomised controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma McLeod ◽  
Jill Sherriff ◽  
Peter E. Hartmann ◽  
Elizabeth Nathan ◽  
Donna Geddes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pragmatic Trial ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Mixed Model Analysis

AbstractThe variable content of human breast milk suggests that its routine fortification may result in sub-optimal nutritional intakes and growth. In a pragmatic trial, we randomised infants born below 30 weeks of gestation to either the intervention (Igp) of fortifying milk on measured composition according to birth weight criteria and postmenstrual age (PMA) or our routine practice (RPgp) of fortifying on assumed milk composition to target 3·8–4·4 g protein/kg per d and 545–629 kJ/kg per d. Milk composition was measured using the MIRIS® Human Milk Analyser. Percentage fat mass (%FM) was measured using PEA POD (COSMED). The effects of macronutrient intakes and clinical variables on growth were assessed using mixed model analysis. Mean measured protein content (1·6 g/100 ml) was higher than the assumed value (1·4 g/100 ml), often leading to lower amounts of fortifier added to the milk of intervention infants. At discharge (Igp v. RPgp), total protein (3·2 (sd 0·3) v. 3·4 (sd 0·4) g; P=0·067) and energy (456 (sd 39) v. 481 (sd 48) kJ; P=0·079) intakes from all nutrition sources, weight gain velocity (11·4 (sd 1·4) v. 12·1 (sd 1·6) g/kg per d; P=0·135) and %FM (13·7 (sd 3·6) v.13·6 (sd 3·5) %; P=0·984) did not significantly differ between groups. A protein intake >3·4 g/kg per d reduced %FM by 2 %. Nutrition and growth was not improved by targeting milk fortification according to birth weight criteria and PMA using measured milk composition, compared with routine practice. Targeting fortification on measured composition is labour intensive, requiring frequent milk sampling and precision measuring equipment, perhaps reasons for its limited practice. Guidance around safe upper levels of milk fortification is needed.

scholarly journals Human Breast Milk Composition and Function in Human Health: From Nutritional Components to Microbiome and MicroRNAs

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3094
Author(s):  
Dae Yong Yi ◽  
Su Yeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
And Function

Human breast milk (HBM) is not only an indispensable source of nutrients for early human growth and development, supplying components that support infant growth and development, but also contains various essential immunologic components with anti-infectious activities and critical roles in the formation of immunity. It is also known that HBM contains its own unique microbiome, including beneficial, commensal, and potentially probiotic bacteria, that can contribute to infant gut colonization. In addition, HBM-derived extracellular vesicles, exosomes, and microRNA are attracting increasing interest for their potential to transfer to the infant and their role in infant development. In this article, we examine some of the various constituents in HBM and review the evidence supporting their associated health effects and their potential applications in human health.

Maternal Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status, and Macronutrient Composition of Human Breast Milk: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
Shiksha Adhikari ◽  
Urszula Kudla ◽  
Jean Nyakayiru ◽  
Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maternal Dietary Intake

Abstract Introduction: Human breast milk is the best source of nutrition in early life, particularly during the first six months. Nevertheless, human breast milk composition is variable and more insight in the exact factors contributing to this variability is warranted. In this review, we explored the impact of maternal dietary intake and nutritional status (e.g., anthropometric measures, body mass index, bioimpedance) on human milk macronutrient composition. Method: PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane were systematically searched till November 2019. Results: In total, 4946 publications underwent title-abstract screening; 101 publications underwent full-text screening. Eventually, 50 publications were included in this review, investigating either associations between maternal dietary intake (n=29) and/or maternal nutritional status (n=29), and macronutrient composition of human breast milk. Reported energy composition ranged from 51-72 kcal/dl, and 67% and 54% of the studies reported associations between with maternal nutritional intake and status, respectively. Protein content ranged from 0.8-3.3g/dl and four studies suggested a negative association with nutritional status. Fat content ranged from 2.1- 9.8g/dl, and 68% of the studies reported positive associations with nutritional status. Carbohydrate content ranged from 5.8-7.5g/dl, and 67% of the included studies did not report an association between intake or status. Conclusion: Literature investigating associations of maternal dietary intake and nutrition status with breast milk composition of macronutrients and energy content is diversified, both in terms of used methodology as well as results. Further studies using well defined and standard parameters are essential to aid the formulation of scientific recommendations.

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