scholarly journals Physicochemical, Phytochemical and Toxicological Study of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aerva javanica Roots

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Mohammed Waqas ◽  
Peeyush Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Sandeep Yadav ◽  
Chandra Kala
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Organoleptic Property

Aim: The study is aimed at determining the characters of roots of Aerva javanica (A.javanica) assessing acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of Aerva javanica. Place and Duration of Study: the physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation was carried out at Faculty of Pharmacy, Maulana Azad University Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Acute Oral Toxicity was studied at Bilwal Medchem and Research Laboratory, Jaipur Rajasthan. The duration of study June 2021 – July 2021 Methodology: The pharmacognostical characters were evaluated in terms of organoleptic property, physico-chemical parameters, and preliminary phytochemical investigation. The acute oral toxicity was determined using the 423, OECD guideline for testing of chemical, acute toxic class method. Results: The physico-chemical analysis revealed total ash; water soluble ash and, acid insoluble ash to be 6.36 ± 0.26%, 0.79 ±0.23 % and, 1.23 ± 0.34%. The water, alcohol and petroleum ether soluble extractive values were found to be 17.88± 3.54 %, 15.58 ± 1.13% and, 0.3 ± 0.13 %. The percentage yield of hydroalcoholic extract of root of A.javanica was found to be 24%. The phytochemical screening of hydroalcoholic extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, proteins, and fixed oil.  The acute oral toxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of root of A.javanica revealed that the extract was found to be safe till 2000 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: The results of the present study will furnish data helpful in the correct identification and authentication of roots of A.javanica. The extractive value shed light on the most suitable solvent to be chosen to obtain extract rich in phytoconstituents. The physicochemical screening furnished data on important phytoconstituents present in the hydroalcoholic extract which could be helpful in isolation and purification of desired phytoconstituents.  Acute oral toxicity study revealed that the extract is safe till 2000 mg/kg BW which could be helpful in selection of dose for future pharmacological activities.

Standardization and Phytochemical screening of Carica papaya seeds

2021 ◽  
pp. 4540-4546
Author(s):  
Varsha Singh ◽  
Aleza Rizvi ◽  
Udaivir Singh Sara
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The present work focus to evaluate the physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical studies on the seeds of family Caricaceae. The plants resources which are used in pharmaceutical formulation standardization was carried out on the basis of organoleptic properties, physical characteristics, and physico-chemical properties. Different Physicochemical parameters ash values, extractive values, loss on drying, foreign matter, fluorescence analysis, and pH were evaluated. Macroscopical characteristics and Physicochemical parameters like total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash were found to be 83.7%, 71.7% and 61.5% w/w respectively. Hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water soluble extractive values (hot)were 7.6%, 11.6%, 27.4%, 37.5%w/w respectively. The pH of 1% and 10% aqueous solution was found to be 3.57 and 3.78 respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of Tannins, Proteins and amino acids, Glycosides, Phenolic compounds, Carbohydrates, Saponins, Alkaloids and Flavonoids. Thin layer chromatographic studies also had been done on ethanolic and hexane extracts. HPTLC fingerprinting is a valuable method for the quantitative determination of phytochemicals present in plant extract. These studies aim to investigating referential information for correct identification and standardization of this plant secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals ACTIVE PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Plectranthus amboinicus

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Dayana Janakiraman ◽  
Parameswari Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objective: Plectranthus amboinicus, (PA) leaves contain pharmaceutically important phyto constituents that attribute to greater medicinal values. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the active principles present in the potent Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and brine shrimp lethality studies to understand the toxicity profile of PA.Methods: An approach towards High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) screening of Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and selective partitioning using various solvents such as Hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol were performed to identify the active principles present. Acute oral toxicity or brine shrimp lethality studies on Artemia salina L. using active fraction of PA were also attempted.Results: The HPLC profile of ethylacetate fraction of Hydroalcoholic extract showed flavonoids such as Rutin, quercetin, luteolin and gallic acid, which was found to be considerably different from Hydroalcoholic extract and this fraction also showed good acute oral toxicity effect and the LC50 value obtained was 198.630µg/ml.Conclusion: These results attribute to the pharmacological importance of the plant. Selective Isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to biological testing will definitely give promising results for medicinal field.

scholarly journals Chemical fingerprint, acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schlecht.) K. Schum

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-880
Author(s):  
Francisco Rafael Alves Santana Cesário ◽  
Thaís Rodrigues de Albuquerque ◽  
Giovana Mendes de Lacerda ◽  
Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Anderson Fernandes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Chemical Fingerprint ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extract of Cissampelos Pareira and Their Anti-Diabetic Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif ◽  
Sadaf Jamal Gilani ◽  
Mohamad Taleuzzaman ◽  
Chandra Kala ◽  
Deepak Godara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Ms Analysis

Aim: The present work deals with the GC-MS-analysis of chemical constituents of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira leaves and thier anti-diabetic activity. Methods: GC-MS analysis of extract was performed using Shimadzu QP-2010 plus with thermal desorption system 20. Acute oral toxicity of extract was done using the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline 423. Diabetes was induced by single dose of streptozotocin 65 mg/kg, i.p. to all the rats except in rats of control group. Following which oral glucose tolerance test was performed and the rats were divided into various experimental groups. Various treatments continued for 21 days. Parameters such as blood glucose level, body weight, liver enzymes, lipid profiles and oxidative markers were checked. Results: GC-MS analysis of the extract identified 25 compounds present in it. Based on acute oral toxicity study three doses of hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira leaves viz 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were selected for evaluation of anti-diabetic activity. The extracts at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg BW were able to reduce blood sugar level, liver enzymes, total cholesterol, total triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and Malondialdehyde; and enhance body weight, high density lipoprotein and Glutathione significantly when compared to rats of negative control group. The effect of extract at dose 400 mg/kg was comparable to standard Glibenclamide. Conclusion: Results conclude that the chemical constituents present in the hydroalcoholic extract of Cissampelos pareira contained some anti-diabetic compounds possessing strong anti-diabetic activity.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical standardization of Hansraj (Adiantum capillus-Veneris)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
MD Nazim ◽  
Dr Mohd. Aslam ◽  
Rizwana Khatoon ◽  
Dr. Mohd. Asif ◽  
Shahid Shah Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Source Of Information

Ethno-botanical use and traditional knowledge of plants have been usually recognized all over the world. The outstanding characteristics of extracts obtained from this drug have been technically studied, attributing the main biological activity to its tannin and flavonoid content. Recent study about this drug Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn requires pharmacognostical evidences to develop quality-control methods for raw materials and extracts produced with this plant drug.  In this research article macro and micro-scopic studies were proven the authentication of the real drug in which adulteration is allowed in commercial samples of this plant material. The parameters which were mention in this study all are according to WHO guidelines and Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP). The morphological characteristics present in this article can be useful for quick identification of the drug, particularly useful in the case of powdered drug. Physicochemical parameters such as total ash, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash, loss on drying, percentage of foreign matter and extractive values were determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening in different solvents showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, fats, tannins and phenolic compounds. The various phytochemicals presence in the drug are confirmed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) profile. The study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for the presence of various phytochemicals. The results extracted from this study such as identification, phytochemical investigation etc. could be helpful in future research and uses

scholarly journals Phyto physico-chemical profile of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (06) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Bargale Sushant Sukumar ◽  
Tripathy T. B. ◽  
Shashirekha H.K.
Keyword(s):  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Introduction: The present article deals with study of phytochemical analysis of Withania somnifera Dunal roots. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal - Solanaceae), The use of Ashwagandha (WS) is increasing due to a number of chemical constituents present in are found useful for promotion of health. Important bio-active constituents of Ashwagandha root powder are alkaloids, tannins and flavonoid and phenolic compound helps to promote the health benefits. Objective: Evolution of Physico- chemical and phyto chemical analysis of Ashwagandha (WS) powder. Materials and methods: The current investigation deals with extraction and detection or screening of active phytochemical compounds from different extracts of Withania somnifera root. Pharmacognostic studies, Physico-chemical studies, Preliminary phytochemical studies and HPTLC was carried out. Result and conclusion: The result drown were 2% foreign mater was determined. Loss on drying 1.6%, total ash obtained was 9%, acid insoluble ash was 1% and water soluble extractive was 12% and Alcohol soluble extractive was 13%. The phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of various phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrate, Steroids and Saponin Glycoside. HPTLC chromatograms of methanol extracts obtained from root of Withania somnifera revealed that higher quality of with a nolides was present. Hence the root of Withania somnifera was considered to mostly prefer for commercial preparation of drugs.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Dermal and Eye Irritation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of the Seeds of “Zapote”Pouteria mammosa(L.) Cronquist

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos M. S. Dutok ◽  
Clara Azalea Berenguer-Rivas ◽  
Elizabeth Rodríguez-Leblanch ◽  
Liliana Pérez-Jackson ◽  
Idelsy Chil-Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

The common use ofPouteria mammosa(L.) Cronquist, “Mamey or Zapote,” in food and ethnobotanic medicine shows its low or absent toxicity as fruit extracts prepared from seeds. However, it is essential to conduct security trials to scientifically support their use in drug therapy. This study evaluated the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract (25%) Acute Oral Toxicity, obtained from the seeds ofP. mammosa, in Sprague Dawley rats and dermal and eye irritability in New Zealand rabbits. The 404 and 405 acute dermal and eye irritation/corrosion guidelines were used, as well as the 423 Acute Oral Toxicity guideline, Acute Toxic Class Method of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The aqueous extract was located in the following category: not classified as toxic (CTA 5), while hydroalcoholic extract at 25% was classified as dangerous (CTA 4). Both extracts can be used without side reaction that irritates the skin which permitted classification as potentially not irritant.P. mammosain the two extracts caused mild and reversible eye irritation, and it was classified as slightly irritating.

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